"They are perceived to be witches, and some are killed": Community perceptions of elderly people living with dementia in Kilifi, Kenya.

Background: The risk of dementia, including the most common form, Alzheimer's disease, is forecasted to increase in low- and middle-income countries due to longer lifespans and the rising prevalence of non-communicable diseases. However, little research has been conducted on the knowledge and perceptions about dementia in rural communities in Kenya.

Objective: To explore the community's knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions about dementia in Kilifi County, a resource constrained rural coastal area in Kenya.

The potential for use of haematological and anti-IgE humoral responses as phenotypic markers for tick resistance in cattle.

Approximately 80% of the global cattle population is at risk of infestation and infection by ticks and tick-borne diseases (TTBDs). The economic losses from animal mortality, reduced production, vector control costs and animal treatment are very substantial, hence there is an urgent need to develop and deploy alternative vector control strategies. Breeding for host tick resistance has the potential for sustainable large-scale TTBD control especially in cattle.

Views on COVID-19 vaccination among residents of Eldoret, Kenya during the 2021 vaccine rollout.

The Government of Kenya initiated COVID-19 vaccination program in March 2021. However, vaccine uptake remains low, especially in rural areas in Kenya. We interviewed 40 residents of Eldoret town to explore the knowledge, beliefs, and meanings they attach towards vaccines generally, and why they chose to vaccinate or not.

Primary and Triage Cervical Screening Diagnostic Value of Methods for the Detection of Cervical Dysplasia.

Background: Cervical cancer is a leading cause of mortality among women globally. Approaches to reduce cervical cancer incidence and mortality are "screen-and-treat," where positive primary test only is used in the treatment and "screen, triage and treat," where treatment is based on positive primary and triage tests with/without histological analysis.

Objectives: To determine cervical screening outcomes among HIV-infected and noninfected women using VIA, Pap smear, and HPV-PCR cervical screening methods and to determine the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of VIA, Pap smear, and HPV-PCR as primary test and sequential triage based on abnormal histopathology among HIV-infected and noninfected women.

Forecasting the Potential Effects of Climate Change on Malaria in the Lake Victoria Basin Using Regionalized Climate Projections.

Background: Malaria epidemics are increasing in East Africa since the 1980s, coincident with rising temperature and widening climate variability. A projected 1-3.5 °C rise in average global temperatures by 2100 could exacerbate the epidemics by modifying disease transmission thresholds.

Social risks, economic dynamics and the local politics of COVID-19 prevention in Eldoret town, Kenya.

A steady and consistent national and local government leadership is crucial in times of crisis. The trust in government - which can be so fragile - was strong in Eldoret town, a large municipal in western Kenya widely known for ethnic conflicts. In our interviews with 20 business people and 30 community members from Eldoret town, we found that the trust built early in the pandemic was broken due to individual leaders who eventually dismissed public health promotion and engaged in politics and corruption of funds for COVID-19 relief.

Human Papillomavirus Types Associated with Cervical Dysplasia among HIV- and Non-HIV-Infected Women Attending Reproductive Health Clinics in Eastern Kenya.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes over 99% of all cervical cancer globally. In 2019, it was responsible for 3286 deaths in Kenya. Data on the epidemiological distribution of HPV genotypes by cervical dysplasia and HIV-infected women which is important in designing prevention strategy monitoring treatment and management of cervical cancer is lacking in Eastern Kenya.

Age-specific Plasmodium parasite profile in pre and post ITN intervention period at a highland site in western Kenya.

Background: Monitoring and evaluation of entomological, parasitological and clinical data is an important component of malaria control as it is a measure of the success of the interventions. In many studies, clinical data has been used to monitor trends in malaria morbidity and mortality. This study was conducted to demonstrate age dependent prevalence of malaria in the pre- and post-interventions period.

Cervical precancerous changes and selected cervical microbial infections, Kiambu County, Kenya, 2014: a cross sectional study.

Background: Cervical cancer is the predominant cancer among women in Kenya and second most common in women in developing regions. Population-based cytological screening and early treatment reduces morbidity and mortality associated with the cancer. We determined the occurrence of cervical precancerous changes and cervical microbial infections (Trichomonas vaginalis, Candida albicans, Neisseria gonorrhea and Actinomyces) among women attending Family Health Option Kenya (FHOK) clinic in Thika.

Perennial transmission of malaria in the low altitude areas of Baringo County, Kenya.

Background: Malaria causes the greatest public health burden in sub-Saharan Africa where high mortality occurs mainly in children under 5 years of age. Traditionally, malaria has been reported mainly in the lowlands endemic regions of western Kenya, while the highlands of the Rift Valley have been relatively free except for the sporadic epidemics in some areas. Baringo County is located in the Kenyan highlands.

Incidence and knowledge of bovine brucellosis in Kahuro district, Murang'a County, Kenya.

Brucellosis in cattle is a zoonosis mainly caused by Brucella abortus. In Kenya, the disease is widespread, but its prevalence is largely unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate incidence rates of brucellosis and farmers' knowledge on the disease in Kahuro district, Murang'a County.

Identification and sequence characterization of novel Theileria genotypes from the waterbuck (Kobus defassa) in a Theileria parva-endemic area in Kenya.

Waterbuck (Kobus defassa), an ungulate species endemic to the Eastern African savannah, is suspected of being a wildlife reservoir for tick-transmitted parasites infective to livestock. Waterbuck is infested by large numbers of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, the tick vector for Theileria parva, and previous data suggests that the species may be a source of T. parva transmission to cattle.

Factors that influence the choice of psychiatry as a career by medical students at the School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi.

The aim of this paper is to assess the particular factors facilitating and those hampering the choice of psychiatry as a career by medical students at the University of Nairobi in a cross-sectional population study of medical students at the University of Nairobi, College of Health Sciences, School of Medicine using self-administered questionnaires. A total of 31 students (13%) said they would like to be psychiatrists while 44 (18%) were neutral and 170 (69%) did not want to become psychiatrists. The factors that made psychiatry interesting for the students included the view that the problems presented by psychiatric patients were often particularly interesting and challenging and the fact that mental illness presented the field of medicine with one of the greatest challenges.