Integrated molecular profiling of , mutations, and mismatch repair status in advanced colorectal carcinoma: insights from gender and tumor laterality.

Background: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed forms of cancer worldwide. The (, ) and genes encode proteins that are important therapeutic targets for the treatment of CRC and, together with the mismatch repair (MMR) system, are closely related to patient prognosis and survival in advanced CRC. Here we evaluate the mutational profile and the frequency of mutations in the , and genes, along with the expression of MMR in advanced CRC, at a tertiary hospital in southern Brazil.

Gender affirming hormone therapy and transgender women fertility: Histologic predictors of germ cell presence.

Objective: Evaluate histological changes in testicular parameters after hormone treatment in transgender women.

Methods: Cross-section study with patients who underwent gonadectomy at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre from 2011 to 2019. Hormone treatment type, route of administration, age at initiation and duration were recorded.

Ovarian Tissue Culture to Preserve Fertility in Transgender Male Patients after Hormonal Treatment.

Objective:  To evaluate the reproductive and histological characteristics of fresh cultured ovarian tissue from transgender male patients.

Methods:  An in vitro pilot study in which samples were collected during sex reassignment surgery for transgender male patients. The ovarian cortex was cut into fragments of 2 mm, 3 mm, and 4 mm, and placed in a 96-well plate suitable for cultivation at days 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8, when the histology was analyzed.

Reconstruction of parietal bone defects with adiposederived mesenchymal stem cells. Experimental study.

Purpose: This study assessed the regeneration potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from adipose tissue associated with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in bone regeneration.

Methods: Thirty Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus albinos) were divided into five groups (according to the grafting material and time to euthanasia): (1) autograft - 14 days (control), (2) autograft - 28 days (control), (3) MSC + PRP - 14 days, (4) MSC + PRP + papaverine - 14 days and (5) MSC + PRP + papaverine - 28 days. After euthanasia, the graft was removed and histological slides were prepared.

Stanniocalcin-1 protein expression profile and mechanisms in proliferation and cell death pathways in prostate cancer.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prevalent male tumours. Stanniocalcin-1 (STC1) is a glycoprotein and, although the role of STC1 in human cancer is poorly understood, it is suggested to be involved in the development and progression of different neoplasms. This study investigated the protein expression profile of STC1 in PCa and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) samples and STC1 signalling during cell proliferation and cell death in vitro using cell lines.

Which mode and potency of electrocoagulation yields the Smallest Unobstructed Area of the Fallopian Tubes?

Objective:  To determine which mode and potency of electrocoagulation, using a modern electrosurgical generator, yields the smallest unobstructed area of the Fallopian tubes.

Methods:  In an experimental study, tubes from 48 hysterectomies or tubal ligation were evaluated. Tubes were randomly allocated to one of the following groups: group A) 25 W x 5 seconds ( = 17); group B) 30 W x 5 seconds ( = 17); group C) 35 W x 5 seconds ( = 18), group D) 40 W x 5 seconds ( = 20); group E) 40 W x 5 seconds with visual inspection (blanch, swells, collapse) ( = 16); group F) 50 W x 5 seconds ( = 8).

Carcinogenesis of Vulvar Lesions: Morphology and Immunohistochemistry Evaluation.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the 2 pathways of vulvar carcinogenesis and correlate immunohistochemical expression of p53 with histopathological findings.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study included 76 cases. Patients were classified according to the 2004 International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease Terminology, followed by a review of clinical records and immunohistochemical staining for p53.

p14 expression differences in ovarian benign, borderline and malignant epithelial tumors.

Background: Abnormalities in tumor suppressors p14, p16 and p53 are reported in several human cancers. In ovarian epithelial carcinogenesis, p16 and p53 show higher immunohistochemical staining frequencies in malignant tumors and are associated with poor prognoses. p14 was only analyzed in carcinomas, with conflicting results.

Analysis of the effects of topical renal hypothermia on lung tissue after kidney ischemia and reperfusion in rats.

Purpose: To evaluate whether topical renal hypothermia (TRH) at different levels of temperature has protective effects on lung tissue after renal I/R, through an analysis of organ histology and inflammatory markers in lung tissue.

Methods: Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly allocated across four groups and subjected to renal ischemia at different levels of topical renal temperature: normothermia (no cooling, 37°C), mild hypothermia (26°C), moderate hypothermia (15°C), and deep hypothermia (4°C). To induce I/R, the vessels supplying the left kidney of each animal were clamped for 40 minutes, followed by reperfusion.

Experimental histopathological study on retinal and renal cellular response to intravitreous antiangiogenic drugs.

Aim: To evaluate histopathological retinal and renal response after one single dose of intravitreous injection of antiangiogenic drugs ranibizumab and bevacizumab in rats.

Methods: Experimental study in 60d of life adults Wistar rats. Ten animals were included.

An experimental model of chronic rhinosinusitis in rabbits without bacterial inoculation.

Purpose: Evaluate and compare two different experimental techniques of maxillary sinus ostium occlusion using N-butyl cyanoacrylate in developing chronic histological findings without the inoculation of pathogenic bacteria among rabbits.

Methods: In a randomized study, sixteen New Zealand rabbits were assigned for occlusion of the right maxillary sinus through a transmaxillary approach or through the roof of the nasal cavity. The contralateral sinus served as a control.

Adequacy of ovarian diathermy under ultrasound control: an experimental model.

Background: To develop a minimally invasive ovarian cauterization technique under transvaginal ultrasound control and evaluate the safety and feasability of monopolar cauterization to cause ovarian injury using female cattle of reproductive age as an experimental model.

Method: Experimental study in a university research center was performed. Eleven female bovines of reproductive age were submitted to monopolar transvaginal ovarian cauterization.

Minimal cold knife conization height for high-grade cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion treatment.

Objectives: To assess the relationship between cold-knife conization specimen height, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN II/III) size and endocervical margin involvement by CIN II/II.

Study Design: A cross-sectional study was performed. Cold knife cone specimens with a diagnosis of CIN II/III were selected.

The role of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) on the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its chronic complications.

It is well established that genetic factors play an important role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and its chronic complications, and that genetically susceptible subjects can develop the disease after being exposed to environmental risk factors. Therefore, great efforts have been made to identify genes associated with DM2. Uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is expressed in several tissues, and acts in the protection against oxidative stress; in the negative regulation of insulin secretion by beta cells, and in fatty acid metabolism.