Economic, nutritional, and innovative aspects of non-conventional Brazilian fruits in the international novel foods market.

Recent advances in fruit research have reignited interest in the market of tropical and unconventional fruit varieties, leading to increased investment in this sector. Additionally, consumers are currently seeking healthier food options to maintain the nutritional integrity of their diets and maximize health benefits, which has driven the demand for novel fruits and a deeper understanding of existing varieties. Despite this growing interest, knowledge of the full potential and diversity of these fruits remains insufficient for key stakeholders to reconcile sustainable production with the promotion of healthier diets within the global context.

Biochar enhances soil interactions and the initial development of sugarcane.

The present study evaluated the effects of biochar derived from sugarcane straw on the physicochemical and biological properties of soil and the initial development of sugarcane. Microcosm and pot experiments were conducted over 60 days to monitor variables such as pH, water retention capacity, microbial activity, initial growth, and the metabolomic profile of the plant leaves. The results indicated that biochar increased the soil water retention capacity without significantly affecting the pH.

Phytochemicals of Avocado Residues as Potential Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors, Antioxidants, and Neuroprotective Agents.

Avocado (Persea americana) is a widely consumed fruit and a rich source of nutrients and phytochemicals. Its industrial processing generates peels and seeds which represent 30% of the fruit. Environmental issues related to these wastes are rapidly increasing and likely to double, according to expected avocado production.

Ontogenesis of Resin Ducts and Secretory Process in (Burseraceae) Stems.

The objective of this work was to characterize the ontogenesis of Protium spruceanum secretory ducts, to evaluate the effects of seasonality on that process, and to characterize the chemical nature of the resin. Morphometric, anatomical, micromorphometric, histochemical, and ultrastructural evaluations of shoot apexes and chemical analyses of the resin were performed. The ducts of schizolysigenous origin are distributed in the primary and secondary phloem.

Antiviral fungal metabolites and some insights into their contribution to the current COVID-19 pandemic.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak, which started in late 2019, drove the scientific community to conduct innovative research to contain the spread of the pandemic and to care for those already affected. Since then, the search for new drugs that are effective against the virus has been strengthened. Featuring a relatively low cost of production under well-defined methods of cultivation, fungi have been providing a diversity of antiviral metabolites with unprecedented chemical structures.

Cuticular wax composition contributes to different strategies of foliar water uptake in six plant species from foggy rupestrian grassland in tropical mountains.

The cuticle is the outermost region of the epidermal cell wall of plant aerial organs. The cuticle acts as a two-way lipid barrier for water diffusion; therefore, it plays a vital role in foliar water uptake (FWU). We hypothesised that the chemical composition of the cuticular waxes influences the FWU strategy that plants adopt in a foggy tropical ecosystem.

Recent Findings in Azaphilone Pigments.

Filamentous fungi are known to biosynthesize an extraordinary range of azaphilones pigments with structural diversity and advantages over vegetal-derived colored natural products such agile and simple cultivation in the lab, acceptance of low-cost substrates, speed yield improvement, and ease of downstream processing. Modern genetic engineering allows industrial production, providing pigments with higher thermostability, water-solubility, and promising bioactivities combined with ecological functions. This review, covering the literature from 2020 onwards, focuses on the state-of-the-art of azaphilone dyes, the global market scenario, new compounds isolated in the period with respective biological activities, and biosynthetic pathways.

Metabolic Profile Changes in Mangalarga Marchador Horses Subjected to A Hypercaloric Diet Evaluated by Proton NMR Spectroscopy.

The incidence of equine metabolic syndrome, a condition that results in endocrinopathic laminitis, is increasing worldwide. Although it is well known that the development of this syndrome depends on imbalances in energy metabolism and genetic traits, its pathophysiology remains unclear. Hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (H NMR) is a powerful tool used to compare metabolic profiles and to discriminate metabolites in living beings.

Cellulose acetate nanofibers loaded with crude annatto extract: Preparation, characterization, and in vivo evaluation for potential wound healing applications.

In this study we prepared annatto-loaded cellulose acetate nanofiber scaffolds and evaluated both in vitro cytotoxicity and potential for wound healing in a rat model. Annatto extract, which has been used to accelerate wound healing, was added to cellulose acetate polymer and the resulting material was used to produce nanofiber scaffolds via electrospinning. Physicochemical, and thermal evaluation of the resulting nanofiber mats showed that incorporating annatto did not significantly affect the thermal or chemical stability of the polymer.

Ketamine can be produced by Pochonia chlamydosporia: an old molecule and a new anthelmintic?

Background: Infection by nematodes is a problem for human health, livestock, and agriculture, as it causes deficits in host health, increases production costs, and incurs a reduced food supply. The control of these parasites is usually done using anthelmintics, which, in most cases, have not been fully effective. Therefore, the search for new molecules with anthelmintic potential is necessary.

Matteucinol, isolated from Miconia chamissois, induces apoptosis in human glioblastoma lines via the intrinsic pathway and inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth in vivo.

Gliomas account for nearly 70% of the central nervous system tumors and present a median survival of approximately 12-17 months. Studies have shown that administration of novel natural antineoplastic agents is been highly effective for treating gliomas. This study was conducted to investigate the antitumor potential (in vitro and in vivo) of Miconia chamissois Naudin for treating glioblastomas.

Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties of the hydroalcoholic fractions from the leaves of Annona crassiflora Mart. in mice.

Background: Annona crassiflora Mart., popularly known as "Araticum", is a native tree of the Brazilian Cerrado used in folk medicine for treatment of pain and inflammatory diseases. We proposed to analyze analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of the filtrate (F1) and the precipitate (F2) of the hydroalcoholic fraction from the leaves of Annona crassiflora Mart.

Peltatoside Isolated from Annona crassiflora Induces Peripheral Antinociception by Activation of the Cannabinoid System.

Peltatoside is a natural compound isolated from leaves of Mart., a plant widely used in folk medicine. This substance is an analogue of quercetin, a flavonoid extensively studied because of its diverse biological activities, including analgesic effects.

Nematicidal activity of Annona crassiflora leaf extract on Caenorhabditis elegans.

Background: The aim of this work was to investigate the potential nematicidal activity of Annona crassiflora leaf extract against Caenorhabditis elegans.

Methods: The hydroalcoholic leaf extract and its fractions (dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol and water) were submitted to mobility assay against the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans. GC-MS and NMR analysis were performed in order to identify metabolites.

In vitro cytotoxic, antifungal, trypanocidal and leishmanicidal activities of acetogenins isolated from Annona cornifolia A. St. -Hil. (Annonaceae).

Annona cornifolia A. St. -Hil.

In vivo antimalarial efficacy of acetogenins, alkaloids and flavonoids enriched fractions from Annona crassiflora Mart.

Annona crassiflora and Annonaceae plants are known to be used to treat malaria by traditional healers. In this work, the antimalarial efficacy of different fractions of A. crassiflora, particularly acetogenin, alkaloids and flavonoid-rich fractions, was determined in vivo using Plasmodium berghei-infected mice model and toxicity was accessed by brine shrimp assay.

The first report on flavonoid isolation from Annona crassiflora Mart.

Annona crassiflora, a native tree from Brazilian Cerrado, is reported to possess several ethnomedical uses. Here, we report the isolation and unambiguous characterisation of the flavonoids quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosil(1 → 6)-O-α-L-arabinoside (1), known as peltatoside, kaempferol-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (2), quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside (3), quercetin-3-O-β-L-arabinopiranoside (4) and the ( - )-epicatechin (5) from the hydroalcoholic portion of the leaf ethanolic extract. Their structures were elucidated by using 1D and 2D NMR, ESI-MS, UV/Vis spectroscopy, optical rotation analysis and literature data comparison.

NMR-based metabolomics: a probe to utilize biodiversity.

Metabolomics is a comprehensive profiling tool used to identify qualitatively and quantitatively all the metabolites present in a biological system. As the number of metabolites in a living being is assumed to be around 30,000, it is necessary to use an adequate extraction procedure and a good analytical technique to perform metabolomic analyses. Each analytical platform used in metabolomics has both advantages and disadvantages in terms of the sensitivity and resolution for metabolites to be detected.

In vitro antifungal activity of fatty acid methyl esters of the seeds of Annona cornifolia A.St.-Hil. (Annonaceae) against pathogenic fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis.

Introduction: Fatty acids are abundant in vegetable oils. They are known to have antibacterial and antifungal properties.

Methods: Antifungal susceptibility was evaluated by broth microdilution assay following CLSI (formerly the NCCLS) guidelines against 16 fungal strains of clinical interest.

Antibacterial activity of eight Brazilian annonaceae plants.

Sixteen extracts, obtained from eight Brazilian plants of Annonaceae family, were screened for their antibacterial activity: Xylopia frutescens, X. aromatica, X. amazonica, X.

Effects of kaurane diterpene derivatives on germination and growth of Lactuca sativa seedlings.

Kaurenoic and grandiflorenic acid, isolated from Wedelia paludosa (Asteraceae), some derivatives from these acids (alcohols, esters, amides, lactones, oximes) and other naturally occurring kaurane diterpenes were tested for their action on the growth of radical and shoot of Lactuca sativa. Gibberellic acid, GA3, a commercially available phytohormone, belonging to the same class of diterpenes, was also tested. Some of the tested substances showed a remarkable activity either in the inhibition or in stimulation of L.