In August 27/2014, SLIPE organized the Master Class "Towards improved influenza control through vaccination", a panel with international influenza experts who shared their understanding of the disease and the control measures available, focusing on the most recent information about this serious diseases. In this report Dr Falleiros and Dr Bricks summarized the following topics: Global influenza epidemiology, presented by Dr Puig-Barbera; Influenza vaccine recommendations and coverage in Latin American countries, presented by Dr Bricks; Influenza vaccines efficacy and effectiveness, presented by Dr Fedson: Influenza burden ;md rational for prevention in children, presented by Dr Muiioz; Influenza burden in pregnancy, presented by Dr Ribeiro; Influenza vaccination in health care workers, presented by Dr Macias; Influenza vaccination in the elderly, presented by Dr Ribeiro; Rational to increase vaccination coverage rates Global Influenza Hospital Surveillance Network, presented by Dr Puig-Barbera; Influenza B epidemiology and vaccine strain mismatch in Latin American Region, presented by Dr Bricks; Modeling for quadrivalent influenza vaccines impact, presented by Dr Blank; Rational for quadrivalent influenza vaccines and the clinical development of QIV s, presented by Dr Desauziers and Modelling quadrivalent influenza vaccines impact, presented by Dr Blank.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHousehold contacts are important sources of Bordetella pertussis in infants. A total of 353 household contacts of 97 index cases were evaluated for pertussis by culture and polymerase chain reaction. Twenty eight contacts were positive (8.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDuring 2010, outbreaks of serogroup C meningococcal (MenC) disease occurred in 2 oil refineries in São Paulo State, Brazil, leading to mass vaccination of employees at 1 refinery with a meningococcal polysaccharide A/C vaccine. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence of meningococci carriage among workers at both refineries and to investigate the effect of vaccination on and the risk factors for pharyngeal carriage of meningococci. Among the vaccinated and nonvaccinated workers, rates of overall meningococci carriage (21.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aim of this study was to describe recent changes in the epidemiology of pertussis and existing policies regarding recommended and mandatory occupational vaccinations for healthcare professionals (HCPs). The authors carried out an extensive review of references on the PubMed and SciELO databases and the official sites of the World Health Organization, Pan American Health Organization, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Brazilian Ministry of Health, using the keywords pertussis, vaccines and healthcare professionals. Vaccination against pertussis is recommended for HCPs in the United States, Canada, nine European countries, Australia, Hong Kong, Singapore, Costa Rica, Argentina and Uruguay, and in some countries it is compulsory.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBraz J Otorhinolaryngol
August 2009
Unlabelled: Sinusitis, acute otitis media and tonsillitis are very frequent in children. Most of these infections are caused by viruses, but are generally treated with antibiotics. Inappropriate use of antibiotics favors the selection, growth and spread of resistant bacteria; these bacteria colonize the airways and affect the entire community.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To verify how reliable is the information provided by parents about the history of varicella in their children.
Methods: 204 parents of previously healthy children attending two municipal day-care centers of São Paulo city were interviewed between August 2003 and September 2005. A standardized form was filled out with information regarding age, sex, history of varicella and other diseases, drug use and antecedent of immunization, After medical history, physical examination and checking of immunization records, 5 ml of blood were collected for ELISA (in house) varicella test.
Objectives: To present an up-to-date review of studies investigating the efficacy, adverse events and vaccination regimens of the varicella vaccine and the new presentation combined with the vaccine for measles, mumps and rubella.
Sources Of Data: Bibliographic review of the MEDLINE and LILACS databases covering the period 1999 to 2006.
Summary Of The Findings: The varicella vaccine protects 70 to 90% of immunized children against any form of varicella zoster infection, but the efficacy against severe forms is higher (95 to 98%).
Objectives: To evaluate the impact of heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in invasive pneumococcal diseases in the United States, and to analyze the potential impact of this vaccine in Brazil.
Sources Of Data: MEDLINE, LILACS, Cochrane Database Reviews, as well as the websites of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Brazilian Ministry of Health and Centro de Vigilância Epidemiológica do Estado de São Paulo from January 2000 to January 2006. Articles retrieved with the keywords Streptococcus pneumoniae, pneumococcal diseases, conjugate vaccine, antimicrobial resistance and meningitis were reviewed.
Objective: To describe morbidity associated to varicella in children attending day care centers.
Methods: Descriptive study carried out through inquiries with parents of 664 children who acquired varicella after admission to day care centers in Taubaté (population: 244,165, census of 2004), a prosperous city in the State of São Paulo.
Results: The median age was 36 months (range 6 to 80 months); 8.
Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo
October 2004
Unlabelled: Haemophilus influenzae is one of the most important bacterial agents of otitis and sinusitis. H. influenzae type b (Hib) is one of the main causes of meningitis, pneumonia, and septicemia in nonvaccinated children under 6 years of age.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo
August 2006
Neonates and young children remain susceptible to many serious infectious diseases preventable through vaccination. In general, current vaccines strategies to prevent infectious diseases are unable to induce protective levels of antibodies in the first 6 months of life. Women vaccinated during pregnancy are capable of producing immunoglobulin antibodies that are transported actively to the fetus, and maternal immunization can benefit both the mother and the child.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo
August 2006
Unlabelled: Worldwide, the impact of meningococcal disease is substantial, and the potential for the introduction and spread of more virulent strains of N. meningitidis or strains with increased resistance to current antibiotics causes concern, making prevention essential.
Objectives: Review the indications for meningococcal disease vaccines, considering the epidemiological status in Brazil.
Objective: To perform a bibliographic review on criterion-based use of drugs by children.
Sources: Articles were searched through Medline database using the terms: acute respiratory diseases, asthma, antibiotics, treatment and children.
Summary Of The Findings: There is an excessive use of drugs to treat acute respiratory diseases and asthma.