The effect of adductor canal block on outcomes of total knee arthroplasty: A single centre, historical cohort study.

Background: Adductor canal blocks (ACBs) have been associated with reduced pain following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). There is a paucity of evidence regarding whether these early differences impact longer term outcomes. This study aimed to identify whether using ACB in TKA was associated with improvements in both early and late outcomes.

The Association Between Delaying Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Adolescents and Increasing Meniscal and Chondral Pathology: A Cohort Study of 2740 Adolescents.

Background: A growing body of evidence surrounds secondary meniscal and cartilage pathology after delay to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR). Many of these studies focus on or include an adult population.

Purpose: To elucidate the prevalence of secondary meniscal and chondral pathology with delay to ACLR in the adolescent population as well as examine the influence of sex, skeletal maturity, and trends over the years.

Robotic-Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty Improves Accuracy and Reproducibility of the Polyethylene Insert Thickness Compared to Manual Instrumentation or Navigation: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Increased accuracy and lower rates of component positioning outliers have been associated with better long-term survival and functional outcomes of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study investigates the accuracy of robotic-assisted TKA compared to navigation-assisted and manual instrumentation techniques, using polyethylene tibial insert thickness as a surrogate.

Methods: Consecutive primary TKA by a single surgeon were retrospectively reviewed and divided in 3 groups: manual instrumentation, navigation-assisted, and robotic-assisted (RA-TKA).

Outcomes of ACL Reconstruction Utilizing Supercritical CO-Sterilized Allografts.

Background: Allograft tendons are perceived to have a high ACL graft failure rate in primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR). Historical series may be biased by graft processing methods that degrade the biomechanical properties of donor tendons such as irradiation. Supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO) is a validated method of terminally sterilizing biomaterials at physiological temperatures without irradiation, but in vivo use of SCCO-processed tendon allografts for primary ACLR has not been reported to date.

Comparison of Contralateral ACL Rupture Versus ACL Graft Rupture in Australian Netballers After ACL Reconstruction.

Background: Netball is a popular sport worldwide, particularly for women. However, its nature puts players at high risk for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury.

Purpose: To determine (1) the prevalence of ACL graft rupture and contralateral ACL (CACL) rupture in Australian female netballers after ACL reconstruction (ACLR) and (2) the rate of return to sports (RTS) and psychological readiness.

Gluteal Tendinopathy Is Associated With Lower Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Total Hip Arthroplasty With a Posterior Approach: A Prospective Cohort Study of 1,538 Patients.

Background: Gluteal tendinopathy (GT) is found in 20 to 25% of patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA). Despite this, there is a scarcity of literature assessing the association between GT and THA outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether intraoperative diagnosis of GT negatively affected postoperative outcomes.

20-Year Outcomes of High Tibial Osteotomy: Determinants of Survival and Functional Outcome.

Background: High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a successful joint-preserving procedure for the treatment of medial compartment osteoarthritis. Long-term survivorship of HTO ranges from 40% to 85%. There are consistent factors that predict failure.

A pilot study of intraoperative application of cooled radiofrequency to reduce post-operative pain following total knee arthroplasty.

Background: Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is a successful treatment for end stage knee osteoarthritis (OA), but can be associated with significant pain in the early post-operative period. Cooled radiofrequency ablation (CRFA) has reported to reduce knee OA pain by targeting the periarticular nerves. The objective of this pilot study was to assess the effectiveness of intra-operative CRFA for reducing pain and opiate use after TKA.

Comparison of CT and EOS in assessing coronal lower limb alignment when planning total knee arthroplasty.

Background: As surgical technologies and alignment strategies develop, accuracy of lower limb alignment assessment gains increasing importance. The current gold standard remains long leg (4ft) radiographs. Other measures include computed tomography (CT) and EOS scans.

Structural maturation of SYCP1-mediated meiotic chromosome synapsis by SYCE3.

In meiosis, a supramolecular protein structure, the synaptonemal complex (SC), assembles between homologous chromosomes to facilitate their recombination. Mammalian SC formation is thought to involve hierarchical zipper-like assembly of an SYCP1 protein lattice that recruits stabilizing central element (CE) proteins as it extends. Here we combine biochemical approaches with separation-of-function mutagenesis in mice to show that, rather than stabilizing the SYCP1 lattice, the CE protein SYCE3 actively remodels this structure during synapsis.

Repeat Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury and Return to Sport in Australian Soccer Players After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With Hamstring Tendon Autograft.

Background: Soccer is the most commonly played team sport in the world and a high-risk sport for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and subsequent ACL reconstruction (ACLR).

Purpose: To assess the rate of further ACL injury in patients who have undergone ACLR with hamstring tendon autograft after soccer injuries in Australia and to determine factors associated with repeat ACL injury and return to soccer.

Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3.

Opioid use and patient outcomes in an Australian hip and knee arthroplasty cohort.

Background: To determine the prevalence of opioid use in Australian hip (THA) or knee (TKA) cohort, and its association with outcomes.

Methods: About 837 primary THA or TKA subjects prospectively completed Oxford Scores, and Knee or Hip Osteoarthritis Outcomes Score(KOOS/HOOS) and opioid use in the previous week before arthroplasty. Subjects repeated the baseline survey at 6 months, with additional questions regarding satisfaction.

Coiled-coil structure of meiosis protein TEX12 and conformational regulation by its C-terminal tip.

Meiosis protein TEX12 is an essential component of the synaptonemal complex (SC), which mediates homologous chromosome synapsis. It is also recruited to centrosomes in meiosis, and aberrantly in certain cancers, leading to centrosome dysfunction. Within the SC, TEX12 forms an intertwined complex with SYCE2 that undergoes fibrous assembly, driven by TEX12's C-terminal tip.

Surgery for Osteoarthritis: Total Joint Arthroplasty, Realistic Expectations of Rehabilitation and Surgical Outcomes: A Narrative Review.

This narrative review highlights the prevalence of osteoarthritis as a chronic disease that directly contributes to the ever-growing health care expenditure to treat this condition. The increasing demand of total joint arthroplasty globally is explained in conjunction with the importance of understanding candidate suitability for arthroplasty surgery in order to maximize surgical outcomes and self-reported patient satisfaction after the surgery. Rehabilitation care following total hip arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty, particularly the inappropriate use of inpatient rehabilitation service, is also explained, in addition to the enhanced recovery after surgery.

Foot Pain is Common, But Frequently Improves 1 Year After Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Background: Osteoarthritis frequently affects multiple joints through the lower limbs. This study sought to examine the incidence of foot pain in subjects undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and determine if foot symptoms improved following surgery.

Methods: Six hundred ten subjects undergoing TKA completed patient-reported outcome measures preoperatively, and at 6 and/or 12 months after surgery including the incidence and severity of foot or ankle pain, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Scores (KOOS) Joint Replacement, Oxford Knee Scores (OKS), EQ5D, and satisfaction.

Centrosome dysfunction associated with somatic expression of the synaptonemal complex protein TEX12.

The synaptonemal complex (SC) is a supramolecular protein scaffold that mediates chromosome synapsis and facilitates crossing over during meiosis. In mammals, SC proteins are generally assumed to have no other function. Here, we show that SC protein TEX12 also localises to centrosomes during meiosis independently of chromosome synapsis.

Structural basis of meiotic chromosome synaptic elongation through hierarchical fibrous assembly of SYCE2-TEX12.

The synaptonemal complex (SC) is a supramolecular protein assembly that mediates synapsis between homologous chromosomes during meiosis. SC elongation along the chromosome length (up to 24 μm) depends on its midline α-fibrous component SYCE2-TEX12. Here, we report X-ray crystal structures of human SYCE2-TEX12 as an individual building block and on assembly within a fibrous lattice.

Stable Lateral Meniscal Posterior Root Tears Left In Situ at Time of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Are of Minimal Long-Term Clinical Detriment.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare long-term patient-reported outcomes in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with untreated stable lateral meniscal posterior root (LMPR) tears to those with an intact meniscus.

Methods: Four hundred ninety-two subjects were followed for a minimum of 15-years post-ACL reconstruction and evaluated by an International Knee Documentation Committee questionnaire. The integrity of the meniscus was classified at surgery.

Conforming patellar button design improves outcome of total knee arthroplasty.

Background: Patellar resurfacing is commonly performed during total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and the patellar button design can vary within a TKA implant. Implant design is known to affect patella kinematics, contact mechanics, and ultimately the outcome of TKA. The aim of this study was to compare the patient-reported outcomes of TKA with either a conforming (CP) or medialized dome (MD) patellar component.

Improvement in Sleep Patterns After Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective Study in 780 Patients.

Background: This study assessed change in sleep patterns before and after total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and its relationship to patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).

Methods: Between July 2016 and June 2018, surgical data and PROMs were collected on 780 subjects before and 12 months after THA or TKA. PROMs included Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, patient satisfaction, and 2 questions from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.

Allograft Donor Characteristics Significantly Influence Graft Rupture After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in a Young Active Population.

Background: Graft selection in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery can be difficult in a young active population given their high rates of reinjury. Allografts allow for control over graft size and reduce morbidity of autograft harvest. There are mixed results about the use of allograft in the literature; however, the influence of the properties of the allograft on outcomes has not been considered.

Bioabsorbable Versus Titanium Screws in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Hamstring Autograft: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial With 13-Year Follow-up.

Background: Bioabsorbable screws for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) have been a popular choice, with theoretical advantages in imaging and surgery. Titanium and poly-L-lactic acid with hydroxyapatite (PLLA-HA) screws have been compared, but with less than a decade of follow-up.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose was to compare long-term outcomes of hamstring autograft ACLR using either PLLA-HA screws or titanium screws.

Transphyseal anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using living parental donor hamstring graft: excellent clinical results at 2 years in a cohort of 100 patients.

Purpose: To determine outcomes of transphyseal ACL reconstruction using a living parental hamstring tendon allograft in a consecutive series of 100 children.

Methods: One hundred consecutive juveniles undergoing ACL reconstruction with a living parental hamstring allograft were recruited prospectively and reviewed 2 years after ACL reconstruction with IKDC Knee Ligament Evaluation, and KT1000 instrumented laxity testing. Skeletally immature participants obtained annual radiographs until skeletal maturity, and long leg alignment radiographs at 2 years.