Zinc Starvation Induces Cell Wall Remodeling and Activates the Antioxidant Defense System in .

The survival of pathogenic fungi in the host after invasion depends on their ability to obtain nutrients, which include the transition metal zinc. This essential micronutrient is required to maintain the structure and function of various proteins and, therefore, plays a critical role in various biological processes. The host's nutritional immunity limits the availability of zinc to pathogenic fungi mainly by the action of calprotectin, a component of neutrophil extracellular traps.

The dual role of SrbA from Paracoccidioides lutzii: a hypoxic regulator.

The fungus Paracoccidioides lutzii is one of the species of the Paracoccidioides genus, responsible for a neglected human mycosis, endemic in Latin America, the paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM). In order to survive in the host, the fungus overcomes a hostile environment under low levels of oxygen (hypoxia) during the infectious process. The hypoxia adaptation mechanisms are variable among human pathogenic fungi and worthy to be investigated in Paracoccidoides spp.

iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in response to hypoxia.

Aerobic organisms require oxygen for energy. In the course of the infection, adaptation to hypoxia is crucial for survival of human pathogenic fungi. Members of the Paracoccidioides complex face decreased oxygen tensions during the life cycle stages.

MiRNAs regulate iron homeostasis in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis.

During pathogen interaction with the host, several mechanisms are used to favor or inhibit the infectious process; one is called nutritional immunity, characterized by restriction of micronutrients to pathogens. Several studies on fungi of the Paracoccidioides complex, have demonstrated that these pathogens remodel their metabolic pathways to overcome the hostile condition imposed by the host. However, molecular mechanisms that control the regulation of those metabolic changes are not fully understood.

Copper overload in Paracoccidioides lutzii results in the accumulation of ergosterol and melanin.

Paracoccidioidomycosis is a highly prevalent systemic mycosis in Latin America, caused by fungi of the genus Paracoccidioides. Copper is essential for eukaryotes and bacteria. This micronutrient is used in many vital biochemical processes, although metal excess levels can be toxic for organisms.

Characterization of extracellular proteins in members of the Paracoccidioides complex.

Paracoccidioides is a thermodimorphic fungus that causes Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) - an endemic systemic mycosis in Latin America. The genus comprises several phylogenetic species which present some genetic and serological differences. The diversity presented among isolates of the same genus has been explored in several microorganisms.

Characterizing the nuclear proteome of Paracoccidioides spp.

Paracoccidioidomycosis is an endemic disease in Latin America, caused by thermo dimorphic fungi of the genus Paracoccidioides. Although previous proteome analyses of Paracoccidioides spp. have been carried out, the nuclear subproteome of this pathogen has not been described.