Analysis of Adverse Drug Reactions in Pediatric Patients with Epilepsy: An Intensive Pharmacovigilance Study.

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease characterized by the presence of spontaneous seizures, with a higher incidence in the pediatric population. Anti-seizure medication (ASM) may produce adverse drug reactions (ADRs) with an elevated frequency and a high severity. Thus, the objective of the present study was to analyze, through intensive pharmacovigilance over 112 months, the ADRs produced by valproic acid (VPA), oxcarbazepine (OXC), phenytoin (PHT), and levetiracetam (LEV), among others, administered to monotherapy or polytherapy for Mexican hospitalized pediatric epilepsy patients.

Mesostructured lead dioxide grown on titania nanotubes for diclofenac water removal through electrocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic processes.

Mesostructured PbO/TiO materials were synthesized to perform electrocatalysis (as electrooxidation, EO) and photoelectrocatalysis for removing diclofenac (DCF), 15 ppm concentration in 0.1 M NaSO solutions, at different pH conditions (3.0, 6.

Data sources for drug utilization research in Latin American countries-A cross-national study: DASDUR-LATAM study.

Purpose: Drug utilization research (DUR) contributes to inform policymaking and to strengthen health systems. The availability of data sources is the first step for conducting DUR. However, documents that systematize these data sources in Latin American (LatAm) countries are not known.

Effects of effluent from a hospital in Mexico on the embryonic development of zebrafish, Danio rerio.

Hospitals consume a large amount of water, so they also generate large amounts of wastewater, which contain a wide variety of contaminants. It is important to consider that hospital effluents are a mixture of pollutants that can interact with each other and have a negative impact on aquatic species of water bodies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects induced by a hospital effluent using Danio rerio embryos.

Impact of Implementing Smart Infusion Pumps in an Intensive Care Unit in Mexico: A Pre-Post Cost Analysis Based on Intravenous Solutions Consumption.

The use of smart pump technology has shown to be profitable in the intensive care unit (ICU) because it avoids costs from prevented medication errors and allows for savings on disposables and medications by establishing standardized concentrations and dosing units. : The objective of the study is to evaluate the economic impact of the implementation of smart infusion pumps in the consumption of intravenous (IV) solutions in an ICU. A retrospective observational study was conducted with a pre-post design.

Intravenous Administration Errors Intercepted by Smart Infusion Technology in an Adult Intensive Care Unit.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of intravenous (IV) smart pumps with drug libraries and dose error reduction system (DERS) to intercept programming errors entailing high risk for patients in an adult intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: A 2-year retrospective study was conducted in the adult ICU of the Hospital Juárez de México in Mexico City to evaluate the impact of IV smart pump/DERS (Hospira MedNet) technology implementation. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the reports generated by the system's software from April 2014 through May 2016.

Nutritional support and cardioprotection with L-carnitine: prescription appropriateness and safety concerns in Mexican neonates.

Medication errors are probably more common in neonates than is generally appreciated. In Mexican pediatric hospitals, L-carnitine is mainly used for nutritional support and to treat cardiomyopathy secondary to neonatal asphyxia. Using a longitudinal-retrospective approach we assessed the appropriateness of all L-carnitine prescriptions written during a 12-month period at a NICU of a second-level hospital located in Toluca, Mexico.

Pharmacogenomics of serious adverse drug reactions in pediatric oncology.

Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) rank as one of the top ten leading causes of death and illness in the developed world. In cancer therapy, more patients are surviving cancer than ever before, but 40% of cancer survivors suffer life-threatening or permanently disabling severe ADRs and are left with long-term sequelae. ADRs are often more frequent and more severe in children, and the consequences for children who experience a severe ADR can be catastrophic.

A systematic review of treatment of drug-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in children.

Stevens-Johnson (SJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) are two uncommon mucocutaneous diseases usually considered as severe drug reactions and are characterized by different grades of epidermal necrosis. Several treatment modalities have been proposed with variable results but the lack of controlled studies makes difficult to analyze them objectively especially in children. All publications describing management for SJS and TEN in children were searched in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library.

Cutaneous adverse drug reactions in children: an analysis of reports from the Canadian Pharmacogenomics Network for Drug Safety (CPNDS).

Cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs) are the most prevalent adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in hospitalized children, with an estimated rate of 2-3%. The Canadian Pharmacogenomics Network for Drug Safety (CPNDS) is a pan-Canadian active surveillance network identifying genomic biomarkers of risk for serious ADRs. The purpose of this paper is to describe the characteristics of paediatric CADR cases reported to the CPNDS from February 2005 to December 2008.

Improving pediatric drug safety: need for more efficient clinical translation of pharmacovigilance knowledge.

There is an urgency to improve the evaluation of pediatric drug safety in the pre-market and post-market phases of drug evaluation. The need to improve pharmacovigilance methods concerns not only new drugs but also existing drugs that have been used for many years in an off-label manner in children. Effective methods for early detection of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and drug safety epidemiologic studies are a pressing need in pediatrics.