Phylogenetic analyses reveal insights into interdomain horizontal gene transfer of microbial lipases.

Microbial lipases play a pivotal role in a wide range of biotechnological processes and in the human skin microbiome. However, their evolution remains poorly understood. Accessing the evolutionary process of lipases could contribute to future applications in health and biotechnology.

Oral Postbiotics as a Therapeutic Strategy for Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent chronic skin disease affecting all age groups. The connection with the gut microbiome led to oral probiotics as a therapeutic strategy. However, being viable microorganisms, probiotics might present risks.

Ketoconazole beyond antifungal activity: Bioinformatics-based hypothesis on lipid metabolism in dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis.

The role of Malassezia yeasts in dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis is unclear; however, antifungal therapy with ketoconazole is commonly used. We propose that ketoconazole shifts skin lipid profile, affects Malassezia lipid metabolism and favours biotin-producing bacteria. Biotin regulates inflammatory response and cell proliferation, contributing to symptom improvement.

New perspectives on dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis: lessons we learned from bacterial and fungal skin microbiota.

The human body is inhabited by complex microbial communities, which positively impact different aspects of our health, and might also be related to the development of diseases. Progress in technologies, particularly sequencing methods and bioinformatics tools, has been crucial for the advances in this field. Microbial communities from skin can modulate immune response and protect the host against pathogens, and there are also data supporting their association with several skin conditions; including dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis.

Malassezia intra-specific diversity and potentially new species in the skin microbiota from Brazilian healthy subjects and seborrheic dermatitis patients.

Malassezia yeasts are part of the resident cutaneous microbiota, and are also associated with skin diseases such as seborrheic dermatitis (SD). The role these fungi play in skin diseases and why they are pathogenic for only some individuals remain unclear. This study aimed to characterize Malassezia microbiota from different body sites in healthy and SD subjects from Brazil.

Effects of Plasmodium berghei on thymus: high levels of apoptosis and premature egress of CD4(+)CD8(+) thymocytes in experimentally infected mice.

We have previously showed alterations in the thymus during experimental infection with Plasmodium berghei, the causative agent of Malaria. Such alterations comprised histological changes with loss of delimitation between cortical and medullar regions, a profound atrophy with depletion of CD4(+)CD8(+) double-positive (DP) thymocytes, and severe changes in the expression of cell migration-related molecules, belonging to the extracellular matrix and chemokine protein families. Taken together, these considerations prompted us to evaluate if the acute thymic atrophy observed during Plasmodium infection was correlated with increased apoptotic levels of thymocytes or with their premature emigration to the periphery.

Effect of HeNe laser irradiation on extracellular matrix deposition and expression of cytokines and chemokines in paracoccidioidomycotic lesions.

Paracoccidioidomycosis is the most prevalent human mycosis in Latin America. Cutaneous lesions are extremely painful and sensitive, and current treatment with antifungal drugs is lengthy and may cause side effects to patients. In this perspective, the helium-neon (HeNe) laser emerges as a novel therapy form due to its ability to heal wounds without changing cell function.

Differential gene expression in response to copper in Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans analyzed by RNA arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction.

Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is a chemoautotrophic bacterium that plays an important role in metal bioleaching processes. Despite the high level of tolerance to heavy metals shown by A. ferrooxidans, the genetic basis of copper resistance in this species remains unknown.