Characteristics and outcomes of surgical patients admitted to an overnight intensive recovery unit: A retrospective observational study.

Postoperative 'enhanced care' models that sit between critical care and ward-based care may allow for more cost-effective and efficient utilisation of resources for high-risk surgical patients. In this retrospective observational study, we describe an overnight intensive recovery model in a tertiary hospital, termed 'recovery high dependency unit', and the characteristics, treatment, disposition at discharge and in-hospital outcomes of patients admitted to this unit. We included all adult patients (≥18 years) admitted to the recovery high dependency unit for at least one hour between July 2017 and June 2020.

Accelerated fetal growth velocity across the third trimester is associated with increased shoulder dystocia risk among fetuses who are not large-for-gestational-age: A prospective observational cohort study.

Objective: To investigate whether fetuses with accelerated third trimester growth velocity are at increased risk of shoulder dystocia, even when they are not large-for-gestational-age (LGA; estimated fetal weight (EFW) >95th centile).

Methods: Fetal growth velocity and birth outcome data were prospectively collected from 347 nulliparous women. Each had blinded ultrasound biometry performed at 28 and 36 weeks' gestation.

Reduced growth velocity from the mid-trimester is associated with placental insufficiency in fetuses born at a normal birthweight.

Background: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) due to placental insufficiency is a major risk factor for stillbirth. While small-for-gestational-age (SGA; weight < 10th centile) is a commonly used proxy for FGR, detection of FGR among appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA; weight ≥ 10th centile) fetuses remains an unmet need in clinical care. We aimed to determine whether reduced antenatal growth velocity from the time of routine mid-trimester ultrasound is associated with antenatal, intrapartum and postnatal indicators of placental insufficiency among term AGA infants.

Soluble FAS ligand is not required for pancreatic islet inflammation or beta-cell destruction in non-obese diabetic mice.

CD8 T cells play a central role in beta-cell destruction in type 1 diabetes. CD8 T cells use two main effector pathways to kill target cells, perforin plus granzymes and FAS ligand (FASL). We and others have established that in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice, perforin is the dominant effector molecule by which autoreactive CD8 T cells kill beta cells.