Functional near-infrared spectroscopy and language development: An integrative review.

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) stands poised to revolutionize our understanding of auditory detection, speech perception, and language development in infants. In this study, we conducted a meticulous integrative review across Medline, Scopus, and LILACS databases, targeting investigations utilizing fNIRS to explore language-related features and cortical activation during auditory stimuli in typical infants. We included studies that used the NIRS technique to study language and cortical activation in response to auditory stimuli in typical infants between 0 and 3 years old.

Effects of Hearing Aid Use on Individuals Diagnosed with Hearing Loss and Dementia: A Systematic Review.

Background: The assumption that hearing rehabilitation could improve quality of life and reduce dementia risk in people with hearing loss is a subject that needs further studies, especially clinical trials. It is necessary to determine the effects of hearing aid use, as part of hearing rehabilitation, among people diagnosed with dementia.

Objective: To systematically review the literature to evaluate the effects of hearing aid use on cognition and quality of life of people with dementia.

Impaired auditory neural performance, another dimension of hearing loss in type-2 diabetes mellitus.

Aim: To evaluate auditory performance in subjects with poorly controlled type-2 diabetes mellitus, using a simple test battery assessing sensitivity to pure tones and neuronal function.

Methods: Enrolled subjects, aged between 23 and 79 years, reported several auditory dysfunctions. They were tested using pure-tone audiometry, otoacoustic emissions for cochlear-function evaluation, and measurement of middle-ear muscle-reflex thresholds in search of an auditory neuropathy.

Cognitive screening in HTLV-1-infected people using a self-perceived memory score and auditory P300.

The HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is the most common neurological manifestation associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) infection. Although cognitive impairment has been highlighted in the spectrum of HTLV-1 neurological manifestations, it may go unnoticed in those who do not spontaneously report it. We aimed at evaluating the applicability of a self-perceived memory score (SMS) and the cognitive event-related potential (P300) for early detection of cognitive impairment in HTLV-1-infected people.

Hearing brain evaluated using near-infrared spectroscopy in congenital toxoplasmosis.

Congenital toxoplasmosis (CT) is a known cause of hearing loss directly caused by Toxoplasma gondii. Hearing loss might result from sensory, neural, or sensorineural lesions. Early treated infants rarely develop hearing loss, but retinochoroidal lesions, intracranial calcifications and hydrocephalus are common.

Combined ocular and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential in individuals with vestibular hyporeflexia and in patients with Ménière's disease.

Introduction: The vestibular evoked myogenic potential is a potential of mean latency that measures the muscle response to auditory stimulation. This potential can be generated from the contraction of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and also from the contraction of extraocular muscles in response to high-intensity sounds. This study presents a combined or simultaneous technique of cervical and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential in individuals with changes in the vestibular system, for use in otoneurologic diagnosis.

Association between IgG subclasses against Toxoplasma gondii and clinical signs in newborns with congenital toxoplasmosis.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between clinical signs of congenital toxoplasmosis and IgG subclasses found in newborns participating in the Minas Gerais State Neonatal Screening Program.

Methods: Neonates with confirmed congenital toxoplasmosis underwent standardized ophthalmologic evaluation, neuroimaging studies and hearing assessment, as well as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay testing for total IgG and its subclasses (IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4) against soluble (STAg) and recombinant (rSAG1 and rMIC3) antigens of Toxoplasma gondii.

Results: Newborns with congenital toxoplasmosis but without ocular lesions were more likely to present anti-rMIC3 total IgG when compared with those newborns with active or cicatricial retinochoroidal lesions.

Congenital toxoplasmosis in southeastern Brazil: results of early ophthalmologic examination of a large cohort of neonates.

Objective: To report results of early ophthalmologic examinations in a large cohort of newborns with congenital toxoplasmosis (CT) after neonatal screening.

Design: Cross-sectional analysis of a cohort.

Participants: A total of 178 newborns with confirmed CT from 146,307 screened babies (95% of live births) from Minas Gerais state, southeastern Brazil.

Mismatch negativity contribution in multiple sclerosis patients.

Unlabelled: Mismatch Negativity is a functional index of the supratemporal auditory cortex.

Aim: The aim of the present study on Mismatch Negativity (MMN) in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients was to evaluate if the MMN can be correlated with cognitive deficits assessed by the Paced Auditory Addition Task--PASAT.

Method: a clinical study in forty females and 20 males separated in two groups: control individuals and those with a definite diagnosis of MS underwent a duration and frequency MMN.