Chagas disease stroke and associated risk factors: A case-control study.

Introduction: The intricate relationship between Chagas disease and ischemic stroke remains unclear. Limited evidence exists concerning secondary prophylaxis, etiological diagnosis, and stroke-related determinants. This study aims to discern factors linked to stroke in Chagas disease by contrasting patients with and without a history of ischemic stroke.

Longitudinal evolution of electroencephalogram (EEG): Findings over five years of follow-up in children with Zika-related microcephaly from the Microcephaly Epidemic Research Group Pediatric Cohort (2015-2020).

Objective: To assess the longitudinal evolution of EEG findings in children with Zika related-microcephaly (ZRM) and to evaluate the associations of these patterns with the children's clinical and neuroimaging characteristics.

Methods: As part of the follow-up of the Microcephaly Epidemic Research Group Pediatric Cohort (MERG-PC) in Recife, Brazil, we performed serial EEG recordings in a subgroup of children with ZRM to evaluate changes in background rhythms and epileptiform activity (EA). Latent class analysis was used to identify patterns in the evolution of EA over time; clinical and neuroimaging findings were compared across the identified groups.

Secondary stabbing headache associated with intracranial tumors, aneurysms, and arteriovenous malformation: An alarming warning sign.

Background: Stabbing headache (SH) is considered as a pure primary headache, but according to a few clinical observations it could also be secondary. Over the past decades, we have been observing the complaint of SH in patients with intracranial vascular and neoplastic lesions.

Objective: To describe a series of patients with intracranial lesions who experienced SH.

Early epilepsy in children with Zika-related microcephaly in a cohort in Recife, Brazil: Characteristics, electroencephalographic findings, and treatment response.

Objective: To estimate the incidence of epilepsy in children with Zika-related microcephaly in the first 24 months of life; to characterize the associated clinical and electrographic findings; and to summarize the treatment responses.

Methods: We followed a cohort of children, born during the 2015-2016 Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic in Brazil, with congenital microcephaly and evidence of congenital ZIKV infection on neuroimaging and/or laboratory testing. Neurological assessments were performed at ≤3, 6, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 months of life.

Factors Associated With In-Hospital Mortality in Very Elderly Patients With Ischemic Stroke: A Cohort Study.

Introduction: The highest mortality rates associated with ischemic stroke occur in patients of advanced age. However, studies of factors that establish the increase in hospital mortality are scanty in this population.

Material And Methods: Epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory data, etiology and ischemic stroke subtype and complications during hospitalization were analyzed in 195 patients aged 80 years or older.

Magnetic resonance imaging study cannot individually distinguish individuals with mild cognitive impairment, mild Alzheimer's disease, and normal aging.

Objective: To evaluate the volumetric and spectroscopy aspects of hippocampus in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods: A series of patients older than 65 years and with memory deficit were studied.

Results: The evocation of words test presented a significant reduction in the number of words recalled by the patients with MCI and mild AD as compared with the control group.

Thunderclap headache attributed to reversible cerebral vasoconstriction: view and review.

Thunderclap headache attributed to reversible cerebral vasoconstriction (THARCV) is a syndrome observed in a number of reported cases. In this article we reviewed this new headache entity (idiopathic form) using the clinical-radiological findings of 25 reported patients. In this series of patients 72% were women, the mean age at the onset of first headache episode was 39.

Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: clinical and neuropathologic findings of familial and sporadic forms.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical and hippocampal histological features of patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) in both familial (FMTLE) and sporadic (SMTLE) forms.

Methods: Patients with FMTLE (n = 20) and SMTLE (n = 39) who underwent surgical treatment for refractory seizures were studied at the University of São Paulo School of Medicine at Ribeirão Preto. FMTLE was defined when at least two individuals in a family had clinical diagnosis of MTLE.

Cluster headache and intracranial aneurysm.

In the present study we describe the cases of two patients with cluster-like headache related to intracranial carotid artery aneurysm. One of these patients responded to verapamil prescription with headache resolution. In both cases the surgical clipping of the aneurysm resolved the cluster pain.

Cluster headache attacks in a woman previously struck by lightning: pathophysiology of the latent period.

Background: Cases of patients who developed cluster headache-like symptoms after different putative causes have been reported, indicating a direct relationship between brain lesion and this particular type of headache. Long term, delayed, neurological sequelae after lightning have also been described.

Case Report: We describe the case of a woman who, at the age of 10, was struck by lightning.

Hemicrania continua secondary to an ipsilateral brainstem lesion.

We describe a 47-year-old woman with a 3-year history of a continuum mild-moderate right-side headache, with exacerbations, associated with stabbing volleys of pain on right orbit-temporal region (10/10) and right eye ptosis and lacrimation with conjunctival injection. The pain was completely abolished with indomethacin (100 mg per day). The diagnosis of hemicrania continua was made according to the International Headache Society (IHS) criteria.