Prevalence of symptoms of COVID-19 in the state of Rio Grande do Sul: results of a population-based study with 18,000 participants.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of reports of symptoms of COVID-19 among individuals with and without antibodies and identify those with greater capability to predict the presence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2.

Methods: The study uses data collected in phases 5 to 8 of Epicovid-19-RS. The presence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 was evaluated by a rapid test.

Social Distancing, Mask Use, and Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, Brazil, April-June 2020.

We assessed the associations of social distancing and mask use with symptomatic, laboratory-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in Porto Alegre, Brazil. We conducted a population-based case-control study during April-June 2020. Municipal authorities furnished case-patients, and controls were taken from representative household surveys.

Prevalence of overweight and obesity among Brazilian adolescents over time: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To estimate the burden of excess weight in Brazilian adolescents.

Design: Systematic review with meta-analysis.

Setting: We searched the literature in four databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, SciELO and LILACS).

EPICOVID19 protocol: repeated serological surveys on SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Brazil.

The first case of COVID-19 was reported in China in December 2019, and, as the virus has spread worldwide, the World Health Organization declared it a pandemic. Estimates on the number of COVID-19 cases do not reflect it real magnitude as testing is limited. Population based data on the proportion of the population with antibodies is relevant for planning public health policies.

Nursing Guidelines on Cardiac Surgery and Parents' Anxiety: Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: The preparation of parents of children who should undergo cardiac surgery requires special treatment such as the explanations about the event. This study aims to compare the effects of standardized nursing guidelines with routine institutional orientation on the anxiety of parents of children undergoing cardiac surgery.

Methods: Randomized clinical trial.

Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and validation of the Leuven Knowledge Questionnaire for congenital heart disease instrument into Brazilian Portuguese.

Objective: To translate the Leuven Knowledge Questionnaire for Congenital Heart Disease into Brazilian Portuguese and to validate its psychometric properties with parents and family caregivers of children with congenital heart disease.

Method: This was a six-step methodological study, including the translation, synthesis, back-translation, evaluation of the version translated by the committee of experts, pre-testing, and validation, for which two pilot tests were used including the think-aloud protocol. The content validity index and the frequency of socioeconomic data were calculated in a statistical programming environment.

Knowledge about the Disease and the Practice of Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents with Congenital Heart Disease.

Background: Knowledge about the disease itself can be important for self-care in patients with several problems and comprehends information about the diagnosis up to the most important clinical implications.

Objective: To identify the level of knowledge of children and adolescents with congenital heart disease (CHD) about their illness, and to analyze the association between the level of knowledge and the practice of physical activity.

Methods: Cross-sectional study with 335 patients with CHD, aged 8 to 13 years, followed at a referral pediatric cardiology service in Southern Brazil.

Stress and Food Consumption Relationship in Hypertensive Patients.

Background: Stress is a state of threat to the balance of the organism, which can cause biological and psychological changes. In hypertensive patients, stress can interfere with blood pressure levels, influence on food choices and neglect of the diet.

Objective: This study aims to describe the relationship between stress and dietary intake of hypertensive patients.

Positive Psychology and Gratitude Interventions: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of a gratitude intervention on a community sample of adults in relation to aspects involving well-being and mental health. A randomized clinical trial was conducted with 1,337 participants, composed of an intervention group (Gratitude group, = 446), and two control groups (Hassles group, = 444 and Neutral Events group, = 447). Participants assigned to the intervention condition were asked to write daily gratitude lists for 14 days, listing moments they had been grateful for during the day.

Effect of yerba mate and green tea on paraoxonase and leptin levels in patients affected by overweight or obesity and dyslipidemia: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the intake of yerba mate (YM) and green tea (GT) on serum levels of leptin and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), compared to control.

Methods: Controlled, randomized clinical trial (RCT) that evaluated 142 men and women affected by overweight or obesity aged 35-60 years, untreated dyslipidemia and no history of coronary artery disease. Participants were randomized to ingest 1000 mL GT, YM or apple tea (AT, control group) daily, during eight weeks.

FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE.

Objective: To evaluate the physical activity level and functional capacity of children and adolescents with congenital heart disease and to describe correlations between functionality, surgical and echocardiographic findings, metabolic and inflammatory profile and differences between acyanotic and cyanotic heart defects.

Methods: A cross-sectional study including children and adolescents with congenital heart disease between six and 18 years old that were evaluated with the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) to assess functional capacity. The short version form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was performed to evaluate physical activity levels.

Statin Treatments And Dosages In Children With Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Meta-Analysis.

Background: Children with familial hypercholesterolemia may develop early endothelial damage leading to a high risk for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Statins have been shown to be effective in lowering LDL cholesterol levels and cardiovascular events in adults. The effect of statin treatment in the pediatric population is not clearly demonstrated.

Secondary Dyslipidemia In Obese Children - Is There Evidence For Pharmacological Treatment?

Background: Long-term safety, effectiveness and criteria for treatment with statins in children are still unclear in clinical practice. There is very limited evidence for the use of medication to treat children with dyslipidemia secondary to obesity who do not respond well to lifestyle modification.

Objective: Systematic review of randomized clinical trials of statin use to treat children and adolescents with dyslipidemia secondary to obesity.

Trends and determinants of change in compliance to dietary guidelines in a Swiss community-dwelling sample.

Adherence to dietary guidelines is associated with significantly better health outcomes. Studies across the world shows that compliance with the guidelines was low, but data in Switzerland are lacking. Hence, we aimed to assess the 5-year trends in dietary compliance regarding food guidelines in Switzerland in a prospective, population-based observational study.

Nutritional knowledge and body mass index: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: To verify the knowledge about food and nutrition and its association with the nutritional status of obese patients with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), and to identify the relationship between information sources and level of knowledge.

Method: Cross-sectional study that included 263 outpatients of a cardiology referral hospital in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The participants filled out a questionnaire on socioeconomic data and knowledge about food and nutrition and had their nutritional status evaluated by body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-hip ratio (WHR).

Functional Capacity in Congenital Heart Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Children and adolescents with congenital heart disease often have alterations in their exercise capacity that can be evaluated by various functional testing.

Objective: To evaluate the functional capacity of children and adolescents with congenital heart disease (CHD) with systematic review and meta-analyses.

Methods: The review included observational studies, data from the first evaluation of randomized clinical trials or observational follow-up periods after clinical trials which evaluated functional capacity by cardiopulmonary exercise test, stress testing, six-minute walk test or step test, in children and adolescents with CHD, aged between six and 18 years, and comparisons with healthy controls in the same age group.

Stillbirth prevalence in Brazil: an exploration of regional differences.

Objective: Brazil is a large, heterogeneous, and diverse country, marked by social, economic, and regional inequalities. Stillbirth is a global concern, especially in low- and middle-income countries. This study investigated the prevalence and possible determinants of stillbirth in different regions of Brazil.

Healthy School, Happy School: Design and Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial Designed to Prevent Weight Gain in Children.

Background:: Schools have become a key figure for the promotion of health and obesity interventions, bringing the development of critical awareness to the construction and promotion of a healthy diet, physical activity, and the monitoring of the nutritional status in childhood and adolescence.

Objectives:: To describe a study protocol to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention designed to improve knowledge of food choices in the school environment.

Methods:: This is a cluster-randomized, parallel, two-arm study conducted in public elementary and middle schools in Brazil.

Impact of Different Normality Thresholds for 24-hour ABPM at the Primary Health Care Level.

Background:: Hypertension is an important risk factor for cardiovascular outcomes. Primary health care (PHC) physicians should be prepared to act appropriately in the prevention of cardiovascular risk factors. However, the rates of patients with control of blood pressure (BP) remain low.

Effectiveness of video resources in nursing orientation before cardiac heart surgery.

Objective:: To evaluate the effectiveness of video resources in increasing patient knowledge during preoperative orientation for cardiac surgery compared to standard orientation.

Method:: Randomized clinical trial. Patients in the intervention group (IG) received bedside orientation with the aid of a short video and a slide presentation on the day prior to surgery.

Serum C-reactive protein levels and body mass index in children and adolescents with CHD.

Background: The prevalence of overweight in children with CHD is about 26.9%. Increase in adipose tissue is related to the secretion of proinflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein.