Assessing Trauma History in Pregnant Patients: A Didactic Module and Role-Play for Obstetrics and Gynecology Residents.

Introduction: Assessing and addressing patient histories of trauma constitute a critical component of care for vulnerable populations such as pregnant patients, yet they often go unrecognized in obstetric care. Obstetric providers may feel poorly equipped to address this issue comfortably and effectively.

Methods: We designed this didactic module for obstetric residents with previous experience taking patient histories and delivering clinical care.

BRIGHTEN Heart intervention for depression in minority older adults: Randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Assess the effectiveness of an interdisciplinary geriatric team intervention in decreasing symptoms of depression among urban minority older adults in primary care. Secondary outcomes included cardiometabolic syndrome and trauma.

Method: 250 African American and Hispanic older adults with PHQ-9 scores ≥ 8 and BMI ≥ 25 were recruited from 6 underserved urban primary care clinics.

Men's Sexual Coerciveness, Perceptions of Women's Attachment, and Dating Preferences.

This study examined whether sexually coercive men are uniquely drawn to certain attachment styles in women. Specifically, it employed an experimental design to investigate what sorts of inferences men draw about women based on women's attachment styles and whether a woman's attachment style may serve as an indicator of vulnerability, rendering sexually coercive men more attracted to some women than to others. One-hundred thirty-six college men completed a measure of sexual coerciveness and answered questions about personal ads experimentally manipulated for portrayed attachment style.

Posttraumatic stress and depression may undermine abuse survivors' self-efficacy in the obstetric care setting.

Introduction: Posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTS) are associated with increased risk of obstetric complications among pregnant survivors of trauma, abuse and interpersonal violence, but little is known about how PTS affects women's actual experiences of obstetric care. This study investigated the rate at which abuse history was detected by obstetricians, whether abuse survivors experienced more invasive exams than is typically indicated for routine obstetric care, and whether psychological distress was associated with abuse survivors' sense of self-efficacy when communicating their obstetric care needs.

Methods: Forty-one pregnant abuse survivors completed questionnaires about abuse history, current psychological distress and self-efficacy for communicating obstetric care needs and preferences.

The Benefit of Conserving and Gaining Resources after Trauma: A Systematic Review.

Background: Traumatic events involve loss of resources, which has consistently been found to be associated with developing stress-related illness such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Objective: The purpose of this systematic literature review was to determine if there is evidence for the salutatory effect of resource gain on PTSD, and if there are intervention models that utilize and assess gain in PTSD.

Data Sources: All relevant online databases were systematically searched using key terms and a method, detailed in Figure 1.

Web-based trauma intervention for veterans has physical health payoff in randomized trial.

Objective: PTSD and depression are related to perceived physical health impairment in veterans, but little is known about the effects of psychological treatment on impairment. We examined the impact of an interactive online treatment for veterans with trauma-related distress, including (a) whether treatment effects include reduced perceived physical impairment, and (b) how these treatment effects are related to symptoms of PTSD and depression.

Method: A randomized controlled trial assessed the impact on perceived physical health impairment of interactive online treatment for veterans with symptoms of PTSD and depression.

Traumatic stress and cardiopulmonary disease burden among low-income, urban heart failure patients.

Background: Traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are associated with increased risk for cardiopulmonary disease (CPD) in veterans, men, and primarily White populations. Less is known about trauma, PTSD, and CPD burden among low-income, racial minority residents who are at elevated risk for trauma and PTSD. It was hypothesized that traumatic events and PTSD would be significantly associated with CPD burden among low-income, racial minority residents.