Scrofuloderma of the chest with mediastinal TB.

Cutaneous tuberculosis is a rare manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in most cases and rarely by Mycobacterium bovis. Diagnosis may be challenging due to a wide range of clinical findings and similarities to other chronic dermatoses, leading to delayed treatment. We present a case of scrofuloderma in a 4-year-old girl that arose from a contiguous spread from the anterior mediastinum with associated pulmonary involvement.

Graphene oxide functionalized with -methyl-d-glucamine as a novel sorbent for boron removal from produced and formation waters.

This work describes the synthesis of a novel material based on graphene oxide (GO) for the selective removal of boron in an aqueous medium. The material was obtained by functionalizing graphene oxide with -methyl-d-glucamine (NMDG). This material, named NMDG@GO, was successfully characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, atomic force microscopy, and elemental analysis.

Surgical treatment for severe pediatric tracheobronchomalacia: the 20-year experience of a single center.

Objective: In children with tracheobronchomalacia, surgical management should be reserved for the most severe cases and be specific to the type and location of tracheobronchomalacia. The goal of this study is to describe the presentation and outcomes of children with severe tracheobronchomalacia undergoing surgery.

Methods: Retrospective case series of 20 children operated for severe tracheobronchomalacia at a tertiary hospital from 2003 to 2023.

Celiac trunk stenosis by median arcuate ligament in orthotopic liver transplantation: a potential hidden foe to the biliary tree.

Background: Celiac trunk compression by the median arcuate ligament (MAL) increases the risk of ischemic complications following gastrointestinal surgical procedures. Previous studies suggest increased risk of hepatic artery thrombosis (HAT) in orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) recipients. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of untreated MAL compression (MAL-C) on biliary complications in OLT.

Thermodynamic uncertainty relations in mesoscopic devices.

We investigate the thermodynamic uncertainty relations (TURs) in mesoscopic devices for all universal symmetry classes of Wigner-Dyson and Dirac (chiral). The observables of interest include the TUR (MS), which is defined in terms of the ratio between the mean noise and mean conductance, as well as a new TUR (R) proposed in this article, which is based on the ensemble mean of the noise-to-conductance ratio. A detailed study is made on the quantum interference corrections associated with the TURs.

Accuracy of doppler assessment of the uterine arteries for the diagnosis of pubertal onset in girls: a scoping review.

The uterine artery pulsatility index (PI) assessed by Doppler ultrasound reflects the impedance to the blood flow in the vessel distal to the sampling point. We aimed to assess the accuracy of the uterine artery PI for the diagnosis of puberty in girls. A PRISMA-ScR-compliant scoping review was performed in the MEDLINE and Embase databases with the search terms "puberty" and "Doppler ultrasonography".

A comparison between ultrasonography and single-phase computed tomography for preoperative assessment of solid abdominal tumors in children.

Objective: This study aimed to estimate the performance of single-phase-enhanced computed tomography and ultrasonography examinations in the preoperative evaluation of solid abdominal tumors and their relationship with relevant adjacent structures in children.

Methods: This retrospective study included 50 pediatric patients with malignant solid abdominal tumors treated with surgical resection between 2009-2017. Preoperative computed tomography and ultrasonography were compared to operative findings (gold standard) in the diagnosis of invasion or encasement of adjacent structures.

Outcomes of the First 54 Pediatric Patients on Long-Term Home Parenteral Nutrition from a Single Brazilian Center.

Objectives: Data on multidisciplinary programs dedicated to home parenteral nutrition (HPN) in Latin America are limited. This study describes the results of the first multidisciplinary pediatric intestinal rehabilitation program for HPN at a public tertiary hospital in Brazil.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients aged 0-18 years with intestinal failure (IF) who required parenteral nutrition (PN) for >60 days between January/2014 and December/2020.

Differential iNKT and T Cells Activation in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Drug-Induced Liver Injury.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (DILI) could share molecular mechanisms involving the immune system. We aimed to identify activation immunological biomarkers in invariant natural killer T (iNKT) and CD4/CD8+ T cells in NAFLD and DILI.

Methods: We analyzed the activation profile (CD69, CD25, and HLA-DR) and natural killer group 2 member D (NKG2D) on iNKT cells, and CD4/CD8 T cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from NAFLD, with or without significant liver fibrosis, and DILI patients.

Accuracy of Doppler assessment of the uterine arteries in healthy girls for the diagnosis of pubertal onset.

Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy of the uterine artery pulsatility index (PI) for the diagnosis of pubertal onset in girls.

Methods: Cross-sectional study of girls with normal pubertal development. Puberty was diagnosed by the presence of Tanner breast development score ≥2.

Ultrasound findings of pubertal development in girls with cystic fibrosis and their association with clinical outcomes and Tanner staging.

Objective: Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) have a high incidence of pubertal and growth delay. In girls with CF, pubertal delay has an important psychological impact. Still, only a few studies have explored the occurrence of pubertal delay in girls with CF.

Spontaneous Pubertal Onset in a Male Patient With Mixed Gonadal Dysgenesis With Mosaicism 45,X/ 46, X, mar (Y)/ 47,X,mar(Y),+mar(Y) - Pediatric Case Report.

This report describes an adolescent with Mixed Gonadal Dysgenesis and unexpected mosaicism [karyotype 46,X,mar(Y)/ 47,X, mar(Y),+mar(Y)].). Diagnosis with 1 month of age due to atypical genitalia.

Sun protection as a protective factor for actinic cheilitis: Cross-sectional population-based study.

Objective: To determine whether sun protection is associated with lower occurrence of actinic cheilitis in adults living in a city from southern Brazil.

Materials And Methods: A multi-stage proportional sample of 404 individuals 18 years and older was obtained. Interviews and clinical examinations were conducted in participants' households.

Diagnosis and management of precocious sexual maturation: an updated review.

The classic definition of precocious sexual maturation is the development of secondary sexual characteristics before 8 years of age in girls and before 9 years of age in boys. It is classified as central precocious puberty when premature maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis occurs, and as peripheral precocious puberty when there is excessive secretion of sex hormones, independent of gonadotropin secretion. Precocious sexual maturation is more common in girls, generally central precocious puberty of idiopathic origin.

Laparoscopic ureteral reconstruction in infant with congenital mid ureteric valve.

Congenital mid ureteric valve (MUV) stenosis is a very rare cause of ureteric obstruction and hydronephrosis (HN) in children. We describe how we manage laparoscopically one case of a patient with congenital MUV. We describe a 6-month-old boy born with antenatal left HN, with an anteroposterior diameter (APD) of 1,5 cm.

Differential association between S100A4 levels and insulin resistance in prepubertal children and adult subjects with clinically severe obesity.

Objectives: S100A4 has been recently identified as an adipokine associated with insulin resistance (IR) in adult subjects with obesity. However, no data about its levels in children with obesity and only a few approaches regarding its potential mechanism of action have been reported. To obtain a deeper understanding of the role of S100A4 in obesity, (a) S100A4 levels were measured in prepubertal children and adult subjects with and without obesity and studied the relationship with IR and (b) the effects of S100A4 in cultured human adipocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were determined.

Maisonneuve Variant Lesion with Proximal Tibiofibular Dislocation.

Maisonneuve lesion is a rare entity, accounting for 7% of all ankle fractures. One of its variants includes a proximal tibiofibular dislocation, which is an even more unusual injury. This article reports the case of a 34-year-old male patient admitted to the emergency room with left lower limb edema after a sports trauma.

Can dynamic ultrasonography replace urodynamics in the follow-up of patients with myelomeningocele? A prospective concurrent study.

Aims: To evaluate the accuracy of dynamic ultrasonography (DUS), as a feasible alternative diagnostic method to identify detrusor overactivity (DO) in patients with neurogenic bladder.

Methods: We performed concurrent analysis of 81 pairs of urodynamic study (UDS) and DUS, in 63 patients with myelomeningocele (MMC), from June 2014 to February 2017. The assessment focused on bladder behavior during the filling phase, DO evaluation, DO with leakage, compliance, and maximum cystometric capacity (MCC).

People living with AIDS: Association between nursing diagnoses and sociodemographic/clinical characteristics.

Objective: To analyze the association between nursing diagnoses and sociodemographic and clinical characteristics in people living with AIDS.

Method: Cross-sectional study with 100 people living with AIDS in a University Hospital. Data collection took place between January and July 2015, using an interview script and physical examination.

Criopreserved ovarian tissue transplantation and bone restoration metabolism in castrated rats.

Objectives: to evaluate estradiol levels and autotransplantation heated ovarian tissue effects, after vitrification, on rats bone metabolism previously oophorectomized bilaterally.

Methods: experimental study with 27 rats aged 11 to 12 weeks and weighing 200g to 300g, submitted to bilateral oophorectomy and ovarian tissue cryopreservation for subsequent reimplantation. Animals were divided into two groups, A and B, with 8 and 19 rats, respectively.

Occurrence of Dendrocephalus brasiliensis Pesta, 1921 (Crustacea, Anostraca) in the Caras river, southern Ceara, Brazil.

Occurrence of Dendrocephalus brasiliensis Pesta, 1921 (Crustacea, Anostraca) in the Caras river, southern Ceara, Brazil. The specimens were collected in March and April 2014. The new occurrence extends the distribution and update area of occupancy of the species, which is characterized by a specific habitat: temporary lakes.

Ultrasound-assisted production of biodiesel and ethanol from spent coffee grounds.

This study evaluates the production of biodiesel and ethanol from spent coffee grounds (SCG). The extraction of oil from SCG, biodiesel production and ethanol production processes were studied. The liquid-to-solid ratio and temperature were evaluated in the ultrasound-assisted extraction of the oil from SCG.

Child non-ischemic priapism, a conservative approach: case report and updated review.

Non-ischemic priapism in children is an uncommon entity usually related to blunt trauma in the perineal region and subsequent fistula formation into the corpus cavernosum. In this report we present the case of a 7-year-old boy who had undergone perineal trauma and developed non-ischemic priapism confirmed radiologically. He was treated by conservative measures along with ultrasonographic monitoring.

Prospective study of a group of pre-university students evaluating anxiety and depression relationships with temporomandibular disorders.

Objectives: The aim of this prospective longitudinal study was to evaluate the relationships between anxiety, depression, and temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in a sample of pre-university students submitted to a stressful event.

Study Design: 153 students from a pre-university course (82 females and 71 males between 16 and 31 years old) were given a survey about TMD symptoms and a survey about anxiety and depression scale at the beginning and the end of the preparatory course (August 2009-T1, and November 2009-T2).

Results: Results were analyzed using a chi-square test and Odds Ratio (OR), significance level of α = 0.

Allometry of some woody plant species in a Brazilian savanna after two years of a dry season fire.

Studies of allometry are important in explaining effects of fire and herbivory, for estimating biomass in forests, and so on. There has been extensive research on plant allometry in temperate and tropical forests, showing that plant architecture often adjusts to the elastic similarity model, but not in Brazilian savannas (cerrado). We studied allometry of Dalbergia miscolobium, Diospyros hispida, Erythroxylum suberosum, Miconia albicans, M.