Photobiomodulation in post menopause genitourinary syndrome-Study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical protocol.

Introduction: Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM) defines a set of symptoms associated with an estrogen deficit involving alterations in organs genitourinary and that results in several urinary, genital, and sexual alterations. Brazilian women live about a third of their life after menopause, where hormonal changes occur along with clinical manifestations, characterized by vaginal and vulvar dryness, burning sensation, discomfort, vulvovaginal irritation, lack of lubrication, dyspareunia and urinary incontinence. Fractionated photothermolysis and radiofrequency systems, alone or in combination were tested to improve GSM.

Association of 5-aminolevulinic acid fluorescence guided resection with photodynamic therapy in recurrent glioblastoma: a matched cohort study.

Purpose: Glioblastoma is a malignant and aggressive brain tumour that, although there have been improvements in the first line treatment, there is still no consensus regarding the best standard of care (SOC) upon its inevitable recurrence. There are novel adjuvant therapies that aim to improve local disease control. Nowadays, the association of intraoperative photodynamic therapy (PDT) immediately after a 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) fluorescence-guided resection (FGR) in malignant gliomas surgery has emerged as a potential and feasible strategy to increase the extent of safe resection and destroy residual tumour in the surgical cavity borders, respectively.

Long-term effects of photobiomodulation therapy on blood pressure in obese rats induced by a high-fat diet.

The main cardiovascular disease risk associated with obesity is hypertension. The therapeutic use of photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) is suggested for the treatment of wound healing, osteoarthritis, and arterial diseases. However, few studies have measured how red laser (at 660 nm) acts over hypertension, and any of those studies used experimental obesity model.

Efficacy of photobiomodulation in the treatment of oral mucositis in patients undergoing antineoplastic therapy: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of photobiomodulation in the treatment of oral mucositis.

Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis encompassing in the electronic databases: LILACS, MEDLINE, EMBASE, COCHRANE, SCOPUS, WEB OF SCIENCE, and CINAHL and in http://clinicaltrials.gov .

Systemic and local inflammatory response after implantation of biomaterial in critical bone injuries.

Purpose: To evaluate inflammatory response in critical bone injuries after implantation of the biomaterial composed of hydroxyapatite (HA)/poly (lactic-coglycolic acid) (PLGA)/BLEED.

Methods: Forty-eight male Wistar rats (280 ± 20 grams) were divided into two groups: control group (CG), in which the animals do not receive any type of treatment; and biomaterial group (BG), in which the animals received the HA/PLGA/BLEED scaffold. Critical bone injury was induced in the medial region of the skull calotte with the aid of a trephine drill 8 mm in diameter.

Fast inactivation of coronavirus in filtering-facepiece respirators in a reflective cylindrical UV-C chamber.

Objective: We report on the development and characterization of a UV-C (λ  =  200 - 280 nm, λ = 254 nm) chamber designed for the rapid disinfection of N95 class filtering-facepiece respirators contaminated with SARS-CoV-2 coronaviruses. The device was evaluated against strain MHV-3 and its virucidal capacity was evaluated as a function of different applied UV-C doses (UV-C exposure times of 60 s, 120 s, 180 s, and 240 s) using two types of respirators geometry (shell and two-panel shapes, 3M 8801 H and 9920 H, respectively), at eight points of the respirators.

Background: Most chemical disinfection methods are not recommended for N95 masks.

Nitric oxide storage levels modulate vasodilation and the hypotensive effect induced by photobiomodulation using an aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs) diode laser (660 nm).

The aim of this study was to evaluate the participation of nitric oxide (NO) in the hypotensive and vasorelaxation effect induced by PBM using an aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs) diode laser (660 nm). Male Wistar rats were treated with the inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (L-NAME). A red laser (660 nm; 63 J/cm; 56 s/point) was applied to the abdominal region at six different points.

Prompt Inactivation of Coronavirus Using a 280 nm Light-Emitting Diode Cluster Device.

We report on the development and characterization of a UV-C light-emitting diode (LED) 280 nm cluster prototype device designed for the rapid disinfection of SARS-CoV-2 coronaviruses. The device was evaluated against the Betacoronavirus mouse hepatitis virus-3 strain, and its virucidal capacity was probed as a function of different applied UV-C doses versus different situations concerning irradiation distances. UV-C LEDs are light emitters that offer advantages over low-pressure mercury lamps, such as quasimonochromaticity, lower electrical power consumption, instant on/off with the instant full-power operation, unlimited on/off cycles for disinfection schemes, and a much longer lifetime operation, in addition to portability aspects, as well as UV-C LEDs do not contain heavy metal in its composition such as mercury, found in ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) lamps.

Comparison of two different biomaterials in the bone regeneration (15, 30 and 60 days) of critical defects in rats.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare two types of different scaffolds in critical bone defects in rats.

Methods: Seventy male Wistar rats (280 ± 20 grams) divided into three groups: control group (CG), untreated animals; biomaterial group 1 (BG1), animals that received the scaffold implanted hydroxyapatite (HA)/poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA); and biomaterial group 2 (BG2), animals that received the scaffolds HA/PLGA/Bleed. The critical bone defect was induced in the medial region of the skull calotte with the aid of an 8-mm-diameter trephine drill.

Violet LED induces vasodilation in rat aortic rings by soluble guanylate cyclase-dependent mechanism and increases SOD activity.

We found several studies that have used the aortic rings as an experimental model, mainly for the testing of new drugs or new therapies that try to reverse or prevent endothelial dysfunction or characterize its mechanism of action in a biological system, creating the knowledge necessary to obtain the treatment of those several diseases, where many of these treatments involve photobiomodulation therapies. We also found numerous wavelengths represented by different colors of LASER or LED in which frequently, the mechanism of action in biological systems is unknown. This study has as main objective to investigate the effects of the Violet LED Light (405 nm) by using isolated aortic rings, looking for nitric oxide (NO) release, and evaluating if Violet LED Light can modulate the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity.

In vitro evaluation of physical and chemical parameters involved in aPDT of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.

Periodontitis is an infectious disease characterized by the destruction of supporting tissues. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been proposed as an improved method for eliminating microorganisms. Its efficiency depends on the correct use of physical and chemical parameters.

Photobiomodulation and bacterial cellulose membrane in the treatment of third-degree burns in rats.

Burns are injuries caused mainly by thermal trauma, which can progress to unsatisfactory results healing. This study aimed to evaluate the biomaterial (bacterial cellulose membrane) and photobiomodulation, exclusively and associated, in the treatment of third degree burns in rats. Forty male Wistar rats (±280 g) were randomly divided into four groups, with 10 animals each: control group (CG); bacterial cellulose membrane group (MG); laser group (LG) and bacterial cellulose membrane and laser group (MG + L).

Bacterial cellulose membrane used as biological dressings on third-degree burns in rats.

Introduction: Burn injuries represent a high risk of morbidity and mortality. The wound healing process is complex and requires the participation of different types of cells. Therefore, new biomaterials, which innovate the wound healing process, are being investigated.

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Background: Introduction of the endovenous laser technique for treatment of varicose veins triggered a efforts to identify an ideal wavelength, capable of producing the highest possible selective damage with the greatest safety and lowest incidence of adverse effects.

Objectives: Assess medium to long term results of 1940nm diode laser treatment of varicose veins, correlating parameters used with durability of the anatomic outcome.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with Chronic Venous Insufficiency at clinical stages CEAP C2 to C6 who underwent thermoablative treatment of trunk varicose veins using a 1940nm wavelength laser with a radial emission optical fiber, from April 2012 to July 2015.

Descriptive Analysis of In Vitro Cutting of Swine Mitral Cusps: Comparison of High-Power Laser and Scalpel Blade Cutting Techniques.

Background And Objectives: The most common injury to the heart valve with rheumatic involvement is mitral stenosis, which is the reason for a big number of cardiac operations in Brazil. Commissurotomy is the traditional technique that is still widely used for this condition, although late postoperative restenosis is concerning. This study's purpose was to compare the histological findings of porcine cusp mitral valves treated in vitro with commissurotomy with a scalpel blade to those treated with high-power laser (HPL) cutting, using appropriate staining techniques.

The use of a high-power laser on swine mitral valve chordae tendineae.

Worldwide, rheumatic fever remains a significant cause of mitral valve insufficiency. It is responsible for approximately 90 % of early childhood valvular surgeries in Brazil. Elongated or flail chordae are frequently responsible and require surgical correction.

Comparative effects of two different doses of low-level laser therapy on wound healing third-degree burns in rats.

Burns are injuries caused by direct or indirect contact to chemical, physical, or biological agents. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is a promising treatment since it is low-cost, non-invasive, and induces cell proliferation. This study aimed to investigate the effects of LLLT (660 nm) at two different fluences (12.

Application of a 980-nanometer diode laser in neuroendoscopy: a case series.

Objective: Ventricular neuroendoscopy represents an important advance in the treatment of hydrocephalus. High-power (surgical) Nd:YAG laser and low-level laser therapy (using 685-nm-wavelength diode laser) have been used in conjunction with neuroendoscopy with favorable results. This study evaluated the use of surgical 980-nm-wavelength diode laser for the neuroendoscopic treatment of ventricular diseases.

Hydroxyapatite bioactivated bacterial cellulose promotes osteoblast growth and the formation of bone nodules.

The goal of this study was to investigate the feasibility of bacterial cellulose (BC) scaffold to support osteoblast growth and bone formation. BC was produced by culturing Acetobacter xylinum supplemented with hydroxyapatite (HA) to form BC membranes (without HA) and BC/HA membranes. Membranes were subjected to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis to determine surface element composition.

Prevention and treatment of mice paw edema by near-infrared low-level laser therapy on lymph nodes.

Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been demonstrated to modulate inflammatory processes and immunological responses. The aim of this work was to investigate the hypothesis that near infrared LLLT (830 nm) over lymph nodes may reduce paw edema and contribute to the modulation of inflammation. The edema was induced by carrageenan inoculation (CGN) into the plantar surface of 100 male mice left hind paw.

Low-level laser therapy on the treatment of oral and cutaneous pemphigus vulgaris: case report.

Pemphigus vulgaris is a chronic autoimmune mucocutaneous disease that initially is manifested by painful intraoral erosions and ulcers which spread to other mucosa and the skin, generally more than 5 months after oral lesion manifestation. The treatment consists of prednisone alone or in combination with an immunosuppressive agent, and the clinical response is perceived within 2 to 4 weeks. Low-level laser therapy has been effective in accelerating the healing of injured tissue, thus inducing cell proliferation and increasing ATP, nucleic acid, and collagen synthesis.

Low-level laser therapy for the treatment of epidermolysis bullosa: a case report.

Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a rare group of diseases characterized by skin fragility. There is no specific treatment, short of protection from trauma, currently available for these patients. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) was effective as an analgesic and in accelerating cutaneous wound healing after six sessions of therapy in a child with dystrophic EB with cutaneous scarring and blisters on the limbs and trunk.

Low-level laser therapy in the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in young patients.

Objective: A pilot clinical study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy (CT)-induced oral mucositis (OM) in young patients.

Background Data: Besides compromising the patient's nutrition and well-being, oral mucositis represents a portal of entry into the body for microorganisms present in the mouth, which may lead to sepsis if there is hematological involvement. Oncologic treatment tolerance decreases and systemic complications may arise that interfere with the success of cancer treatment.