Psychological and financial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic during the first stages of the pandemic: Brazilian orthodontists´ perspective.

Introduction: Brazil faced a catastrophic situation in the coronavirus pandemic. Due to the high risk of contamination and spread of COVID-19, dentist have been attending only urgency and emergency services in Brazil at the beginning of the pandemic.

Objective: This research aimed to evaluate the psychological and financial impacts caused by the coronavirus pandemic in Brazilian orthodontists.

Vitamin D (VD3) Intensifies the Effects of Exercise and Prevents Alterations of Behavior, Brain Oxidative Stress, and Neuroinflammation, in Hemiparkinsonian Rats.

In the present study, we investigated the effects of physical exercise in the presence of Vitamin D3 (VD3), on 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned hemiparkinsonian rats. The animals were divided into sham-operated (SO), 6-OHDA-lesioned, and 6-OHDA-lesioned plus VD3 (1 µg/kg, 21 days), in the absence (no exercise, NE) and presence (with exercise, WE) of physical exercise on a treadmill (30 min, speed of 20 cm/s, once a day/21 days). This procedure started, 24 h after the stereotaxic surgery (injections of 6-OHDA into the right striatum).

Three-dimensional pharyngeal airway space changes after bimaxillary advancement.

Introduction: The probability of improvement in the upper airway space (UAS) with orthognathic surgery should be considered during the surgical-orthodontic treatment decision, providing not only an esthetic, but also a functional benefit for the patient.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the 3D changes in the upper airway space after maxillomandibular advancement surgery (MMA).

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 56 patients, 21 male and 35 female, with a mean age of 35.

Vitamin D (VD3) antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities: Peripheral and central effects.

Vitamin D (VD3, cholecalciferol), besides its role on bone calcium homeostasis, has also been shown to present anti-inflammatory actions. The objectives of the present work were to further extend these findings, focusing onVD3action mechanisms at the molecular level and onits central and peripheral effects. For that, VD3 antinociceptive and mainly anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated by acute models of nociception (formalin test) and inflammation (carrageenan-induced paw edema), in mice pretreated orally for 7 days with VD3 (0.

Vitamin D protects dopaminergic neurons against neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in hemiparkinsonian rats.

Background: The deficiency in 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (VD3) seems to increase the risk for neurodegenerative pathologies, including Parkinson's disease (PD). The majority of its actions are mediated by the transcription factor, VD3 receptor (VD3R).

Methods: The neuroprotective effects of VD3 were investigated on a PD model.