Repellent activity of the non-host semiochemical (E)-2-octenal against Amblyomma sculptum and Amblyomma dubitatum ticks under field conditions.

Amblyomma ticks pose a significant public health threat due to their potential to transmit pathogens associated with rickettsial diseases. (E)-2-octenal, a compound found in donkeys (Equus asinus), exhibits strong repellent properties against Amblyomma sculptum nymphs under laboratory conditions. This study assessed the effectiveness of the (E)-2-octenal in wearable slow-release devices for personal human protection against Amblyomma ticks under natural conditions.

The C-terminal mutation beyond the catalytic site of brown spider phospholipase D significantly impacts its biological activities.

Loxosceles spider envenomation results in dermonecrosis, principally due to phospholipases D (PLDs) present in the venom. These enzymes have a strongly conserved sequence, ATXXDNPW, in the C-terminal region (SMD-tail) that make contact with β-sheets of the TIM barrel, in which the amino acids Asp277 and Trp280 establish the energetically strongest contacts. The SMD-tail is conserved in PLDs from different species but absent in the non-toxic PLD ancestral glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterases (GDPDs).

From the laboratory to the field: efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes to control the cattle tick.

Background: The control of ticks is challenged by the resistance of tick populations to chemical acaricides. In this study, we evaluated, under laboratory conditions, the efficacy of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus engorged females with varying body weights (150, 200, 250, 300 or 350 mg per female) or from eight different geographical populations. We also determined the efficacy of H.

Efficacy of collars with allomones on dogs to control Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato infestations under field conditions.

Benzaldehyde and 2-hexanone are allomones produced by beagle dogs that reduce infestation by Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato on these animals and on susceptible dogs which artificially release these repellents. These observations were obtained in previous laboratory tests or artificial infestations of susceptible dogs under controlled conditions. Here we evaluated the efficacy of collars delivering these repellents for suppressing the loads of R.

Conidia and blastospores of Metarhizium spp. and Beauveria bassiana s.l.: Their development during the infection process and virulence against the tick Rhipicephalus microplus.

The current study compared the virulence of conidia and blastospores of Metarhizium robertsii (IP 146), M. anisopliae sensu lato (s.l.

Heat-stressed Metarhizium anisopliae: viability (in vitro) and virulence (in vivo) assessments against the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus.

The current study investigated the thermotolerance of Metarhizium anisopliae s.l. conidia from the commercial products Metarril® SP Organic and Metarril® WP.

Effect of heat stress and oil formulation on conidial germination of Metarhizium anisopliae s.s. on tick cuticle and artificial medium.

The effect of heat stress (45°C) versus non-heat stress (27°C) on germination of Metarhizium anisopliae sensu stricto (s.s.) isolate IP 119 was examined with conidia formulated (suspended) in pure mineral oil or in water (Tween 80, 0.