Quantitative resistance against Bemisia tabaci in Solanum pennellii: Genetics and metabolomics.

The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is a serious threat in tomato cultivation worldwide as all varieties grown today are highly susceptible to this devastating herbivorous insect. Many accessions of the tomato wild relative Solanum pennellii show a high resistance towards B. tabaci.

Normal adult survival but reduced Bemisia tabaci oviposition rate on tomato lines carrying an introgression from S. habrochaites.

Background: Host plant resistance has been proposed as one of the most promising approaches in whitefly management. Already in 1995 two quantitative trait loci (Tv-1 and Tv-2) originating from S. habrochaites CGN1.

Induced senescence promotes the feeding activities and nymph development of Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on potato plants.

The effect of dark-induced senescence on Solanum tuberosum L. (Solanales: Solanaceae) plants was assessed on the feeding behavior and performance of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Senescence was induced by covering the basal part of the plant with a black cloth for 5 d, avoiding the light passage, but keeping the apical buds uncovered.

Differences in insect resistance between tomato species endemic to the Galapagos Islands.

Background: The Galapagos Islands constitute a highly diverse ecosystem and a unique source of variation in the form of endemic species. There are two endemic tomato species, Solanum galapagense and S. cheesmaniae and two introduced tomato species, S.

Resistance of tomato genotypes to the greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum (West.) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae).

The greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood, is the most common and abundant whitefly in Argentine horticultural greenhouse crops, especially in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Resistance in some wild tomato relatives, such as S. peruvianum, S.

Flavonoids from Pterocaulon alopecuroides with antibacterial activity.

Three flavonoids, (2 R,3 R)-5,4'-dihydroxy-3'- O-methyl-7-(gamma,gamma-dimethylallyloxy)dihydroflavonol 1, (2 R,3 R)-5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3'- O-methyl-6-(alpha,alpha-dimethylallyl)dihydroflavonol 2, and (2 R,3 R)-5,7,4'-trihydroxy-6-(alpha,alpha-dimethylallyl)dihydroflavonol 3, together with three known flavonoids ( 4 - 6), were isolated from the aerial parts of PTEROCAULON ALOPECUROIDES. The structures of the compounds were determined by mass and by 1 D and 2 D NMR spectroscopy. Screening of the antibacterial activity of all six compounds was conducted by a disc diffusion test against BACILLUS CEREUS, BACILLUS SUBTILIS, SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM and PROTEUS MIRABILIS.

Changes in effective aortic valve area during ejection in adults with aortic stenosis.

Measurements of valve orifice area in aortic stenosis are based on the assumption that orifice area remains constant throughout ejection and is independent of transvalvular gradients and flow. Recent studies, however, have suggested that the calculated valve area of calcific aortic stenosis may change in different flow conditions. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that in vivo effective orifice area of a stenotic aortic valve changes continuously during ejection, which would make a single area measurement a potentially inadequate indicator of the severity of the stenosis.

Relation between ECG strain pattern and left ventricular morphology, left ventricular function, and DPTI/SPTI ratio in patients with aortic regurgitation.

The relative contributions of left ventricular structural changes, dysfunction, and subendocardial ischemia in determining electrocardiographic repolarization abnormalities were assessed in 53 patients with chronic, pure aortic regurgitation and no evidence of coronary artery disease. Thirty-six patients with an abnormal electrocardiographic pattern of repolarization showed larger end-diastolic (154 +/- 46 vs 120 +/- 32 mL/m2; P < .001) and end-systolic (80 +/- 40 vs 52 +/- 30 mL/m2; P = .

[Doppler echocardiographic evaluation of the new mechanical bileaflet Sorin Bicarbon valve prosthesis compared with St. Jude Medical].

Background: Despite the Bicarbon valve has been marketed for more than two years, no systematic Doppler evaluation of its normal functioning has yet been published. Therefore, the aims of this study were to establish the normal flow characteristics for the Bicarbon bileaflet prosthetic heart valve and to compare them with those obtained from the St. Jude Medical valve prosthesis.

Infective right atrial thrombus: a rare complication of total parenteral nutrition in an adult.

We describe a case of an infective right atrial thrombus, following total parenteral nutrition, in a 21-year-old woman undergoing a surgical procedure for long-standing chronic ulcerative colitis. She presented with high temperature and the illness did not respond to antibiotic therapy. A 2-dimensional echocardiogram showed a mobile right atrial mass that at surgery was identified as a thrombus.

[Age-induced changes in the cardiovascular system in normal subjects].

To assess the effect of age on cardiac structure and function, we performed echocardiograms on 104 physically active, normal, community-dwelling volunteers (68 men and 36 women), ranging in age from 18 to 84 years and having no evidence of hypertension or cardiovascular disease. With advancing adult aging, the following were observed: a decrease in aortic compliance (r = 0.42); an increase in systolic (r = 0.

[Changes in modalities of left ventricular filling associated with aging in normal subjects: secondary to increase in blood pressure and left ventricular mass?].

The mechanisms by which aging alters the pattern of left ventricular diastolic filling are still uncertain. To gain more insight into this tissue, the independent contributions of age, sex, heart rate, arterial blood pressure and left ventricular mass (as well as various indexes of left ventricular morphology and function) to left ventricular diastolic filling abnormalities, were investigated by echocardiography in 81 normal subjects (18 to 84 years of age, mean 50), carefully screened to avoid the confounding effects of coronary artery disease and systemic hypertension. With advancing adult age, we found a significant increase in: body mass index (r = 0.

Concentric left ventricular wall thickening in a patient with primary hypothyroidism. Response to gradual thyroxine replacement.

Asymmetric septal thickening has been described in patients with overt myxedema, but descriptions of concentric left ventricular wall thickening in such patients are rare. Echocardiographic detection of thickened left ventricular and interventricular walls, without pericardial effusion or any other sign of cardiac involvement, in a patient with overt myxedema and primary hypothyroidism, is reported. Furthermore, this is the first case in which the timing and the extent of the response of such abnormalities to L-thyroxine replacement therapy have been serially evaluated.

[Evaluation of left ventricular ejection fraction in coronary disease patients by the gated blood pool method and cineangiography. Critical analysis of divergences between the 2 methods].

In order to assess the reliability of left ventricular ejection fraction as estimated by gated blood pool method, radionuclide angiography (LAO) and single plane (RAO) contrast cineangiocardiography were performed within 14 days in 60 patients with coronary artery disease. The mean value of radionuclide ejection fraction was found to be 55 +/- 16%; contrast cineangiographic ejection fraction was 57 +/- 15%; r = 0.92.

[Evaluation of the cardiovascular effects of the beta-blockader atenolol].

The beta-blocking action of 100 mg per diem Atenol was evaluated in 8 patients with conditions requiring treatment with a beta-blocking drugs (ischaemic cardiopathy, arterial hypertension, hypertrophic myocardiopathy). Ergometer bicycle exertion tests were used to evaluate the extent of Atenol's beta-blocking action (in basal condition, 3 and 24 hours after administration of the drug) as well as Holter type dynamic ECG recordings (basal and under treatment). The drug significantly reduced cardiac frequency and arterial pressure both at rest and under exertion.

[Ventricular arrhythmia in a group of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy].

A possible connection between M-mode echocardiographs and the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias was investigated in a group of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. No single echocardiographic parameter could identify the patients with serious ventricular arrhythmias. Multivaried discriminatory analysis revealed the extent of the septal excursion, the telediastolic thickness of the interventricular septum, the E-F incline and the dimension of the left atrium as the most significant echocardiographic features identifying patients with serious ventricular arrhythmias.

[Arrhythmias in mitral prolapse patients].

An ECG at rest, a cycloergometric exertion test and a 24 hour dynamic ECG were conducted on 16 patients with mitral prolapses in order to reveal the incidence of arrhythmias. High grade ventricular arrhythmias (3, 4a, 4b) were observed in 5 patients (31%), and minor arrhythmias (grades 1 and 2) in 7 (44%), while 4 patients (25%) showed no ventricular arrhythmia. Complex supraventricular arrhythmias were recorded in 2 patients (12.