Difficult intravenous access tool in patients receiving peripheral chemotherapy: A pilot-validation study.

Purpose: to develop a tool for measuring the difficulty of intravenous line insertion in cancer patients (DIVA-CP) receiving peripheral chemotherapy.

Methods: a pilot-validation study divided into two phases was performed in a north-eastern Italian outpatient chemotherapy centre. In the first phase, a review of the literature and brainstorming sessions/direct discussions among expert oncology nurses were used to develop items on the DIVA-CP tool, and a panel of expert oncology nurses assessed the tool face and content validity.