Diagnosis of Alzheimer's dementia and vehicle driving restriction: a scoping review.

There are doubts about vehicle driving restriction for patients with Alzheimer's disease. A scoping review was carried out using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-ScR) methodology. Relevant databases were searched for articles published between 2000 and 2022 in English, Spanish, or Portuguese.

The efficacy and safety of zolpidem and zopiclone to treat insomnia in Alzheimer's disease: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

No prior studies have evaluated the efficacy and safety of zolpidem and zopiclone to treat insomnia of demented patients. This randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial used these drugs to treat patients with probable, late onset Alzheimer's dementia (AD) (DSM V and NINCDS-ADRDA criteria) exhibiting insomnia (DSM V criteria and nocturnal NPI scores ≥ 2). Actigraphic records were performed for 7 days at baseline and for 14 days during the treatment period in 62 patients aged 80.

Zopiclone to treat insomnia in older adults: A systematic review.

Considering the global increase in use of Z-drugs to treat insomnia, the study objective was to conduct a systematic review on the efficacy and safety of zopiclone to treat sleep disorders in older adults compared to other sedative-hypnotics, to placebo or to non-pharmacological interventions. The literature search for original reports - clinical trials, cohort studies and cross-sectional, observational investigations - was done in eleven databases and web search engines followed PRISMA guidelines, and methodological quality was assessed using the Risk of Bias tool in the Cochrane Reviewers' Handbook. The search resulted in 12 randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials along with 2 open studies and 2 observational reports.

More than a quarter century of the most prescribed sleeping pill: Systematic review of zolpidem use by older adults.

Zolpidem is widely used to treat insomnia of older adults despite that few randomized controlled studies were conducted in this group. We systematically reviewed the relevant literature on efficacy/effectiveness and safety of zolpidem use by elderly individuals in relevant databases completed with a manual search of key journals. Studies were required to include individuals aged ≥60 years under intervention with zolpidem compared to placebo or other hypnosedatives.

Mirtazapine does not improve sleep disorders in Alzheimer's disease: results from a double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to test the efficacy and safety of mirtazapine in the treatment of sleep disorders in patients with Alzheimer's disease by means of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Measurements were obtained for 7 days before intervention (baseline) and for 2 weeks after the onset of treatment.

Methods: Alzheimer's disease patients with sleep disorders (n = 24) received 15-mg mirtazapine (n = 8) or placebo (n = 16) once daily at 2100 hours for 2 weeks.

Circadian rhythm in Alzheimer disease after trazodone use.

A circadian rhythm is a cycle of approximately 24 h, responsible for many physiological adjustments, and ageing of the circadian clock contributes to cognitive decline. Rhythmicity is severely impaired in Alzheimer disease (AD) and few therapeutic attempts succeeded in improving sleep disorders in such context. This study evaluated sleep parameters by actigraphy in 30 AD patients before and after trazodone use for 2 weeks, and we show a significant improvement in relative rhythm amplitude (RRA), compatible with a more stable daytime behavioral pattern.

Trazodone improves sleep parameters in Alzheimer disease patients: a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled study.

Objectives: There are no randomized clinical trials regarding efficacy of trazodone in the treatment of sleep disturbances (SD) in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). We tested the efficacy and safety of trazodone to treat SD in patients with AD.

Design: We conducted a double-blind, randomized and controlled trial during periods of 7-9 days at baseline and 2 weeks of treatment.

Use of psychotropic medications by caregivers of elderly patients with dementia: is this a sign of caregiver burden?

This study evaluated the consumption of psychotropic medications by caregivers of elderly patients with or without dementia. This was a cross-sectional study conducted at all geriatric units in Brasília, Brazil, during a two-month period. Structured interviews were performed with 311 caregivers of people with or without dementia and they completed questionnaires.