Genotoxicity biomarkers on native fish species from the Araguari River (Amazon biome).

The Araguari River, one of the most important waterways in the Brazilian state of Amapá, is ecologically relevant and essential for the conservation of Amazonian fish biodiversity. Our previous studies demonstrated contamination of water and fish by metals. In particular, water samples showed genotoxic damage in Danio rerio.

Bioaccumulation, genotoxicity, and risks to native fish species from inorganic contaminants in the Pantanal Sul-Mato-Grossense, Brazil.

The Aquidauana River is one of the most important rivers in the Pantanal region, Brazil. However, its waters have been contaminated by nearby anthropogenic activities, threatening native fish species. In this study, our objectives were: 1) to determine the concentrations of Al, As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn in water and sediment samples from the Aquidauana River and to assess the risks posed to aquatic biota; 2) to quantify the concentration of these elements in muscle and liver tissue samples from four native fish species; 3) to evaluate the potential bioaccumulation of inorganic elements in the muscles and liver; and 4) to investigate genotoxicity biomarkers and their association with the inorganic element concentrations present in the muscle tissue.

Metal bioaccumulation in fish from the Araguari River (Amazon biome) and human health risks from fish consumption.

Recently, high concentrations of metals have been found in the waters from sampling sites located in the Araguari River lower section. These metals can be bioaccumulated by fish, but also biomagnified, representing a potential risk through human consumption. Here, we aimed to (1) determine the metal concentrations in muscle samples from fish; (2) evaluate bioaccumulation of metals in muscle tissue of fish species with different feeding behaviors; and (3) investigate the risks of single metals, as well as mixture of metals, to human fish consumption.

Transfer of Metal(loid)s from Soil to Leaves and Trunk Xylem Sap of Medicinal Plants and Possible Health Risk Assessment.

The objective of the present study was to investigate metal(loid)s in soils, in the trunk xylem sap and in the leaves of the plant located near the highway with high vehicle traffic in agricultural regions and near landfills, and to assess the transfer of metal(loid)s from soil to plant and possible health risk assessment. Trunk xylem sap, leaves and soil samples were collected at three sites near the highway. The analysis of trace elements was carried out using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP OES).

Landscape composition and inorganic contaminants in water and muscle tissue of Plagioscion squamosissimus in the Araguari River (Amazon, Brazil).

Amazonian aquatic environments are seriously impacted by dam-building and deforestation, among other threats. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine water quality in the middle and lower course of the Araguari River with respect to the composition of vegetative cover and the concentration of As, Cd and Hg in order to determine risks to the preservation of biota and risks to human health from consumption of P. squamosissimus contaminated with these inorganic elements.

High concentrations of metals in the waters from Araguari River lower section (Amazon biome): Relationship with land use and cover, ecotoxicological effects and risks to aquatic biota.

The Araguari River is one of the most important water body in the Brazilian state of Amapá. However, the quality of its waters has been deteriorating and, recently, high concentrations of metals were found in water samples collected from its lower section. Overall, we aimed to evaluate land use and cover around three sampling sites located in the Araguari River lower section and its contribution to water pollution by metals; correlate land use pattern with detected metal concentrations; assess acute toxicity using the Daphnia similis test and genotoxicity using the Danio rerio bioassay of water samples from the three sampling sites; and investigate the risks arising from metals present in waters to aquatic biota.

Acute Toxic and Genotoxic Effects of Aluminum and Manganese Using In Vitro Models.

The objective of this study was to use the same concentrations of aluminum (Al) and manganese (Mn) detected previously in groundwater above those permitted by Brazilian law and assess their cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in hamster ovary cell lines and their mutagenic effects through the microsome assay. Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) and CHO-XRS5 cells were treated with different concentrations of Al and Mn (0.2 to 2.

Bioaccumulation of metal in liver tissue of fish in response to water toxicity of the Araguari-Amazon River, Brazil.

This study aimed to determine the concentration of metals in the water and in the liver tissue of fish (Anodus orinocensis, Hemiodus unimaculatus, Curimata vittata, and Plagioscion squamosissimus) in the lower Araguari River. Steps were also taken to estimate any difference in metal bioaccumulation in the liver of fish species at different trophic levels, determine any correlations between metals found in hepatic tissue of fish species relative to that found in river water, and evaluate the bioaccumulation factor. The metals analyzed in the water in the lower Araguari River (Cd, Pb, Fe, Hg, Cu, and Zn) exceeded the limits considered safe for aquatic life.

Toxicogenetic effects on fish species in two sub-basins of the upper Paraguay river, Southern Pantanal - Brazil.

This study aimed to evaluate water quality using limnological parameters in two sub-basins of the Negro and Apa Rivers, along with the composition and structure of the landscape around the locations sampled in the two sub-basins and their possible contribution to the loss of water quality. We also set out to identify the genotoxic effects on the erythrocytes of Prochilodus lineatus and Leporinus friderici. In particular, we quantified total Cr, Ni and Pb in the muscle of these fish species to determine which genotoxic changes are related to the concentration of metals detected in the fish from these two sub-basins of the Paraguay River Basin.

Evaluation of the water quality in a conservation unit in Central-West Brazil: Metals concentrations and genotoxicity in situ.

This study assessed the quality of vegetation cover in the Parque Estadual das Várzeas do Rio Ivinhema (PEVRI, Upper Paraná River basin, MS, Brazil), the concentration of metals (Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Fe, Zn and Ni) in water and muscle and hepatic tissues of five fish species collected in the PEVRI - Hemiodus orthonops, Leporinus friderici, Prochilodus lineatus, Pterodoras granulosus and Pimelodus maculatus - in addition to non-carcinogenic risk assessment and genotoxicity potential in these species. Regarding vegetation index, we found that only 26.25% of the PEVRI area is occupied by denser vegetation.

Effects of age, sex, medication, and environmental conditions on genetic alterations in oral mucosa cells.

In the present study, we evaluated the effects of biological factors, lifestyle factors, and environmental conditions on the induction of DNA damage in exfoliated cells of the oral mucosa. Age, sex, medication use, and environmental conditions were analyzed in individuals residing in the cities of Caarapó and Itaporã. The individuals were assessed by a questionnaire, and oral mucosa cells were collected and subjected to mutagenicity analysis.

Use of fish scales in environmental monitoring by the application of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS).

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) to detect the presence of bioaccumulated Fe and Pb in scales of Salminus brasiliensis and Prochilodus lineatus, and to compare the results from this technique with those obtained using the conventional atomic absorption spectrometry technique. The study used fish collected in the Amambai River, Upper Paraná River, Brazil. The LIBS technique detected the presence of Fe in S.

Influence of Land Use and Cover on Toxicogenetic Potential of Surface Water from Central-West Brazilian Rivers.

The objective of this study was to evaluate toxicogenetic potential of surface water samples from rivers of center-west Brazil and analyze the influence of land use and cover and physicochemical parameters in genetic damage. Samples were collected during winter (June) and summer (November) at sampling sites from Dourados and Brilhante Rivers (Mato Grosso do Sul/Brazil). The toxicogenetic variables, including chromosomal alterations, micronuclei, and mitotic index, were analyzed in meristematic cells of Allium cepa; and micronuclei, nuclear abnormalities, and DNA strand breaks (arbitrary units, AU) were analyzed in erythrocytes of Astyanax lacustris.

From collection to discharge: physical, chemical, and biological analyses for fish farm water quality monitoring.

The use of chemical substances for the management of fish farming activities may compromise the quality of the tank water itself and of water bodies that receive the effluents. As studies that assess the environmental effect caused by pisciculture are scarce, the present study aimed at evaluating the water quality in two fish farms in the region of Grande Dourados, Brazil, from the site of water collection to the site of water disposal. The tools used for this purpose were the analysis of land use and cover and the determination of physical, chemical, and biological parameters of water samples.

The Response of Neotropical Fish Species (Brazil) on the Water Pollution: Metal Bioaccumulation and Genotoxicity.

The streams and rivers of the Upper Paraná River Basin have been seriously affected by impacts of high population density around the basin area. Fishes are widely used as models to assess the health of aquatic ecosystems, being considered as bioindicators of environmental pollution. In this context, our objective was to assess the potential genotoxic and mutagenic effects of the polluted water in three native fish species (Astyanax lacustris, Hypostomus ancistroides, and Rhamdia quelen) from Tarumã Microbasin, Upper Paraná River, Brazil.

Erythrocyte Nuclear Abnormalities in Astyanax lacustris in Response to Landscape Characteristics in Two Neotropical Streams.

The objective of this research was to evaluate land use and occupation in the landscape surrounding two neotropical streams of the Upper Paraná River in Brazil and to investigate if the water from these streams induces erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities in Astyanax lacustris. We observed that the areas surrounding the streams are predominantly used for agricultural purposes (73.46% of the total area), followed by buildings (15.

Mutagenic and genotoxic effects and metal contaminations in fish of the Amambai River, Upper Paraná River, Brazil.

The present study evaluated mutagenic and genotoxic effects and metal accumulation in the liver and musculature of Pterygoplichthys ambrosetti and Prochilodus lineatus in the Amambai River, a tributary of the Upper Paraná River in Brazil. We also evaluated the potential for these fish species as environmental bioindicators and performed risk assessment for conservation purposes. We found that P.