Serpentinization-associated travertines as spatio-temporal archives for lipid biomarkers key for the search for life on Mars.

Serpentinization is a well-known aqueous alteration process that may have played important roles in the origins and early evolution of life on Earth, and perhaps Mars, but there are still aspects related to biomarker distribution, partitioning, and preservation that merit further study. To assess the role that precipitation of carbonate phases in serpentinization settings may have on biomarker preservation, we search for life signs in one of the world's largest outcrops of subcontinental peridotites (Ronda, South Spain). We investigate the organic record of groundwater and associated carbonate deposits (travertines) in seven hyperalkaline springs, and reconstruct the biological activity and metabolic interactions of the serpentinization-hosted ecosystem.

Nanoemulsions with Chloroaluminium Phthalocyanine and Paromomycin for Combined Photodynamic and Antibiotic Therapy for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis.

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using chloroaluminium phthalocyanine (ClAlPc) and paromomycin sulfate (PM) can be effective against New World species involved in cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). The aim of this study is to assay the skin permeation and the antileishmanial effects of a nanoemulsion (NE) containing both ClAlPc and PM in experimental CL by () .

Material And Methods: Cremophor ELP/castor oil-based NEs were prepared by a low-energy method and characterized for their physicochemical parameters.