Corpus luteum proximity alters molecular signature of the small extracellular vesicles and cumulus cells in the bovine ovarian follicle environment.

Progesterone (P4) is predicted to act as a negative regulatory hormone for oocyte maturation events; however, its local effects during follicular development remain poorly understood in bovine. The complex process of oocyte meiosis progression is dependent on cellular communication among follicular cells. Besides, the breakdown of this communication, mainly between cumulus cells (CC) and oocyte, through the retraction of cumulus projections connecting these cells can impact oocyte maturation.

Effects of aerobic exercise during recovery from eccentric contraction on muscular performance, oxidative stress and inflammation.

This study investigated the effects of aerobic exercise during recovery from eccentric contraction (EC) on muscular performance, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Nineteen male subjects between 18 and 29 years were divided into unexercised (control,  = 9) and exercised ( = 10) groups. Initially, the subjects performed EC as 3 sets until exhaustion with elbow flexion and extension on the Scott bench at 80% in 1RM, followed by four aerobic exercise sessions.

A longer period of epididymal sperm interaction with extender components during cryopreservation improves sperm quality, decreases the size of sperm distal cytoplasmic droplets, and changes the number of nanoparticles in the extender.

While cryopreservation of cauda epididymal sperm (SpCau) allows the preservation of post-mortem bulls' gametes, the process triggers sperm damage. Although improving post-thaw sperm quality, using egg yolk extenders (EY) raises biosafety concerns which forces the use of EY-free extenders (EYFE). Since EYFE are less efficient in preserving post-thaw sperm quality, a strategy for ejaculated sperm (SpEj) frozen with EYFE is to add an Equilibrium Time (ET) step period to the cryopreservation process.

Seasonal Variation of Melatonin Concentration and mRNA Expression of Melatonin-Related Genes in Developing Ovarian Follicles of Mares Kept under Natural Photoperiods in the Southern Hemisphere.

This study investigated the seasonal variations in mRNA expression of FSH (), LH () receptors, melatonin ( and ) receptors, melatonin-synthetizing enzymes ( and ) and melatonin concentration in developing follicles from mares raised in natural photoperiods. For one year, ultrasonographic follicular aspiration procedures were performed monthly, and small (<20 mm), medium (20 to 35 mm) and large (>35 mm) follicles were recovered from five mares. One day before monthly sample collections, an exploratory ultrasonography conducted to record the number and the size of all follicles larger than 15 mm.

Effects of aquatic high intensity interval training on parameters of functional autonomy, mental health, and oxidative dysfunction in elderly subjects with type 2 diabetes.

The present study investigated the effects of aquatic exercise on parameters of functional autonomy, mental health, and oxidative dysfunction in elderly patients with DM2. A total of 130 elderly were included in the longitudinal clinical study and were attributed to the non-diabetic group ( = 27) and diabetes the group ( = 22). Both groups participated in 24 sessions of Hydro-HIIT, 48 h before and after Hydro-HIIT, the GDLAM index, depression, and anxiety scores and markers of oxidative dysfunction were quantified.

and matured bovine oocytes present a distinct pattern of single-cell gene expression.

Oocyte gene expression is a well controlled event that promotes gamete competence to undergo maturation, fertilization, and to support early embryo development, directly affecting reproductive outcomes. Considering that controlled ovarian stimulation or maturation (IVM) for the acquisition of mature oocytes has distinct implications for gene expression, we sought to evaluate the effects of these procedures on the expression of competence-related genes in single-cell oocytes. Healthy Nelore cows of reproductive age were synchronized to harvest matured oocytes; ovaries from slaughtered animals were used to obtain cumulus-oocyte complexes that were matured.

Karate Training Improves Metabolic Health in Overweight and Obese Adolescents: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Purpose: This study evaluated the effects of 12 weeks of karate training on cardiometabolic parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammation in adolescents with overweight and obesity.

Method: Seventy adolescents were randomized into 2 groups: control received nutritional and psychological interventions once a week for 12 weeks, and treatment received nutritional and psychological interventions once a week, plus 3 karate sessions per week, for 12 weeks. The main outcome measure was improvement in cardiometabolic parameters, oxidative stress, and inflammation.

Small extracellular vesicles derived from in vivo- or in vitro-produced bovine blastocysts have different miRNAs profiles-Implications for embryo-maternal recognition.

In vivo- and in vitro-produced bovine embryos have different metabolic profiles and differences in gene transcription patterns. These embryos also have a distinct ability to establish and sustain early pregnancies. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are secreted by embryos and carry bioactive molecules, such as miRNAs.

Effect of aquatic exercise on mental health, functional autonomy, and oxidative damages in diabetes elderly individuals.

This study investigated the effect of aquatic exercise on mental health, functional autonomy, and oxidative dysfunction in elderly with DM2. A total of 104 elderly were included in the longitudinal clinical study and were attributed to the diabetes group (n = 30) and the non-diabetic group (n = 29). Both groups were involved in the aquatic exercise (nine exercises; 3 sets x 1-minute duration each; linear intensity and frequency measured twice a week) for 12 weeks.

Changes in Oviductal Cells and Small Extracellular Vesicles miRNAs in Pregnant Cows.

Early embryonic development occurs in the oviduct, where an ideal microenvironment is provided by the epithelial cells and by the oviductal fluid produced by these cells. The oviductal fluid contains small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), which through their contents, including microRNAs (miRNAs), can ensure proper cell communication between the mother and the embryo. However, little is known about the modulation of miRNAs within oviductal epithelial cells (OECs) and sEVs from the oviductal fluid in pregnant cows.

Effect of hCG application at different moments of the estrous cycle on corpus luteum and uterine vascularization and serum progesterone concentration in mares.

Establishment of pregnancy after embryo transfer is the ultimate goal of an embryo transfer program and increasing pregnancy rates and reducing pregnancy loss are mandatory. The utilization of treatments to improve conception rates in recipient mares has been the focus of several research groups over the last years and the results are controversial. Some studies using human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) found promising results.

Resiliency of equid H19 imprint to somatic cell reprogramming by oocyte nuclear transfer and genetically induced pluripotency†.

Cell reprogramming by somatic cell nuclear transfer and in induced pluripotent stem cells is associated with epigenetic modifications that are often incompatible with embryonic development and differentiation. For instance, aberrant DNA methylation patterns of the differentially methylated region and biallelic expression of H19-/IGF2-imprinted gene locus have been associated with abnormal growth of fetuses and placenta in several mammalian species. However, cloned horses are born with normal sizes and with no apparent placental anomalies, suggesting that H19/IGF2 imprinting may be epigenetically stable after reprogramming in this species.

Use of color-Doppler ultrasonography for selection of recipients in timed-embryo transfer programs in beef cattle.

We aimed to study the association between CL characteristics assessed by color-Doppler ultrasonography (Doppler-US) at the time of embryo transfer (ET) and pregnancy rate (P/ET) in beef recipients. Estrous cycles of crossbred beef recipients were synchronized for timed-ET. On the day of ET (Day 7), CL area, proportion of luteal blood perfusion (BP), and the relationship between the largest dominant follicle (DF) and CL (ipsilateral or contralateral) were determined.

Ultrasonography-accessed luteal size endpoint that most closely associates with circulating progesterone during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy in beef cows.

The aim was to evaluate the associations between circulating P4 concentrations, corpus luteum (CL) size (diameter, area or volume) and blood perfusion (BP) in cows. In Experiment 1, Pearson's correlations (P < 0.05) with P4 concentrations were observed during CL development (D8) for total area (TA; r = 0.

Grooves surrounding the micropyle decrease the inseminating dose in fish.

In fish with external fertilization, sperm must reach the oocyte through the micropyle to enter the cytoplasm. Fertilization success is then influenced by characteristics of oocytes or sperm. In this study, we evaluated oocyte morphology and sperm motility parameters and their effects on the inseminating dose in a teleost fish Astyanax altiparanae.

Effect of aquatic exercise on mental health, functional autonomy, and oxidative dysfunction in hypertensive adults.

The aquatic exercise is an effective non-pharmacological therapy for prevention and control of hypertension. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of aquatic exercise on mental health, functional autonomy, and oxidative dysfunction in hypertensive adults. Methodologically 29 adults (mean age 53 ± 7.

A Flow Cytometry Protocol to Estimate DNA Content in the Yellowtail Tetra .

The production of triploid yellowtail tetra is a key factor to obtain permanently sterile individuals by chromosome set manipulation. Flow cytometric analysis is the main tool for confirmation of the resultant triploids individuals, but very few protocols are specific for species. The current study has developed a protocol to estimate DNA content in this species.

maturation impacts cumulus-oocyte complex metabolism and stress in cattle.

The influence of maturation (IVM) in oocytes is still not totally understood. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of IVM on the metabolism and homeostasis of bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes. In the present study, we demonstrated that IVM leads to accumulation of neutral lipids associated with differential levels of the mono-, di- and triacylglycerols in both cumulus cells and oocytes.

Supplementation with small-extracellular vesicles from ovarian follicular fluid during in vitro production modulates bovine embryo development.

Pregnancy success results from the interaction of multiple factors, among them are folliculogenesis and early embryonic development. Failure during these different processes can lead to difficulties in conception. Alternatives to overcome these problems are based on assisted reproductive techniques.

Fatty Acid Binding Protein 3 And Transzonal Projections Are Involved In Lipid Accumulation During In Vitro Maturation Of Bovine Oocytes.

Oocytes that undergo in vitro maturation (IVM) are metabolically abnormal and accumulate excess lipid content. However, the mechanism of lipid accumulation and the role of cumulus cells in this process are unclear. Recently, it was shown that fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) performed intra- and extracellular fatty acid transport.

Follicular dynamics, ovarian vascularity and luteal development in mares with early or late postpartum ovulation.

Follicular development and deviation processes during the postpartum period are not completely known in horses. Thus, we aimed to study the characteristics of follicular dynamics and ovarian vascular perfusion during the postpartum period in mares that demonstrated estrous behavior and had early (<10 days) or late (≥10 days) postpartum ovulation. Ten mares were scanned daily by transrectal ultrasonography from the first day postpartum (d1) to the sixteenth day after the first postpartum ovulation (D0 = ovulation).

Physical exercise is effective in preventing cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary oxidative response in mice.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important in the pathogenesis of pulmonary injury induced by cigarette smoke (CS) exposure, and physical exercise (Ex) is useful in combating impaired oxidative process. We verified the preventive effects of Ex on lung oxidative markers induced by smoking. In this study, 36 mice (C57BL-6, 30-35 g) were split into four groups: control, CS, Ex, and CS plus Ex.

The role of continuous versus fractionated physical training on muscle oxidative stress parameters and calcium-handling proteins in aged rats.

Age-associated decline in skeletal muscle mass and strength is associated with oxidative stress and Ca(2+) homeostasis disturbance. Exercise should be considered a viable modality to combat aging of skeletal muscle. This study aimed to investigate whether continuous and fractionated training could be useful tools to attenuate oxidative damage and retain calcium-handling proteins.

Plasma steroid dynamics in late- and near-term naturally and artificially conceived bovine pregnancies as elucidated by multihormone high-resolution LC-MS/MS.

The plasma levels of corticosteroids and sex steroids during pregnancy are key indicators of mammalian placental function and the onset of parturition. Steroid hormones are believed to be disturbed in pregnancies produced using assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) due to placental dysfunction and the frequently observed lack of parturition signals. To elucidate the plasma steroid dynamics, a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and used to determine the levels of corticosteroids (corticosterone, 11-deoxycortisol, and cortisol) and their direct precursors (progesterone and 17α-OH-progesterone) as well as sex steroids (androstenedione, estrone, estrone sulfate, testosterone, and 17β-estradiol) in bovine plasma.