Geographic isolation alone does not explain divergence of a group of orchid species across Brazil's campos rupestres sky-islandsIsolamento geográfico por si só não explica a divergência de um grupo de espécies de orquídeas nos campos rupestres do Brasil.

Mountains play a crucial role in the origin and maintenance of Neotropical biodiversity, but there are still unanswered questions about the diversification of the campos rupestres (CR), an herbaceous-shrubby sky-island vegetation in eastern South America. For orchids distributed across this disjunct rock habitat, difficulties with distinguishing morphological taxa add an additional challenge to disentangling the history of divergence. Here, we combined the power of ddRAD genomic data with broad sampling of Bulbophyllum sect.

Seroprevalence, Prevalence, and Genomic Surveillance: Monitoring the Initial Phases of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic in Betim, Brazil.

The COVID-19 pandemic has created an unprecedented need for epidemiological monitoring using diverse strategies. We conducted a project combining prevalence, seroprevalence, and genomic surveillance approaches to describe the initial pandemic stages in Betim City, Brazil. We collected 3239 subjects in a population-based age-, sex- and neighborhood-stratified, household, prospective; cross-sectional study divided into three surveys 21 days apart sampling the same geographical area.

Evolution and epidemic spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Brazil.

Brazil currently has one of the fastest-growing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemics in the world. Because of limited available data, assessments of the impact of nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on this virus spread remain challenging. Using a mobility-driven transmission model, we show that NPIs reduced the reproduction number from >3 to 1 to 1.

Combining genotype, phenotype, and environmental data to delineate site-adjusted provenance strategies for ecological restoration.

Despite the importance of climate-adjusted provenancing to mitigate the effects of environmental change, climatic considerations alone are insufficient when restoring highly degraded sites. Here we propose a comprehensive landscape genomic approach to assist the restoration of moderately disturbed and highly degraded sites. To illustrate it we employ genomic data sets comprising thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms from two plant species suitable for the restoration of iron-rich Amazonian Savannas.

Range-wide neutral and adaptive genetic structure of an endemic herb from Amazonian Savannas.

Conserving genetic diversity in rare and narrowly distributed endemic species is essential to maintain their evolutionary potential and minimize extinction risk under future environmental change. In this study we assess neutral and adaptive genetic structure and genetic diversity in (Melastomataceae), an endemic herb from Amazonian Savannas. Using RAD sequencing we identified a total of 9365 SNPs in 150 individuals collected across the species' entire distribution range.

Chloroplast genomes of Byrsonima species (Malpighiaceae): comparative analysis and screening of high divergence sequences.

Byrsonima is the third largest genus (about 200 species) in the Malpighiaceae family, and one of the most common in Brazilian savannas. However, there is no molecular phylogeny available for the genus and taxonomic uncertainties at the generic and family level still remain. Herein, we sequenced the complete chloroplast genome of B.