Pharmacological Efficacy/Toxicity of Drugs: A Comprehensive Update About the Dynamic Interplay of Microbes.

Oral ingestion is a common, easy to access, route for therapeutic drugs to be delivered. The conception of the gastrointestinal tract as a passive physiological compartment has evolved toward a dynamic perspective of the same. Thus, microbiota plays an important role in contributing with additional metabolic capacities to its host as well as to its phenotypic heterogeneity.