Oral Health Education for Children: Development of a Serious Game with a User-Centered Design Approach.

Children can learn efficiently with well-designed serious games. The use of applications to promote health has proliferated, but there is a lack of scientific studies on educational games in oral health. We developed the Brazilian version of a British and Jordanian oral health education game for children from the perspectives of Brazilian specialists and users.

Impact of dental sedation treatment on the oral health-related quality of life of distressed young children: A secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.

Introduction: Little is known regarding the impact of dental treatment under sedation on distressed young children's oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).

Aim: To evaluate the impact of dental treatment under sedation on the OHRQoL of children and their families.

Methods: Caregivers of two-to-six-year-old children answered the Brazilian version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (B-ECOHIS): (1) before treatment under sedation (T0), (2) two weeks (T1) and (3) 3 months after the completion of treatment (T2).

Can parental pain catastrophizing influence the relationship between dental caries and pain in early childhood?

Objective: Knowledge on the parents' catastrophizing of the children's dental pain is lacking. This study aimed to verify whether parental pain catastrophizing influences the relationship between caries and dental pain in early childhood and if the child's age interacts with this relationship.

Study Design: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 83 dyads of children and their parents/primary caregivers.

Assessment of child's dental anxiety/fear and stress during dental treatment: a systematic review by CEDACORE.

There is a lack of evidence on the correlation between salivary biomarkers and subjective measures of dental fear and anxiety in children. This systematic review aimed to retrieve the scientific evidence comparing the results of dental anxiety measured by salivary biomarkers with patient-reported outcomes in pediatric dental setting. The PECOS was as follows: population: pediatric patients aged ≤ 18 years; exposure: patient-reported outcome measures, such as scales and/or questionnaires; comparator: salivary biomarkers; outcome: anxiety, fear, phobia or stress during dental treatment; study design: observational studies or controlled trials.

Religiosity is associated with caregivers' perception of preschool children's dental health.

The aim of the study was to investigate the association between psychosocial factors and perception of caregivers about the dental health of their preschool children. A cross-sectional analysis was performed with 146 caregiver-child dyads attended at Pediatric Dentistry school clinics in Goiânia, Midwest Brazil. Data were collected through a structured interview and a questionnaire with the caregivers and the children's dental records.

Impact of dental caries on oral health-related quality of life in children with dental behavior management problems.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the impact of dental caries and sociodemographic factors on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children with dental behavior management problems (DBMP) and their families. One hundred and thirty-four dyads of caregivers and children participated. The impact of OHRQoL was assessed using the Brazilian version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS).

Comparison between Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI) and self-reported measures for diagnosing pain in conscious individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI), an objective measure of pain based on heart rate variability (HRV), has its usefulness in awake patients still unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess ANI's accuracy compared to self-reported pain measures in conscious individuals undergoing medical procedures or painful stimuli. PubMed, Ovid, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and grey literature were searched until March 2021.

Evaluating the agreement between children and their parents on dental pain in children using the self-reported method.

Background: Having preschool children evaluate their dental pain can provide an additional insight into pain diagnoses and improve patient-centered care. This study aimed to evaluate the agreement between self-reported dental pain by preschoolers and their parents' report (proxy measure).

Design: This cross-sectional study was conducted with children aged 4 to 6 years, and with one of their parents.

Amnesia after Midazolam and Ketamine Sedation in Children: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

The incidence of peri-procedural amnesia following procedural sedation in children is unclear and difficult to determine. This study aimed to apply quantitative and qualitative approaches to better understand amnesia following dental sedation of children. After Institutional Review Board Approval, children scheduled for sedation for dental procedures with oral midazolam (OM), oral midazolam and ketamine (OMK), or intranasal midazolam and ketamine (IMK) were recruited for examination of peri-procedural amnesia.

Is dental anxiety associated with the behavior of sedated children?

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate factors associated with dental anxiety in children treated under moderate sedation. Prior to treatment, each child's dental anxiety was evaluated using the modified Venham Picture Test (VPT). Interviews were also conducted with parents/guardians to gather information on the child's dental anxiety (Corah's Dental Anxiety Scale [DAS]), age and sex, shyness or anxiety in the presence of strangers, and dental history, as well as socioeconomic factors.

Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Compared to a Combination of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine with Ketamine for Sedation of Children Requiring Dental Treatment: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Outpatient pediatric sedation is challenging. This study aimed to test intranasal dexmedetomidine efficacy as a single drug or combined with ketamine (DK) to sedate children undergoing dental treatment. Children < 7 years were randomized into dexmedetomidine 2 mcg/kg and ketamine 1 mg/kg (DK) or dexmedetomidine 2.

Sedation versus protective stabilization for dental treatment of children with caries and challenging behavior at the dentist (CHOOSE): a study protocol for a non-randomized clinical trial.

Background: There is a lack of evidence on the effectiveness of moderate sedation in pediatric dentistry, compared to protective stabilization, which remains routinely used in Brazil despite moral questions. This prospective non-randomized clinical trial's objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of moderate sedation, compared to the protective stabilization, in the dental care of children with dental behavior management problems.

Methods: Participants will be 152 children under seven years of age with early childhood caries (ECC) who need specialized dental treatment due to a history of challenging behavior during dental care.

Risk communication in the context of clinical research.

Physicians and dentists usually make clinical decisions and recommendations without a clear understanding of the meaning of the numbers regarding the accuracy of diagnostic tests and the efficacy of treatments. This critical review aimed to identify problems in the communication of diagnostic test accuracy and treatment benefits and to suggest strategies to improve risk communication in these contexts. Most clinical decisions are taken under uncertainty.

Parents' satisfaction with paediatric dental treatment under sedation: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Patient-reported outcomes are under-investigated in the field of paediatric dental sedation.

Aim: To evaluate the satisfaction of parents/guardians with their children's dental sedation, compare it to the dentist's satisfaction, and identify associated factors.

Design: This study was performed with parents/guardians of young children treated under sedation and dentists.

Recommended procedures for the management of early childhood caries lesions - a scoping review by the Children Experiencing Dental Anxiety: Collaboration on Research and Education (CEDACORE).

Background: Early childhood caries (ECC) affects millions of children up to 6 years old. Its treatment positively impacts the quality of life of children and their families. However, there is no consensus on how to treat ECC.

A curriculum for behaviour and oral healthcare management for dentally anxious children-Recommendations from the Children Experiencing Dental Anxiety: Collaboration on Research and Education (CEDACORE).

Background: Dentists need training in the management of children's anxiety (DA), fear (DF) and behaviour management problems (DBMP) but little is known of their competence on this topic.

Aim: To report dentists' opinions and attitudes about protective stabilisation and pharmacological techniques for the management of children with DA/DF/DBMP; to propose a postgraduate curriculum focussing on DA/DF/DBMP.

Design: A survey of 301 Brazilian dentists and later a modified Delphi process to outline the curriculum in two phases: (a) face-to-face discussions with 33 early career researchers mentored by six researchers, both from UK and Brazil; (b) online discussions by eight early and senior researchers on the knowledge, experience, and competencies necessary for a specialist in paediatric dentistry in Brazil that should be included in the core curriculum of postgraduate courses.

Determinants of parental report of dental pain and discomfort in preschool children-The Dental Discomfort Questionnaire.

Background: Pain is a major consequence of caries, which negatively impacts the quality of life of children and their families.

Aim: To analyse the parental report of dental pain and discomfort in preschool children, and to identify clinical and sociodemographic factors associated.

Design: This cross-sectional study involved 375 four- and five-year-old preschoolers enrolled in the city of Campo Magro public school system, along with their parents and caregivers.

Crossover Studies of Pediatric Dental Sedation are Inappropriate.

Crossover studies continue to be published in spite of warnings about their inherent risks in relation to behavioral outcomes. This study took the opportunity of access to secondary data analysis in order to demonstrate the impact of a crossover design on the outcomes of randomized clinical trials aimed at the behavior of children during dental treatment. We evaluated the effect of the sequence of sedative administration, the sedative and the participant's age on the behavior of children undergoing two sequential dental visits.

Do preschoolers with adverse birth outcomes have more distress during dental examination?

Purpose: Studies assessing the influence of neonatal complications on children's dental behaviour are lacking. We aimed to investigate whether prematurity, birth weight, and history of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) hospitalisation are associated with distress during dental examination in children.

Methods: This preliminary longitudinal, retrospective study included 42 5- and 6-year-old children.

Randomized clinical trial on the efficacy of intranasal or oral ketamine-midazolam combinations compared to oral midazolam for outpatient pediatric sedation.

Purpose: The optimal sedative regime that provides the greatest comfort and the lowest risk for procedural sedation in young children remains to be determined. The aim of this randomized, blinded, controlled, parallel-design trial was to evaluate the efficacy of intranasal ketamine and midazolam as the main component of the behavioral guidance approach for preschoolers during dental treatment.

Materials And Methods: Children under seven years of age, with caries and non-cooperative behavior, were randomized into three groups: (KMIN) intranasal ketamine and midazolam; (KMO) oral ketamine and midazolam; or (MO) oral midazolam.

TRANSLATION, CROSS-CULTURAL ADAPTATION AND PRELIMINARY EVALUATION OF THE BRAZILIAN VERSIONOF THE PAIN CATASTROPHIZING SCALE-PARENTS.

Objective: In Brazil, there is no scale to assess parental catastrophizing about their child's pain. This study aimed to translate and cross-culturally adapt the Pain Catastrophizing Scale-Parents to the Brazilian Portuguese language, as well as to preliminarily evaluate its psychometric properties among parents/guardians of children with and without a toothache.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 237 parents/other relatives of 237 children.

Developmental defects of enamel in the deciduous incisors of infants born preterm: Prospective cohort.

Objective: Developmental defects of enamel (DDE) in preterm infants still require clarification and may favour dental caries, lower food intake and greater difficulty with weight-height gain. We evaluated factors associated with DDE in preterm infants.

Subjects And Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we monitored 54 prematurely born infants from birth to 24 months of age.

Caries severity declined besides persistent untreated primary teeth over a 22-year period: Trends among children in Goiânia, Brazil.

Background: Evidence of time trends in early childhood caries in low- and middle-income countries in the second decade of the year 2000 is scarce.

Aim: To assess the trends in early childhood caries prevalence and severity in 2- to 5-year-old children over a 22-year period (1993-2015) in Goiânia, Midwest Brazil. Additionally, we aimed to investigate the changes regarding affected dental arches and teeth.

Does Parental Anxiety, Coping, and Pain Catastrophizing Influence Child Behavior During Sedation?

Little is known about psychological factors associated with children's behavior during dental sedation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between parental dental anxiety, coping style, pain catastrophizing (an exaggerated negative response to pain), and children's behavior during dental treatment under moderate sedation. Participants included 110 pairs consisting of mothers, fathers, or grandmothers and healthy children (60 boys, 50 girls; mean age equals 47.