Frailty and social network among older Brazilian adults: evidence from ELSI-Brazil.

To investigate the elements of the social network associated with frailty syndrome in older Brazilian adults. Baseline data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil, 2015-2016) were used. Frailty was defined by the Fried phenotype (unintentional weight loss, exhaustion, weakness, slowness, and low level of physical activity).

Age at natural menopause and its associated characteristics among Brazilian women: cross-sectional results from ELSI-Brazil.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the median age at natural menopause and analyze lifestyle, anthropometric, and dietary characteristics associated with the age at natural menopause among Brazilian women.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 2,731 women 50 years and over, drawn from the baseline of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil, 2015/16). Nonparametric Kaplan-Meier cumulative survivorship estimates were used to assess the median timing of natural menopause.

Differences in determinants of active aging between older Brazilian and English adults: ELSI-Brazil and ELSA.

This study aimed to investigate differences in determinants of active aging between older Brazilian and English adults and to verify the association of behavioral, personal, and social determinants with physical health. This cross-sectional study was based on the ELSI-Brazil (2015-2016) and ELSA (2016-2017) cohorts. Active aging determinants included behavior (smoking, sedentary lifestyle, and poor sleep quality), personal (cognitive function and life satisfaction), and social determinants (education, loneliness, and volunteering), according to the World Health Organization.

Home-based gait speed and the association with sociodemographic and anthropometric variables: A national study (ELSI-Brazil).

Objectives: To investigate home-based gait speed performance for men and women stratified by age group and its associations with sociodemographic and anthropometric variables.

Methods: Data from the 2 wave of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil, 2019-2021) were used. Gait speed was tested twice at home over 3.

A decreased trajectory of loneliness among Brazilians aged 50 years and older during the COVID-19 pandemic: ELSI-Brazil.

This study aimed to estimate prevalence of loneliness among older Brazilian adults over the first seven months of the COVID-19 pandemic and to identify the predictors of loneliness trajectories. Pre-pandemic data derived from face-to-face interviews of participants of the 2019-2020 Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil), which is a nationally representative study of community-dwelling individuals aged 50 years and over. Pandemic data were based on three rounds of telephone interviews among those participants, conducted from May to October 2020.

[Discrimination perceived by elderly adults in the use of health services: an integrative review].

This paper analyzes the current evidence on discrimination perceived by elderly adults (> 50 years) in the use of health services and identifies factors associated with this discriminatory experience. It involved an integrative literature review, carried out on the Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, CINAHL, Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science search websites, in June/2021. The key words used were social discrimination or ageism; middle-aged, or aged 80 and over or elderly; health services or health services for the elderly, including synonyms, in Portuguese, English, and Spanish.

Factors associated with lifestyle deterioration during the COVID-19 pandemic among Brazilian lesbians, gays, bisexuals, transsexuals, transvestites and related identities: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To verify factors associated with deteriorating lifestyle during the COVID-19 pandemic, including physical activity, cigarette and alcohol intake in lesbians, gays, bisexuals, transsexuals, transvestites and people with related identities (LGBT+).

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with individuals aged ≥18 years. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).

From wet nurses to orphaned mothers: reflections on the right to maternity in Brazil.

This article addresses the compulsory seizing of children from vulnerable women in Brazil. Its objectives were: to discuss the violation of the right to maternity; to present the imposed restrictions especially on poor, black and indigenous women; the strategic control over their lives and children, and the resistance movements that oppose segregation. The sources of the research were: narratives of women in vulnerable situations, family members and health workers; interviews with strategic actors; document analysis; field journal.

Loneliness and social disconnectedness in the time of pandemic period among Brazilians: evidence from the ELSI COVID-19 initiative.

This study aimed at estimating the pre-pandemic and pandemic prevalence of loneliness and investigating the association of loneliness with social disconnectedness during social distancing strategies in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic period. We used data from the ELSI COVID-19 initiative with participants from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil), which comprised 4,431 participants aged 50 years and over. Loneliness (hardly ever/some of the time/often) was assessed by the question "In the past 30 days, how often did you feel alone/lonely?".

Relationship between work before the epidemic and having gone out to work during the epidemic among participants in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging: results of the ELSI-COVID-19 initiative.

The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence of going out to work during the COVID-19 epidemic, and the factors associated with this, among adults aged 50 years and over who were in paid employment before its onset. We used data from the second wave of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil), conducted through face-to-face interviews between August 2019 and March 2020 (before the onset of the epidemic), in a representative national sample of adults aged 50 and over, and data obtained through telephone interviews carried out among the same participants (ELSI-COVID-19 initiative), conducted between May 26 and June 8, 2020 (during the epidemic). The analyses were based on odds ratios (OR) estimated by logistic regression.

Perceived Neighborhood and Walking Among Older Brazilian Adults Living in Urban Areas: A National Study (ELSI-Brazil).

The study goal was to examine the association between perceived neighborhood characteristics and walking in urban older adults in Brazil. A cross-sectional study including 4,027 older adults from the baseline of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil) was performed. Walking was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire.

Perceived neighborhood and fall history among community-dwelling older adults living in a large Brazilian urban area: a multilevel approach.

Few studies have examined the neighborhood features related to falls in the older population in low-and-middle-income countries, including Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate if perceived neighborhood features are related to falls among older Brazilian adults living in a large urban area. This cross-sectional study was conducted using data from 834 participants (≥60 years) from a multistage household survey in Belo Horizonte, Brazil.

Perceived discrimination among older adults living in urban and rural areas in Brazil: a national study (ELSI-Brazil).

Background: Research on discrimination and health focused on older adults has been scarce, comparatively with younger and middle-aged adults. Considering where people live matters, accurate measures of perceived discrimination might consider how the place of residence interferes on discriminatory experiences. This study aimed to assess the association between perceived discrimination and urban/rural place of residence among a representative sample of older adults in Brazil.

Relationship Between Adherence to Individual Goals Within the 5-2-1-0 Guidelines for Obesity Prevention and Number of PACER Laps in Adolescents.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between adolescents' adherence to the 5-2-1-0 goals and the number of completed Progressive Cardiovascular Endurance Run (PACER) laps.

Methods: Participants included 1792 students aged 10 to 16 years who were randomly selected across 9 data collection periods between 2012 and 2014. The Survey of Physical Activity and Nutrition was used to measure time spent in physical activity and sedentary behavior, and dietary intake and the dependent variable was the number of PACER laps achieved.

Social Inequalities on Selected Determinants of Active Aging and Health Status Indicators in a Large Brazilian City (2003-2010).

Objective: To assess trends in social inequalities among 2,624 elderly living in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, in three domains of the World Health Organization's Active Aging model (physical environment, social determinants, use of health services) and health status indicators.

Method: Data came from two representative household surveys conducted in 2003 and 2010. Social inequality was measured by the slope and the relative index of inequality.

Transgenerational transmission of trauma and resilience: a qualitative study with Brazilian offspring of Holocaust survivors.

Background: Over the past five decades, clinicians and researchers have debated the impact of the Holocaust on the children of its survivors. The transgenerational transmission of trauma has been explored in more than 500 articles, which have failed to reach reliable conclusions that could be generalized. The psychiatric literature shows mixed findings regarding this subject: many clinical studies reported psychopathological findings related to transgenerational transmission of trauma and some empirical research has found no evidence of this phenomenon in offspring of Holocaust survivors.

[Intra-urban differences in vulnerability among the elderly population].

This study examined the adequacy of a health vulnerability index (HVI) for identifying intra-urban differences in vulnerability in the elderly population. Study participants (n = 1,055) were selected by probabilistic sampling of residents in the city of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, aged 60 years or older (mean = 70.1 years).

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to assess the efficacy of topiramate in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder.

Background: Topiramate might be effective in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) because of its antikindling effect and its action in both inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters. Open-label studies and few controlled trials have suggested that this anticonvulsant may have therapeutic potential in PTSD. This 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial will compare the efficacy of topiramate with placebo and study the tolerability of topiramate in the treatment of PTSD.

The importance of the concepts of disaster, catastrophe, violence, trauma and barbarism in defining posttraumatic stress disorder in clinical practice.

Background: Several terms in the scientific literature about posttraumatic stress disorder are used with different meanings in studies conducted by different authors. Words such as trauma, violence, catastrophe, disaster and barbarism are often used vaguely or confusingly, and their meanings change in different articles. The lack of conceptual references for these expressions complicates the organization of literature.

Clinical and histopathological features of NASH in workers exposed to chemicals with or without associated metabolic conditions.

Background/aims: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has been associated with exposure to chemicals among workers from an industrial complex in Brazil. We investigated the NASH profile of these individuals associated or not with metabolic conditions.

Methods: Eighty-four patients with NASH were classified into three groups: G1, 31 patients exposed to chemicals (benzene, xylene, vinyl chloride and others); G2, 30 exposed patients who also presented with obesity, hyperlipidemia and diabetes; and G3, 23 non-exposed patients who presented with metabolic conditions.