Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) represents ~80% of all thyroid cancers, most frequently presenting in women in the third and fourth decade of life. The first clinical manifestation of PTC commonly includes a palpable mass in the thyroid area or cervical lymphadenopathy in cases of metastatic disease. Hematogenous distant metastases are a sign of an advanced stage of the tumour.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBest Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab
August 2024
The topic of the diagnosis of phaeochromocytomas remains highly relevant because of advances in laboratory diagnostics, genetics, and therapeutic options and also the development of imaging methods. Computed tomography still represents an essential tool in clinical practice, especially in incidentally discovered adrenal masses; it allows morphological evaluation, including size, shape, necrosis, and unenhanced attenuation. More advanced post-processing tools to analyse digital images, such as texture analysis and radiomics, are currently being studied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate accidental findings of axillary lymphadenopathy during breast examination. Postvaccination axillary lymphadenopathy is a possible cause of adenopathies but these findings used to be exceedingly rare. Nowadays, after Covid-19 vaccination it is found more often.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub
September 2024
Introduction: The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyse the ultrasound findings in the axillary lymph nodes in breast cancer patients with morphological changes that required biopsy. In most cases the morphological changes were minimal.
Materials And Methods: Between January 2014 and September 2019 examination of axillary lymph nodes with subsequent core-biopsy was performed in 185 breast cancer patients at the Department of Radiology.
Concurrent chemoradiotherapy represents one of the most used strategies in the curative treatment of patients with head and neck (HNC) cancer. Locoregional failure is the predominant recurrence pattern. Tumor hypoxia belongs to the main cause of treatment failure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTriple negative breast cancers (TNBC) are a morphologically and genetically heterogeneous group of breast cancers with uncertain prediction of biological behavior and response to therapy. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a dynamic process characterized by loss of typical epithelial phenotype and acquisition of mesenchymal characteristics. Aberrant activation of EMT can aggravate the prognosis of patients with cancer, however, the mechanisms of EMT and role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in EMT activation is still unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFoci of splenic tissue separated from the spleen can occur as a congenital anomaly. Isolated nodules of splenic tissue are called accessory spleens or spleniculli. However, nodules of splenic tissue can merge with other organs during embryonic development, in which case we speak of spleno-visceral fusions: most often, they merge with the tail of the pancreas (thus forming spleno-pancreatic fusion or an intrapancreatic accessory spleen), with the reproductive gland (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub
March 2021
Aim: The aim of this retrospective study was to analyse the preoperative ultrasound findings in patients with minimal or almost no morphological changes of axillary lymph nodes (LN) and to correlate these findings with the results of sentinel node (SN) biopsy.
Materials And Methods: Between January 2014 and September 2018, 289 female patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer and negative preoperative axillary staging were examined with preoperative ultrasound evaluation of axillary LNs. Patients with no evidence of LN metastases underwent primary surgical treatment with SN biopsy.
Background: Fine-needle biopsy of the thyroid gland is the most common interventional procedure used to diagnose thyroid diseases. Serious complications are rare in this procedure. They comprise an infection with abscess formation and hemorrhage.
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