Perchlozone Resistance in Clinical Isolates of .

The emergence of drug-resistant tuberculosis forced the development of new drugs and the screening of more effective or less toxic analogues. Mycolic acid biosynthesis is targeted by several antituberculosis drugs, isoniazid being one of the most important in tuberculosis therapy. Recently, perchlozone, acting on another step in the FAS-II cycle, was officially approved for tuberculosis treatment in the Russian Federation and was included in the Russian national clinical guidelines.

Reduced susceptibility and resistance to bedaquiline in clinical M. tuberculosis isolates.

Objectives: Bedaquiline is an effective drug used to treat MDR and XDR tuberculosis, providing high cure rates in complex therapy. Mutations in the mmpR (rv0678) and atpE genes are associated with reduced susceptibility to bedaquiline and have been identified in both in vitro selected strains and clinical isolates. However, the phenotypic criteria used to detect bedaquiline resistance have yet to be established due to the collection of few clinical isolates from patients receiving bedaquiline-containing treatment regimens.

Examination of bedaquiline- and linezolid-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from the Moscow region.

Objectives: To study the isolates with acquired resistance to bedaquiline and linezolid that were obtained from patients enrolled in a clinical study of a novel therapy regimen for drug-resistant TB in Moscow, Russia.

Methods: Linezolid resistance was detected using MGIT 960 with a critical concentration of 1 mg/L. The MIC of bedaquiline was determined using the proportion method.

A Comparison of the Sensititre MycoTB Plate, the Bactec MGIT 960, and a Microarray-Based Molecular Assay for the Detection of Drug Resistance in Clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates in Moscow, Russia.

Background: The goal of this study was to compare the consistency of three assays for the determination of the drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) strains with various resistance profiles isolated from the Moscow region.

Methods: A total of 144 MTB clinical isolates with a strong bias toward drug resistance were examined using Bactec MGIT 960, Sensititre MycoTB, and a microarray-based molecular assay TB-TEST to detect substitutions in the rpoB, katG, inhA, ahpC, gyrA, gyrB, rrs, eis, and embB genes that are associated with resistance to rifampin, isoniazid, fluoroquinolones, second-line injectable drugs and ethambutol.

Results: The average correlation for the identification of resistant and susceptible isolates using the three methods was approximately 94%.

Comparison of 5-Year Outcomes for Patients With Coronary Artery Disease in Groups With and Without Revascularization With Different Results of Stress Echocardiography.

Background: There is conflicting data in contemporary literature concerning the best way to treat patients with stable coronary artery disease; specifically, whether medical treatment alone or invasive strategies combined with medical treatment are better. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients with and without revascularization after stress echocardiography and to create formulas for detecting patients with a very high risk of cardiac death/major adverse cardiac event (MACE) in their present conditions.

Methods: We assessed 323 patients (53.

Detection of second-line drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis using oligonucleotide microarrays.

Background: The steady rise in the spread of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) requires rapid and reliable methods to identify resistant strains. The current molecular methods to detect MTB resistance to second-line drugs either do not cover an extended spectrum of mutations to be identified or are not easily implemented in clinical laboratories. A rapid molecular technique for the detection of resistance to second-line drugs in M.

The role of eis mutations in the development of kanamycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from the Moscow region.

Objectives: Kanamycin is an important second-line drug used to treat multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB). Molecular analysis of the rrs gene seems to be not enough to identify every case of kanamycin resistance. In the present study we evaluated the incidence of eis mutations in kanamycin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates.