Oral Kaposi sarcoma in Brazil: a case series of 40 patients highlighting a significant health burden.

Objective: The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive clinicopathological analysis of oral Kaposi sarcoma (KS) cases and examine its relationship with HIV-related immunosuppression.

Study Design: Paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of patients microscopically diagnosed with oral KS were retrieved from three oral and maxillofacial pathology files. Data including clinical, laboratory, microscopic and immunohistochemical findings and treatment employed were retrieved.

Tannic acid: A possible therapeutic agent for hypermethioninemia-induced neurochemical changes in young rats.

This study explores the therapeutic benefits of tannic acid (TnA) in an experimental protocol of chronic hypermethioninemia in rats. Rats were categorized into four groups: Group I - control, Group II - TnA 30 mg/kg, Group III - methionine (Met) 0.2-0.

Physiological Responses of spp. to the Presence of High Aluminum Availability in the Soil.

Brazilian soils are predominantly rich in aluminum, which becomes mobile at pH < 5, affecting sensitive plants; however, some species have developed aluminum tolerance mechanisms. The purpose of this study was to compare the physiological responses of genus species, family Fabaceae, which have the ability to associate with nitrogen-fixing bacteria under the influence of Al in the soil. The soil used was Oxisol; the experimental design was in randomized blocks in a factorial scheme (2 × 3): soil factor (available toxic aluminum content; correction of dolomitic limestone-MgCO) and species factor (; ; ); cultivated within 43, 53, and 53 days, respectively, with five replications; 30 experimental samples.

ChatGPT and dentistry: a step toward the future.

This article aims to explore the integration of ChatGPT, an advanced conversational artificial intelligence model, in the field of dentistry. The review primarily consists of information related to the capabilities and functionalities of ChatGPT and how these abilities can aid dental professionals. This study includes data from research papers, case studies, and relevant literature on language models, as well as papers on dentistry, patient communication, dental education, and clinical decision-making.

Corrosion Study on Duplex Stainless Steel UNS S31803 Subjected to Solutions Containing Chloride Ions.

In the present work, the influence of a corrosive environment and temperature on the corrosion resistance properties of duplex stainless steel S31803 was evaluated. The corrosive process was carried out using solutions of 1.5% HCl (m/m) and 6% FeCl (m/m), at temperatures of 25 and 50 °C.

Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum DNA detection in Nyssomyia neivai in Vale do Ribeira, Paraná, Brazil.

Background: The incidence of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has increased in the Southern region of Brazil in recent years, especially in the State of Paraná. New species have been suggested with potential to act as vector in VL endemic areas.

Objectives: Identify the Leishmania species in sand fly specimens collected from 2016 to 2018 in the municipality of Itaperuçu, Vale do Ribeira, Paraná, Brazil.

Chimeric antigen-receptor (CAR) engineered natural killer cells in a chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) blast crisis model.

During the last two decades, the introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) to the therapy has changed the natural history of CML but progression into accelerated and blast phase (AP/BP) occurs in 3-5% of cases, especially in patients resistant to several lines of TKIs. In TKI-refractory patients in advanced phases, the only curative option is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. We and others have shown the relevance of the expression of the Interleukin-2-Receptor α subunit (IL2RA/CD25) as a biomarker of CML progression, suggesting its potential use as a therapeutic target for CAR-based therapies.

Discovery of pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidines as novel mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 (MKK3) inhibitors.

The dual-specificity protein kinase MKK3 has been implicated in tumor cell proliferation and survival, yet its precise role in cancer remains inconclusive. A critical step in elucidating the kinase's involvement in disease biology is the identification of potent, cell-permeable kinase inhibitors. Presently, MKK3 lacks a dedicated tool compound for these purposes, along with validated methods for the facile screening, identification, and optimization of inhibitors.

Improved protocol for polymerase and reverse transcriptase production and application to a point-of-care diagnostics system.

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has raised awareness in the scientific community about the importance of being prepared for sanitary emergencies. Many measures implemented during the COVID pandemic are now being expanded to other applications. In the field of molecular and immunological diagnostics, the need to massively test the population worldwide resulted in the application of a variety of methods to detect viral infection.

PARP1 Characterization as a Potential Biomarker for p190+ Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Detection of t(9;22), and consequent fusion, is still a marker of worse prognosis for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), with resistance to tyrosine-kinase inhibitor therapy being a major obstacle in the clinical practice for this subset of patients. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of targeting poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) in a model of p190+ ALL, the most common isoform to afflict ALL patients, and demonstrated the use of experimental PARP inhibitor (PARPi), AZD2461, as a therapeutic option with cytotoxic capabilities similar to that of imatinib, the current gold standard in medical care. We characterized cytostatic profiles, induced cell death, and biomarker expression modulation utilizing cell models, also providing a comprehensive genome-wide analysis through an aCGH of the model used, and further validated PARP1 differential expression in samples of ALL p190+ patients from local healthcare institutions, as well as in larger cohorts of online and readily available datasets.

Expression of sperm microRNAs related to bull fertility: A systematic review.

In this study we proposed to address the following question: "Are there differentially expressed sperm microRNAs related to fertility in bulls?". A systematic review of scientific literature until November 2022 was performed, in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. The main outcome was differentially expressed sperm microRNA from bulls with low versus high fertility profiles identified by using different methods such as field fertility evaluation and sperm laboratory analysis.

Engineering NK-CAR.19 cells with the IL-15/IL-15Rα complex improved proliferation and anti-tumor effect .

Introduction: Natural killer 92 (NK-92) cells are an attractive therapeutic approach as alternative chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) carriers, different from T cells, once they can be used in the allogeneic setting. The modest outcomes observed with NK-92 cells continue to present hurdles in successfully translating NK-92 cell therapies into clinical applications. Adoptive transfer of CAR-NK-92 cells holds out the promise of therapeutic benefit at a lower rate of adverse events due to the absence of GvHD and cytokine release syndrome.

Telomeric repeat-containing RNA is dysregulated in acute myeloid leukemia.

TERRA (telomeric repeat-containing RNA) is a class of long noncoding RNAs transcribed from subtelomeric and telomeric regions. TERRA binds to the subtelomeric and telomeric DNA-forming R-loops (DNA-RNA hybrids), which are involved in telomere maintenance and telomerase function, but the role of TERRA in human cells is not well characterized. Here, we comprehensively investigated for the first time TERRA expression in primary human hematopoietic cells from an exploratory cohort of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), patients with telomere biology disorder (TBD), and healthy subjects.

Effects of different diets on adults: improving rearing techniques for sterile insect technique.

The aim was to evaluate the effect of different energy diets available in adulthood on the longevity, dispersal capacity and sexual performance of produced under a mass-rearing system. To evaluate the effects of diets in relation to the survival of the adult male insects of , six treatments were used: sucrose at a concentration of 10%, as a positive control (sack10); starvation, as a negative control (starvation); sucrose at a concentration of 20% associated with 1 g/l of ascorbic acid (sac20vitC); wild honey in a concentration of 10% (honey10); demerara sugar in a 10% concentration (demerara10); and sucrose at a concentration of 20% associated with 1 g/l of ascorbic acid and 0.5 g/l of amino acid proline (sac20vitCPr).

The use of deep learning state-of-the-art architectures for oral epithelial dysplasia grading: A comparative appraisal.

Background: Dysplasia grading systems for oral epithelial dysplasia are a source of disagreement among pathologists. Therefore, machine learning approaches are being developed to mitigate this issue.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included a cohort of 82 patients with oral potentially malignant disorders and correspondent 98 hematoxylin and eosin-stained whole slide images with biopsied-proven dysplasia.

Nanocellulose-based porous materials: Regulation and pathway to commercialization in regenerative medicine.

We review the recent progress that have led to the development of porous materials based on cellulose nanostructures found in plants and other resources. In light of the properties that emerge from the chemistry, shape and structural control, we discuss some of the most promising uses of a plant-based material, nanocellulose, in regenerative medicine. Following a brief discussion about the fundamental aspects of self-assembly of nanocellulose precursors, we review the key strategies needed for material synthesis and to adjust the architecture of the materials (using three-dimensional printing, freeze-casted porous materials, and electrospinning) according to their uses in tissue engineering, artificial organs, controlled drug delivery and wound healing systems, among others.

Genome Editing for Engineering the Next Generation of Advanced Immune Cell Therapies.

Our current genetic engineering capacity through synthetic biology and genome editing is the foundation of a revolution in biomedical science: the use of genetically programmed cells as therapeutics. The prime example of this paradigm is the adoptive transfer of genetically engineered T cells to express tumor-specific receptors, such as chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) or engineered T-cell receptors (TCR). This approach has led to unprecedented complete remission rates in patients with otherwise incurable hematological malignancies.

BCR-ABL promotes hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell formation in embryonic stem cells.

Generating hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) has been a long-lasting quest in the field of hematopoiesis. Previous studies suggested that enforced expression of BCR-ABL, the unique oncogenic driver of chronic myelogeneous leukemia (CML), in embryonic stem cells (ESCs)-derived hematopoietic cells is sufficient to confer long-term in vivo repopulating potential. To precisely uncover the molecular events regulated by the tyrosine kinase activity of BCR-ABL1 (p210) during the course of hematopoietic differentiation, we engineered a Tet-ON inducible system to modulate its expression in murine ESCs (mESCs).