Comparative study of dietary fat: lard and sugar as a better obesity and metabolic syndrome mice model.

Background: Diet macronutrient heterogeneity hinders animal studies' data extrapolation from metabolic disorders to human diseases.

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate different fat-diet compositions' effect on inducing lipid/glucose metabolism alterations in mice.

Methods: Swiss male mice were fed for 12 weeks with five different diets: Standard Diet (ST), American Institute of Nutrition 93 for growth (AIN93G) high-butter/high-sugar (HBHS), high-lard/high-sugar (HLHS), and high-oil/high-sugar diet (soybean oil) (HOHS).

Cloverleaf skull syndrome: case report.

The present report is aimed at describing a rare case of cranial malformation - cloverleaf skull syndrome -, whose presence was noticed after the birth of a child with signs of abnormality. Imaging diagnosis methods such as computed tomography and conventional radiography were used to characterize the syndrome.