Publications by authors named "Lucas X Bonfietti"

Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous infection caused by fungi from the genus , among which displays high virulence and transmissibility. So far, classical antifungal agents have been efficient against , but here we describe the first case of therapeutic failure and a high minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in relation to itraconazole.

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Antifungal therapy, especially with the azoles, could promote the incidence of less susceptible isolates of and species complexes (SC), mostly in developing countries. Given that these species affect mostly the immunocompromised host, the infections are severe and difficult to treat. This review encompasses the following topics: 1.

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Candida haemulonii complex species can be multidrug-resistant and cause infections such as candidemia. This study determined the genetic relationship between isolates from Brazil and the United States through whole-genome sequencing and performed antifungal susceptibility testing to investigate drug resistance. Contrary to what is widely described, most isolates were susceptible to azoles.

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Military women on active duty are exposed to constant physical and mental demands, which may predispose them to some infection risks, including vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), a pathology considered a global public health problem. To monitor the prevalent and emerging pathogens in VVC, this study aimed to evaluate the distribution of yeast species and their in vitro antifungal susceptibility profile. We studied 104 vaginal yeast specimens obtained during routine clinical examinations.

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Trichosporonosis corresponds to a systemic fungal disease that leads to high mortality rates and is frequently associated with medical devices. It affects immunosuppressed patients in particular and is strongly linked to acquired human immunodeficiency, organ and tissue transplants, and malignant hematologic diseases such as leukemia and lymphomas. Trichosporon infections have been increasingly reported worldwide; however, little information is available either about their characteristics or the causative microorganism.

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Aspergillosis is an invasive fungal disease associated with high mortality. Antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) is receiving increasing consideration for managing patients, as well as for surveilling emerging drug resistance, despite having time-consuming and technically complex reference methodologies. The Sensititre YeastOne (SYO) and Etest methods are widely utilized for yeasts but have not been extensively evaluated for Aspergillus isolates.

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Background: Cryptoccocal meningitis continues to present high incidence among AIDS patients. The treatment of choice is the synergistic combination of flucytosine (5-FC) with amphotericin B deoxycholate (AmBd) or its lipid formulations. However, 5-FC is unavailable in many countries and AmB demands hospitalization.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of fungi in dialysis water and dialysate, in addition to evaluating the susceptibility to antifungals and the biofilm production capacity of isolated microorganisms. The samples were collected in three hemodialysis units in Bauru (Brazil), every 15 days (July 2017-June 2018) at post-reverse osmosis, reuse, and dialysate points. The fungi were isolated by spread plate on Sabouraud dextrose agar.

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Visceral leishmaniosis (VL) is a public health problem and its occurrence depends primarily on the presence of the vector and susceptible hosts; in the urban environment, the dog is the main reservoir. This study aimed to analyze the distribution of canine visceral leishmaniosis (CVL) and factors associated with it in an urban area endemic for VL. Analysis of the variables was based on 2755 epidemiological records of dogs positive and negative for CVL over a three-year period (2009, 2010 and 2011).

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and are the main pathogenic species of invasive cryptococcosis among the species. Taxonomic studies have shown that these two taxa have different genotypes or molecular types with biological and ecoepidemiological peculiarities. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has been proposed as an alternative method for labor-intensive methods for and genotype differentiation.

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Background: The incidence of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), one of the most important neglected diseases worldwide, is increasing in Brazil. The objectives of this study were to determine the canine VL (CanL) seroprevalence in an urban area of Araçatuba municipality and to evaluate its relationship with the characteristics of dogs and their owners.

Results: The CanL seroprevalence in the study area was 0.

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Paracoccidioidomycosis is a systemic mycosis prevalent in Latin American countries, caused by the dimorphic fungi Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and P. lutzii. The habitat of these fungi in nature remains undefined, although it is believed that infection occurs by inhalation of infective propagules present in soil.

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Article Synopsis
  • Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii cause about one million cryptococcosis cases annually, primarily affecting immunocompromised individuals like those with HIV.
  • C. gattii, particularly the VGII molecular type, is emerging in the Pacific Northwest, with previous studies suggesting its South American origins.
  • Research on the Brazilian C. gattii VGII population reveals significant genetic diversity likely due to sexual reproduction, indicating that highly virulent strains may have evolved in Northern Brazil and spread worldwide, linking South America to global distribution.
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During recent decades, antifungal susceptibility testing has become standardized and nowadays has the same role of the antibacterial susceptibility testing in microbiology laboratories. American and European standards have been developed, as well as equivalent commercial systems which are more appropriate for clinical laboratories. The detection of resistant strains by means of these systems has allowed the study and understanding of the molecular basis and the mechanisms of resistance of fungal species to antifungal agents.

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We aim in this study to provide levels of susceptibility of 162 bloodstream isolates of non-Candida albicans and non-C. tropicalis species from a sentinel program conducted in 11 hospitals in Brazil. Additionally, we compared the broth microdilution (BMD) method of the European Committee of Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) with Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) BMD method for fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, and amphotericin B.

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The Candida parapsilosis group encompasses three species: C. parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis and Candida metapsilosis. These species are phenotypically indistinguishable, and molecular methods are needed for their detection.

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There are few reports concerning the in vitro antifungal susceptibility of clinical and environmental Cryptococcus gattii isolates. In this study, we performed polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism to investigate the molecular subtypes of 50 clinical and 4 environmental Brazilian isolates of C. gattii and assessed their antifungal susceptibility for fluconazole (FLU) and amphotericin B (Amb) according to recent recommendations proposed for antifungal susceptibility testing of nonfermentative yeasts.

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The in vitro activities of amphotericin B (AmB) were evaluated against 40 isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans using time-kill curves. The isolates were obtained from 20 AIDS patients with cryptococcal meningitis submitted to AmB therapy. Isolates were exposed in vitro to 1 microg/mL of AmB that represents a serum concentration of AmB, and the viable colony counts were determined over time.

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