The Pre-1D Lesion of the TFCC-A New Variant of the Palmer 1D Class.

The triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) is the most important stabilizer of the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ). Its injury is the main cause for ulnar sided pain after wrist trauma. In recent years, advancements of wrist arthroscopy improved the diagnostics and treatment of the TFCC tears.

Arthroscopic Assisted Treatment of Combined Trapezium and Bennett Fracture-Dislocation.

Trapezium fractures are unusual; however, they represent the third most frequent fracture of the carpal bones. As they usually follow a high-energy trauma, they are associated with distal radius, Bennett, or Rolando fractures in 80% of cases. Traditional treatment options include, closed reduction and percutaneous pinning, or open reduction and internal fixation.

Allinside Anatomic Arthroscopic (3A) Reconstruction of Irreparable TFCC Tear.

 In recent years, new arthroscopic techniques have been introduced to address the irreparable tears of the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) (Palmer type 1B, Atzei class 4) by replicating the standard Adams-Berger procedure. These techniques, however, show the same limitations of the open procedure in relation to the anatomically defective location of the radial origins of the radioulnar ligaments (RUL) and the risk of neurovascular and/or tendon injury. Aiming to improve the quality of reconstruction and reduce surgical morbidity, a novel arthroscopic technique was developed, with the advantages of reproducing the anatomical origins of the RUL ligaments and providing all-inside tendon graft (TG) deployment and fixation.

Arthroscopic Assisted Treatment of Thumb Metacarpal Base Articular Fractures.

Fracture of the base of the thumb metacarpal (M1) is a common finding in hand trauma. Closed reduction and K-wire fixation and open reduction-internal fixation are traditional treatments of choice. The arthroscopic assisted technique has been introduced to improve intra-articular fragment reduction and to preserve fragment vascularization and capsular and ligamentous integrity along with joint stability.

The Hook Test Is More Accurate Than the Trampoline Test to Detect Foveal Tears of the Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex of the Wrist.

Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy of the trampoline and hook tests, used in the arthroscopic assessment of triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) tears compared with arthroscopic direct visualization of the radiocarpal joint (RCJ) and of the distal radial ulnar joint (DRUJ).

Methods: In total, 135 patients (97 male, 38 female, mean age 43.5 years) were divided into 2 groups: (1) 80 patients with chronic ulnar-sided wrist pain and positive fovea sign and (2) 55 patients with other complaints.

Reconstruction with vascularized medial femoral condyle flaps in hindfoot and ankle defects: a report of two cases.

In this article, we report using free vascularized medial femoral condyle (MFC) flaps for reconstruction of bone defects and nonunion of the hindfoot and ankle in two patients. One patient had an open calcaneal fracture and hindfoot bone defect with impaired gait due to Achilles tendon functional loss. The second patient had nonunion with a chondral defect of the talus after a fall.

Delta III reverse shoulder arthroplasty in the treatment of complex 3- and 4-part fractures of the proximal humerus: 6 to 42 months of follow up.

Background: There is a growing tendency for complex proximal humerus fractures (PHF) in osteoporotic patients to be treated with reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA). It has been proposed that RSA has more benefits than other treatment options. The aim of our study was to investigate preoperative characteristics as well as clinical and radiological outcomes in patients with complex 3- or 4-part PHF who had undergone primary RSA.

Complications following correction of the planovalgus foot in cerebral palsy by arthroereisis.

Pes valgus is a pathological condition which occurs in up to 25% of patients with cerebral palsy. Its correction in early age is essential to prevent progression of the deformity and to optimize the patient's function. In younger patients arthroereisis can be considered as a treatment that fills the void between orthotics and arthrodesis.