Postoperative pain reduction by pre-emptive N-acetylcysteine: an exploratory randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: A new potential target for multimodal pain management is the group-II metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes, which can be activated by N-acetylcysteine. We investigated whether pre-emptive administration of N-acetylcysteine leads to a reduction in postoperative pain after laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair.

Methods: Sixty American Society of Anesthesiologists I-II patients scheduled for elective inguinal hernia repair were randomized to receive either N-acetylcysteine (150 mg/kg) or placebo intravenously 1 hour before surgery.

Treatment response of an outpatient training for children with enuresis in a tertiary health care setting.

Purpose: To evaluate treatment effectiveness for children with enuresis, according to the definitions of the International Children's Continence Society (ICCS, 2006).

Material And Methods: Children ≥6 years of age followed a 4-month outpatient treatment consisted of a visit during which history regarding enuresis was taken, causes were explained and therapeutic tips & tricks were discussed. All children received a booklet about enuresis and were trained with an alarm and/or pharmacological therapy.