Mice Mutated in the First Fibronectin Domain of Adhesion Molecule L1 Show Brain Malformations and Behavioral Abnormalities.

The X-chromosome-linked cell adhesion molecule L1 (L1CAM), a glycoprotein mainly expressed by neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems, has been implicated in many neural processes, including neuronal migration and survival, neuritogenesis, synapse formation, synaptic plasticity and regeneration. L1 consists of extracellular, transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains. Proteolytic cleavage of L1's extracellular and transmembrane domains by different proteases generates several L1 fragments with different functions.

CHL1 depletion affects dopamine receptor D2-dependent modulation of mouse behavior.

Introduction: The dopaminergic system plays a key role in the appropriate functioning of the central nervous system, where it is essential for emotional balance, arousal, reward, and motor control. The cell adhesion molecule close homolog of L1 (CHL1) contributes to dopaminergic system development, and CHL1 and the dopamine receptor D2 (D2R) are associated with mental disorders like schizophrenia, addiction, autism spectrum disorder and depression.

Methods: Here, we investigated how the interplay between CHL1 and D2R affects the behavior of young adult male and female wild-type (CHL+/+) and CHL1-deficient (CHL1-/-) mice, when D2R agonist quinpirole and antagonist sulpiride are applied.

Mice Mutated in the Third Fibronectin Domain of L1 Show Enhanced Hippocampal Neuronal Cell Death, Astrogliosis and Alterations in Behavior.

Adhesion molecules play major roles in cell proliferation, migration, survival, neurite outgrowth and synapse formation during nervous system development and in adulthood. The neural cell adhesion molecule L1 contributes to these functions during development and in synapse formation and synaptic plasticity after trauma in adulthood. Mutations of L1 in humans result in L1 syndrome, which is associated with mild-to-severe brain malformations and mental disabilities.

Multidisciplinary approach to restore esthetics and function in a young patient with three consecutive impacted teeth: a case report with 18-month follow-up.

This case report describes the orthodontic treatment of an 11-year-old patient with three maxillary impacted teeth on the right side. Cone-beam computed tomography showed that these teeth were close together, with the lateral incisor in a lower position, followed by the central incisor, and the canine in a more apical position. Treatment included applying traction to these teeth.

External apical root resorption after orthodontic treatment: analysis in different chronological periods.

Introduction: External apical root resorption (EARR) is characterized by the definitive loss of tooth root structure, with a higher incidence in lateral and central maxillary incisors.

Objective: To identify, in different chronological periods, the incidence of EARR in the maxillary incisors (MI) of patients orthodontically treated with or without premolars extraction.

Methods: Periapical radiographs before and after orthodontic treatment of 1,304 MIs from 326 patients (205 women and 121 men) were evaluated for EARR, divided into five groups, according to the chronological period in which treatments were started: G90) from 1990 to 1994, G95) from 1995 to 1999, G00) from 2000 to 2004, G05) from 2005 to 2009, G10) from 2010 to 2015.

[Dentoskeletal effects of the maxillary splint headgear in the early correction of Class II malocclusion].

Objective: To compare dentoskeletal changes produced by the maxillary splint headgear and cervical headgear appliance during the early phase of Class II treatment, specially the initial overjet and upper incisors position.

Subjects And Methods: In this retrospective study, 28 Class II patients treated with the maxillary splint headgear (maxillary splint headgear or MSG, mean age 10.1 ± 1.

Simple Echocardiographic Parameters are Strong Predictors of the Cardiovascular Risk in Asymptomatic Individuals: Elsa-Brasil Cohort.

Background: Several studies have evaluated echocardiographic abnormalities as predictors of cardiovascular risk; however, none have associated the global cardiovascular risk with echocardiographic abnormalities in the Brazilian population.

Objective: This study evaluates the association between the global cardiovascular risk (ASCVD score) and three echocardiographic abnormalities: left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD), and increased left atrium (LA) volume.

Methods: The study population was composed of participants from ELSA-Brasil who underwent echocardiography between 2008 and 2010 (n = 2973).

Reliability of a digital system for models measurements in BBO grading: A pilot study.

Introduction: Currently, no method is considered effective for the evaluation of digital models in the Certification Examination of the Brazilian Board of Orthodontics (BBO), considering the parameters of the currently used manual method.

Objective: Thus, the aim of this study is to verify the reliability of an evaluation method for digital models that could be used in the BBO exam, compared to the gold standard.

Methods: Measurements were performed by five previously calibrated examiners.

New highlights on effects of rapid palatal expansion on the skull base: a finite element analysis study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the rapid palatal expansion (RPE) on the pterygoid process (PP), spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS) and sella turcica (ST) in the skull of a patient with transversal maxillary collapse, and identify the distribution of mechanical stresses and displacement, by finite element analysis (FEA).

Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was employed to examine the skull of a patient in this study. The patient was a 13-year-old boy, with Class II skeletal relationship due to transverse atresia and maxillary protrusion.

Evaluation of Antiviral Activity of Cyclic Ketones against Mayaro Virus.

Mayaro virus (MAYV) is a neglected arthropod-borne virus found in the Americas. MAYV infection results in Mayaro fever, a non-lethal debilitating disease characterized by a strong inflammatory response affecting the joints and muscles. MAYV was once considered endemic to forested areas in Brazil but has managed to adapt and spread to urban regions using new vectors, such as , and has the potential to cause serious epidemics in the future.

Prognostic power of conventional echocardiography in individuals without history of cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Echocardiographic abnormalities are associated with a higher incidence of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate whether echocardiographic abnormalities are predictors of cardiovascular events in individuals without previous cardiovascular diseases. The PubMed, Scopus, and SciELO databases were searched for longitudinal studies investigating the association between echocardiographic abnormalities and cardiovascular events among individuals without known cardiovascular diseases.

Essential Oils in Experimental Models of Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review.

Background: Neural cells undergo functional or sensory loss due to neurological disorders. In addition to environmental or genetic factors, oxidative stress is a major contributor to neurodegeneration. In this context, there has been a growing interest in investigating the effects of EOs (EOs) in recent years, especially in the treatment of neuropathologies.

Acute MDPV Binge Paradigm on Mice Emotional Behavior and Glial Signature.

3,4-Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV), a widely available synthetic cathinone, is a popular substitute for classical controlled drugs of abuse, such as methamphetamine (METH). Although MDPV poses public health risks, its neuropharmacological profile remains poorly explored. This study aimed to provide evidence on that direction.

The effect of rapid maxillary expansion in children: a meta-analysis.

Introduction: Craniofacial growth is modified by chronic mouth breathing. Rapid maxillary expansion leads to separation of the mid-palatal suture, improving the occlusion and the upper airway size.

Aim: Systematically evaluate scientific articles on the effects of rapid maxillary expansion on airway dimensions and classify the quality of the evidence of the information.

Parametric evaluation of impedance curve in radiofrequency ablation: A quantitative description of the asymmetry and dynamic variation of impedance in bovine ex vivo model.

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a treatment for liver tumors with advantages over the traditional treatment of surgical resection. This procedure has the shortest recovery time in early stage tumors. The objective of this study is to parameterize the impedance curve of the RFA procedure in an ex vivo model by defining seven parameters (t1/2, tminimum, tend, Zinitial, Z1/2, Zminimum and Zend).

Caspofungin and Polymyxin B Reduce the Cell Viability and Total Biomass of Mixed Biofilms of Carbapenem-Resistant and spp.

and spp. are biofilm-forming pathogens commonly found colonizing medical devices, being mainly associated with pneumonia and bloodstream infections. The coinfection by these pathogens presents higher mortality rates when compared to those caused by a single microbial species.

Dentoskeletal effects of the maxillary splint headgear in the early correction of Class II malocclusion.

Background: To compare dentoskeletal changes produced by the maxillary splint headgear and cervical headgear appliance during the early phase of Class II treatment, specially the initial overjet and upper incisors position.

Subjects And Methods: In this retrospective study, 28 Class II patients treated with the maxillary splint headgear (MSG, mean age 10.1 ± 1.

Cell adhesion molecule close homolog of L1 binds to the dopamine receptor D2 and inhibits the internalization of its short isoform.

Cell adhesion molecule close homolog of L1 (CHL1) and the dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) are associated with psychiatric and mental disorders. We here show that DRD2 interacts with CHL1 in mouse brain, as evidenced by co-immunostaining, proximity ligation assay, co-immunoprecipitation, and pull-down assay with recombinant extracellular CHL1 domain fused to Fc (CHL1-Fc). Direct binding of CHL1-Fc to the first extracellular loop of DRD2 was shown by ELISA.

Predisposing factors for external apical root resorption associated with orthodontic treatment.

Objective: This study aimed to identify possible risk factors for external apical root resorption (EARR) in the maxillary incisors after orthodontic treatment.

Methods: The root length of 2,173 maxillary incisors was measured on periapical radiographs of 564 patients who received orthodontic treatment. The Kappa test was performed to evaluate intraexaminer and interexaminer reproducibility.

Animal model of arthritis and myositis induced by the Mayaro virus.

Background: The Mayaro virus (MAYV) is an endemic arbovirus in South American countries, where it is responsible for sporadic outbreaks of Mayaro fever. Clinical manifestations include fever, headache, ocular pain, rash, myalgia, and debilitating and persistent polyarthralgia. Understanding the mechanisms associated with MAYV-induced arthritis is of great importance due to the potential for its emergence, urbanization and dispersion to other regions.

Astragaloside IV Supplementation Promotes A Neuroprotective Effect in Experimental Models of Neurological Disorders: A Systematic Review.

Background: Neurological disorders constitute a growing worldwide concern due to the progressive aging of the population and the risky behavior they represent. Herbal medicines have scientific relevance in the treatment of these pathologies. One of these substances, Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), is the main active compound present in the root of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.

Three-dimensional evaluation of mandibular anterior dental crowding in digital dental casts.

Introduction:: Digital dental models provide a more accurate and comprehensive assessment of orthodontic cases. Although this technique is quite promising, there are few three-dimensional measurements methods described in the literature.

Objective:: The aim of this study was to propose a method for assessing the degree of mandibular anterior dental crowding in the three planes of space, using digital dental models.

Radiographic Findings in Patients with Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw.

A retrospective study was conducted of the records and panoramic radiographs of 35 patients treated with bisphosphonates (BP) and diagnosed with MRONJ. Panoramic radiography was used for evaluation, by two examiners, the following findings were subject of search: osteolysis (OT), cortical bone erosion (EC), bone sclerosis focal (FS) and diffuse (DS), bone sequestration (BS), thickening of lamina dura (TD), prominence of the inferior alveolar nerve canal (IAN), persisting alveolar sockets (SK), and the presence of a pathological fracture (PF). Medical information and staging were also recorded in order to correlate with radiographic findings.

Aging and wave-component latency delays in oVEMP and cVEMP: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Introduction: The natural aging process may result in morphological changes in the vestibular system and in the afferent neural pathway, including loss of hair cells, decreased numbers of vestibular nerve cells, and loss of neurons in the vestibular nucleus. Thus, with advancing age, there should be a decrease in amplitudes and an increase in latencies of the vestibular evoked myogenic potentials, especially the prolongation of p13 latency. Moreover, many investigations have found no significant differences in latencies with advancing age.

Frequency of orthodontic extraction.

Introduction: The option of dental extraction for orthodontic purposes has been debated for more than 100 years, including periods when it was widely used in treatment, including the present, during which other methods are used to avoid dental extractions. The objective was to analyze the frequency of tooth extraction treatment performed between 1980 and 2011 at the Orthodontic Clinic of Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ).

Material And Methods: The clinical records of 1484 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment were evaluated.