Helicobacter pylori in oral cavity: current knowledge.

The oral cavity may play a role as a reservoir and in the transmission and colonization of Helicobacter pylori. The route of transmission for H. pylori is not fully understood.

DECREASED EXPRESSION OF MICRORNA-629 IN GASTRIC CANCER SAMPLES POTENTIATED BY THE VIRULENCE MARKER OF H. PYLORI, CAGA GENE.

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gram-negative bacterium associated with the etiology of several gastrointestinal tract pathologies, and cagA-positive (cagA+) strains are found in populations with gastric ulcers and precancerous lesions, inducing pro-inflammatory responses. The development of neoplasms is related to microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation, indicating highly expressed miRNA-629.

HELICOBACTER PYLORI OIPA VIRULENCE GENE AS A MOLECULAR MARKER OF SEVERE GASTROPATHIES.

Background: Helicobacter pylori is an etiologic agent of gastroduodenal diseases. The microorganism, considered a type I carcinogen, affects about 50% of the global population. H.

Changes in Expression of Key Genes in Alzheimer's Disease: A Specific Brain Tissue Change.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible and neurodegenerative disorder. Its etiology is not clear, but the involvement of genetic components plays a central role in the onset of the disease. In the present study, the expression of 10 genes (APP, PS1 and PS2, APOE, APBA2, LRP1, GRIN2B, INSR, GJB1, and IDE) involved in the main pathways related to AD were analyzed in auditory cortices and cerebellum from 29 AD patients and 29 healthy older adults.

CDK10, CDK11, FOXO1, and FOXO3 Gene Expression in Alzheimer's Disease Encephalic Samples.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorder that affects different regions of the brain. Its pathophysiology includes the accumulation of β-amyloid protein, formation of neurofibrillary tangles, and inflammatory processes. Genetic factors are involved in the onset of AD, but they are not fully elucidated.

Dysregulated Expression of Apoptosis-Associated Genes and MicroRNAs and Their Involvement in Gastric Carcinogenesis.

Purpose: Analyze the expression of caspase-9, Smac/DIABLO, XIAP, let-7a, and let-7b in patients with normal gastric tissue, chronic gastritis, and gastric adenocarcinoma.

Methods: The expression of caspase-9, Smac/DIABLO, XIAP, let-7a, and let-7b by qRT-PCR was analyzed in 158 samples from 53 patients with normal gastric mucosa, 86 with chronic gastritis, and 19 with gastric cancer.

Results: The comparison between the gastric cancer and the control group revealed a decreased expression of caspase-9 in gastric cancer tissues; considering the Helicobacter pylor presence, comparable results were revealed.

Decrease of miR-125a-5p in Gastritis and Gastric Cancer and Its Possible Association with H. pylori.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of miR-125a-5p in patients with dyspeptic symptoms and gastric cancer, correlating them with the development of this cancer and H. pylori.

Methods: Patients were divided in groups according to histopathological analysis (control, gastritis, and cancer groups).

The impact of DNA demethylation on the upregulation of the NRN1 and TNFAIP3 genes associated with advanced gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Very few therapeutic options are currently available in this neoplasia. The use of 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-AZAdC) was approved for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes, and this drug can treat solid tumours at low doses.

Toll-like receptor 9 polymorphisms and influence gene expression and risk of gastric carcinogenesis in the Brazilian population.

Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the first line of host defense, and are involved in () recognition and activation of both inflammatory and carcinogenic processes. The presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes that activate the immune response may modulate the risk of precancerous lesions and gastric cancer (GC). Among them, Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) polymorphisms have emerged with a risk factor of infectious diseases and cancer, however the studies are still inconclusive.

Lack of Association between IL-6 Polymorphisms and Haplotypes with Gastric Cancer.

The process of combating neoplasms and mononuclear cells, and during H. pylori infection, several pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines are synthesized. In view of the involvement of the IL-6 law and the presence of H.

Status (on/off) of oipA gene: their associations with gastritis and gastric cancer and geographic origins.

Virulence factors of H. pylori, such as outer inflammatory protein A (oipA), are closely involved in the development of gastric diseases such as chronic gastritis and gastric cancer. The functional status of oipA is regulated by a repair mechanism based on CT dinucleotide repeats that influence the reading frame, thus granting the gene a functional or nonfunctional status; in other words, the functional status of the oipA gene seems to be associated with the development of gastric diseases.

Expression of miRNA-146a, miRNA-155, IL-2, and TNF-α in inflammatory response to Helicobacter pylori infection associated with cancer progression.

miRNAs appear to play an important role in controlling the expression of several genes, and they are a potential biomarker and prognostic tool in gastric diseases. We analyzed 53 controls, 86 patients with gastritis, and 19 patients with gastric cancer. Real-time-PCR was used to determine the expression levels of miRNA-146a, miRNA-155, IL-2, and TNF-α.

Decreased MicroRNA miR-181c Expression Associated with Gastric Cancer.

Purpose: This study investigated miRNA-181c expression in control patients (healthy gastric mucosa), patients with gastritis, and patients with gastric cancer. The presence of Helicobacter pylori was determined, and the associations between H. pylori infection, levels of miRNA-181c expression, and gastric disease were also analyzed.

Interleukin 8 (-251 T>A) polymorphism in children and teenagers infected with .

Background: () is a gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the human stomach and causes a variety of gastric diseases. This study evaluated the correlations between the -251 (T>A) (rs4073) polymorphism of interleukin-8 (IL-8), the etiology of gastric disease, and infection in pediatric and adolescent patients.

Methods: DNA samples were obtained from 285 gastric biopsies from pediatric patients.

Change in INSR, APBA2 and IDE Gene Expressions in Brains of Alzheimer's Disease Patients.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is defined as a progressive and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder, the onset of which is mainly characterized by decreased cognition, memory loss, and mental confusion.

Objective: This study sought to quantify mRNA expression of the APBA2, INSR and IDE genes in brain samples from patients with AD and controls.

Methods: We investigated the mRNA expression of the APBA2, INSR and IDE genes in 150 RNA samples from entorhinal cortex, auditory cortex, and the hippocampus of individuals with AD and elderly controls using real time PCR.

Helicobacter pylori and its reservoirs: A correlation with the gastric infection.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has long been found to cause gastric diseases such as gastritis, gastric ulcers and gastric cancer. The transmission medium of this bacterium has yet to be determined, though several studies have speculated that the oral cavity is a reservoir for H.

Lack of association among TNF-α gene expression, -308 polymorphism (G > A) and virulence markers of Helicobacter pylori.

Background: Tumor necrosis factor plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of gastric diseases such as gastric cancer, and an abnormal inflammatory response has frequently been observed in dyspeptic patients. Helicobacter pylori infection can induce a gastric mucosal inflammatory response that may be influenced by -308 (G > A) polymorphisms and gene expression of the TNF-α gene.

Methods: One hundred and thirty-four gastric biopsy samples were collected from patients of both genders (61♂ and 73♀, mean age 40.

Differential expression of histone deacetylase and acetyltransferase genes in gastric cancer and their modulation by trichostatin A.

Gastric cancer is still the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, even though its incidence and mortality have declined over the recent few decades. Epigenetic control using histone deacetylase inhibitors, such as trichostatin A (TSA), is a promising cancer therapy. This study aimed to assess the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of three histone deacetylases (HDAC1, HDAC2, and HDAC3), two histone acetyltransferases (GCN5 and PCAF), and two possible targets of these histone modifiers (MYC and CDKN1A) in 50 matched pairs of gastric tumors and corresponding adjacent nontumors samples from patients with gastric adenocarcinoma, as well as their correlations and their possible associations with clinicopathological features.

Association among H. pylori virulence markers dupA, cagA and vacA in Brazilian patients.

Background: Only a few Helicobacter pylori-infected individuals develop severe gastric diseases and virulence factors of H. pylori appear to be involved in such clinical outcomes. Duodenal ulcer promoting gene A (dupA) is a novel virulence factor of Helicobacter pylori that is associated with duodenal ulcer development and reduced risk for gastric carcinoma in some populations.

Analysis of HSPA8 and HSPA9 mRNA expression and promoter methylation in the brain and blood of Alzheimer's disease patients.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in elderly. Chaperones may have a crucial role in AD due to their involvement in protein quality control, folding, and degradation. In this study, we investigated the mRNA and promoter DNA methylation levels of two chaperones, HSPA8 and HSPA9, in postmortem brain tissue (entorhinal and auditory cortices and hippocampus) from healthy elderly and AD subjects as well as in peripheral blood of healthy elderly and AD patients.

CNP and DPYSL2 mRNA expression and promoter methylation levels in brain of Alzheimer's disease patients.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a highly prevalent type of dementia in the elderly population. AD is a complex neurodegenerative disorder. Thus, epigenetic mechanisms that regulate gene expression might have an important role in AD.

SORL1 and SIRT1 mRNA expression and promoter methylation levels in aging and Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia among the elderly. Efforts have been made to understand the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms involved in the development of this disease. As SORL1 (sortilin-related receptor) and SIRT1 (sirtuin 1) genes have been linked to AD pathogenesis, we aimed to investigate their mRNA expression and promoter DNA methylation in post mortem brain tissues (entorhinal and auditory cortices and hippocampus) from healthy elderly subjects and AD patients.

Association of interleukin 1β polymorphisms and haplotypes with Alzheimer's disease.

Our study aimed to associate IL-1β and IL-1RN polymorphisms with AD disease in comparison with elderly control group from São Paulo - Brazil. We genotyped 199 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, 165 elderly control and 122 young control samples, concerning VNTR (IL-1RN) and -511C>T and -31T>C (IL-1β) polymorphisms. Our findings revealed that -511C/-31T/2-repetitions VNTR haplotype had a protective effect for AD when compared to EC (p=0.