Molecular quantitative assay for esterase-mediated organophosphate resistance in Rhipicephalus microplus.

The use of pesticides is the main tool to control infestations of the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus, and organophosphate (OP) is one of the most used compounds for this purpose. Carboxylesterases (ChEs) are targets for OP pesticides in arthropods, and acetylcholinesterase 2 (AChE) and esterase 1 (EST) are metabolic enzymes involved in the xenobiotic detoxification process. The increase in the synthesis of these enzymes can be detected by the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay, which was used to identify cattle tick populations resistant to OP pesticides.

Description of the larva of Amblyomma calcaratum Neumann, 1899 (Acari: Ixodidae) by light and scanning electron microscopy.

The larval stage of Amblyomma calcaratum Neumann is described using optical and scanning electron microscopy. Unfed larvae were obtained from a colony of A. calcaratum originating from engorged females collected on Tamandua tetradactyla in the Jaraguá Mountain (23°40'S, 45°44'W), São Paulo County, Brazil.

Babesia bovis infection in cattle in the southwestern Brazilian Amazon.

The present study provides the first epidemiological data on infection with Babesia bovis in cattle raised in the southwestern Brazilian Amazon. Blood clot samples were filtered through nylon cloth before being submitted to DNA extraction. PCR and nested-PCR were applied to assess the frequency of infection with B.

The anthelmintic effect of plant extracts on Haemonchus contortus and Strongyloides venezuelensis.

The indiscriminate use of anthelmintics has resulted in the establishment of parasite resistance. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antiparasitic effect of plant extracts on Haemonchus contortus in sheep and the in vivo effect on Strongyloides venezuelensis in Rattus norvegicus. The plant extracts from Piper tuberculatum, Lippia sidoides, Mentha piperita, Hura crepitans and Carapa guianensis, produced at different research institutions, were chemically analyzed and evaluated through the egg hatch test (EHT) and larval development test (LDT) in H.

Evaluation of the Efficacy of Acaricides Used to Control the Cattle Tick, Rhipicephalus microplus, in Dairy Herds Raised in the Brazilian Southwestern Amazon.

The adult immersion test (AIT) was used to evaluate the efficacy of acaricide molecules used for control of Rhipicephalus microplus on 106 populations collected in five municipalities in the state of Rondônia in the Brazilian South Occidental Amazon region. The analysis of the data showed that the acaricide formulations had different efficacies on the tick populations surveyed. The synthetic pyrethroids (SPs) acaricides were the least effective (48.

New tick records in Rondônia, Western Brazilian Amazon.

In the present study, we provide new tick records from Vilhena Municipality, in the Southeast of the State of Rondônia, Northern Brazil. Ticks collected from a capybara, Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (Linnaeus), were identified as Amblyomma romitii Tonelli-Rondelli (1 female), and Amblyomma sp. (1 larva).

Genotype characterization of the Haematobia irritans (Diptera: Muscidae) from Brazil, Dominican Republic and Colombia based on randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis.

Blood-sucking flies are important parasites in animal production systems, especially regarding confinement conditions. Haematobia irritans, the horn fly, is one of the most troublesome species within bovine production systems, due to the intense stress imposed to the animals. H.

[Reproductive behavior and longevity of isolated and grouped couples of Lucilia cuprina, under controlled conditions].

The Lucilia cuprina laboratory breeding depends, fundamentally, on reproductive behavior and longevity information. In the present study it was verified that, due to the species isolation, there was a remarkable increase in the number of eggs/female (1344.18), when compared to the number of grouped eggs/female (732.