Atypical lesions as a sign of cutaneous dissemination of visceral leishmaniasis in a human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient simultaneously infected by two viscerotropic Leishmania species.

Leishmaniasis is considered an emerging opportunistic disease in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients who have considerably variable clinical presentation. We report a patient with visceral leishmaniasis who had unexpected clinical aspects (atypical cutaneous lesions appearing after long-term evidence of visceral parasites). The patient had hepatoesplenomegaly in the absence of fever, but was otherwise generally healthy.