Sustained swimming and improvements in anti-oxidative stress responses in matrinxa (Brycon amazonicus) exposed to environmental nitrite.

Nitrite is usual in water of intensive rearing systems. Considering its oxidative harmful potential, it was selected to challenge matrinxa Brycon amazonicus reared in sustained swimming (SS) (with flowing water adjusted to speed at 1.0 BL seg (long-duration aerobic metabolic characteristic) and evaluate any beneficial effect of such rearing system to enhance the fish potential to cope with this oxidant stressor in fish farmings.

Visualization and Quantification of Rapid Chromosome Movements at Early Stages of Mouse Meiosis.

Telomere-led rapid chromosome movements (RPMs) are a conserved characteristic of chromosome dynamics in meiosis. RPMs have been suggested to influence critical meiotic functions such as DNA repair and the association of the homologous chromosomes. Here, we describe a method using 3D time-lapse fluorescence imaging to monitor RPMs in Hoechst-stained mouse seminiferous tubules explants.

Cytotoxicity evaluation of Chlorhexidine and Blue®M applied to a human gingival fibroblast (HGF-1) and keratinocytes (NOK-SI): In vitro study.

Chlorhexidine (CHX) is a prime choice to control the oral microbiota. However, it's a chemical agent leading to side effects such as teeth strains, taste disturbance, and desquamation of oral mucosa. Alternatively, the lactoferrin and oxygen-based Blue®M has been introduced as an alternative to the CHX, not disturbing tissue repair.

The IFIH1-A946T risk variant promotes diabetes in a sex-dependent manner.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease in which pancreatic islet β-cells are attacked by the immune system, resulting in insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia. One of the top non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) associated with T1D is in the interferon-induced helicase C domain-containing protein 1 (), which encodes an anti-viral cytosolic RNA sensor. This SNP results in an alanine to threonine substitution at amino acid 946 () and confers an increased risk for several autoimmune diseases, including T1D.

Up-regulation of TNF-alpha/NFkB/SIRT1 axis drives aggressiveness and cancer stem cells accumulation in chemoresistant oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Tumor resistance remains an obstacle to successfully treating oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Cisplatin is widely used as a cytotoxic drug to treat solid tumors, including advanced OSCC, but with low efficacy due to chemoresistance. Therefore, identifying the pathways that contribute to chemoresistance may show new possibilities for improving the treatment.

Inflammatory Cells Can Alter the Levels of H3K9ac and γH2AX in Dysplastic Cells and Favor Tumor Phenotype.

Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) are clinical presentations that carry an increased risk of cancer development. Currently, epithelial dysplasia grade is based on architectural and cytological epithelial changes and is used to predict the malignant transformation of these lesions. However, predicting which OPMD will progress to a malignant tumor is very challenging.

New Fungus-Resistant Grapevine and L. × Derivative Hybrids Display a Drought-Independent Response in Thiol Precursor Levels.

The use of new disease-resistant grapevine varieties is a long-term but promising solution to reduce chemical inputs in viticulture. However, little is known about water deficit effects on these varieties, notably regarding berry composition. The aim of this study was to characterize the primary metabolites and thiol precursors levels of 6 fungi-resistant varieties and Syrah.

Insulin Resistance and Its Association With Osteoporosis in People Living With HIV.

Background: Despite the gain in life expectancy that people living with HIV (PLHIV) have had in the past few years, the disease is accompanied by an increase in the prevalence of noninfectious chronic diseases. PLHIV have a higher prevalence of osteoporosis, fracture, diabetes mellitus, and insulin resistance than the general population. It is unknown if insulin resistance is associated with osteoporosis and fractures in PLHIV.

Epigenetic modifications control loss of adhesion and aggressiveness of cancer stem cells derived from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma with intrinsic resistance to cisplatin.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to investigate the epigenetic mechanisms and biological changes implicated in intrinsic and acquired resistance to cisplatin, a chemotherapy commonly used to treat head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Design: Intrinsic resistance (IR) was established in CAL-27 and acquired resistance (AR) in SCC-9 cell lines. Changes in the phenotype were evaluated by immunofluorescence, colony assay, invasion and spheres formation.

Pharmacological inhibition of HDAC6 overcomes cisplatin chemoresistance by targeting cancer stem cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Chemoresistance is associated with recurrence and metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The cancer stem cell (CSC) subpopulation is highly resistant to therapy, and they are regulated by epigenetic mechanisms. HDACs are histone deacetylase enzymes that epigenetically regulate gene expression.

Activity of Free and Liposomal Antimony Trioxide in the Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Cell Line NB4.

Background/aim: Antimony is a chemical element used in the therapy of parasitic diseases with a promising anticancer potential. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro activity of free or liposomal vesicle-packed antimony trioxide (AT or LAT) in the t(15;17)(q22;q21) translocation-positive acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cell line NB4.

Materials And Methods: Cytotoxicity was analysed with trypan blue exclusion, the MTT assay and neutral red exclusion assay; cell proliferation with PicoGreen; and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production with DCFDA.

The Combination of Gefitinib With ATRA and ATO Induces Myeloid Differentiation in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Resistant Cells.

In approximately 15% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), total and phosphorylated EGFR proteins have been reported to be increased compared to healthy CD34 samples. However, it is unclear if this subset of patients would benefit from EGFR signaling pharmacological inhibition. Pre-clinical studies on AML cells provided evidence on the pro-differentiation benefits of EGFR inhibitors when combined with ATRA or ATO .

Prepapillary Arterial Loop Associated with Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: A Case Report.

Purpose: To report a case of central retinal artery (CRA) occlusion secondary to prepapillary loop in a 13-year-old girl.

Methods: A 13-year-old girl presented with a history of sudden visual loss in her left eye.

Results: Fundus examination confirmed thrombosis in a prepapillary arterial loop causing CRA occlusion and extensive retinal ischemia.

Maxillary dentigerous cyst showing squamous odontogenic tumor-like proliferation: surgical approach and literature review.

Squamous odontogenic tumor (SOT) is a rare benign neoplasm of the jaw that likely arises from remnants of the dental lamina. It is a slow-growing lesion, with a radiolucent appearance in the central variant. Microscopically, SOT shows islands of squamous epithelium supported by fibrous stroma.

The role of CD68+ and CD163+ macrophages in immunopathogenesis of oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid lesions.

Macrophages are phagocytic cells with essential participation in immunological events of the oral cavity. However, the role of these cells in oral lichen planus (OLP) and oral lichenoid lesions (OLL) remains unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate the density of macrophages in OLP and OLL, and to compare it with that of oral inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (OIFH) (control group).

Sarcopenia and Its Association with Vertebral Fractures in People Living with HIV.

The prevalence of chronic diseases is increasing in people living with HIV (PLHIV) in the post ART era. Sarcopenia is prevalent in the elderly and is associated with many chronic diseases. Our study aimed to evaluate the frequency of sarcopenia in PLHIV and its association with bone mineral density and fracture.

SET protein modulates H4 histone methylation status and regulates miR-137 level in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Histone acetylation and methylation control gene expression. We investigated the impact of SET knockdown on histone methylation status and the consequences for the miRNAs levels in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). OSCC cells with and without SET knockdown were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR to determine miRNA levels, and by immunoreactions to histone modifications.

The antimetastatic activity of orlistat is accompanied by an antitumoral immune response in mouse melanoma.

Purpose: Fatty acid synthase (FASN), the multifunctional enzyme responsible for endogenous fatty acid synthesis, is highly expressed and associated with poor prognosis in several human cancers, including melanoma. Our group has previously shown that pharmacological inhibition of FASN with orlistat decreases proliferation, promotes apoptosis, and reduces the metastatic spread of B16-F10 cells in experimental models of melanoma. While most of the orlistat antitumor properties seem to be closely related to direct effects on malignant cells, its impact on the host immune system is still unknown.

Cryotherapy for localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia: preliminary findings on two cases.

Background: Localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia (LJSGH) is a distinct subtype of inflammatory gingival hyperplasia that shows lack of response to traditional periodontal treatment, and after surgical excision, recurrence rate of 6-16% has been reported.

Case Report: Two girls (11- and 9-year-old) with multifocal red patches along the maxillary and mandibular labial gingiva showed no regression of the lesions after basic periodontal treatment. Surgical excision of focal lesion in each case was performed, which showed typical features of LJSGH.

MicroRNA expression signatures in lungs of mice infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health concern worldwide; however the factors that account for resistance or susceptibility to disease are not completely understood. Although some studies suggest that the differential expression of miRNAs in peripheral blood of TB patients could be useful as biomarkers of active disease, their involvement during the inflammatory process in lungs of infected individuals is unknown. Here, we evaluated the global expression of miRNAs in the lungs of mice experimentally infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis on 30 and 60 days post-infection.

Novel microduplications at Xp11.22 including HUWE1: clinical and molecular insights into these genomic rearrangements associated with intellectual disability.

Recently, we defined a minimal overlapping region for causal Xp11.22 copy number gains in males with intellectual disability (ID), and identified HECT, UBA and WWE domain-containing protein-1 (HUWE1) as the primary dosage-sensitive gene, whose overexpression leads to ID. In the present study, we used this minimal interval to search for HUWE1 copy number variations by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in a large cohort of Brazilian males with idiopathic ID.

Obesity and Fractures in Postmenopausal Women: A Primary-care Cross-Sectional Study at Santa Maria, Brazil.

Obesity and osteoporosis are chronic disorders with increasing prevalence worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between obesity and fracture in postmenopausal women from Santa Maria, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was carried out at Santa Maria (parallel 29° south), Brazil.