Disparities in Social Determinants of Health Associated With Decreased Likelihood of Receiving Total Joint Arthroplasty.

Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis and hip osteoarthritis (OA) are orthopaedic conditions for which total joint arthroplasty (TJA) is the definitive treatment. The correlation of social determinants of health (SDOH) disparities with access to specialized health care such as TJA is of increasing interest. At our institution, SDOH screening was implemented in 2020.

Revisiting the Consistency of Financial Disclosure Reporting by Authors at Annual Spine Conferences Show Inconsistent Improvements After 14 Years.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study of presenter disclosures from the 2022 North American Spine Society (NASS), Scoliosis Research Society (SRS), and Cervical Spine Research Society (CSRS) annual research conferences.

Objective: The current study aimed to evaluate the consistency of financial disclosures for authors presenting at multiple 2022 spine conferences and compared results to those previously reported in 2008.

Summary Of Background Data: Transparent reporting of financial relationships between physicians and industry is seen as an important way to limit/address potential bias.

Patient Perceptions of East and Southeast Asian Physicians Amidst Anti-Asian Rhetoric During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective: To examine the effects of anti-Asian rhetoric on how patients perceive East/Southeast Asian physicians. This study examines changes in patient satisfaction scores of East/Southeast Asian physicians in a multisite health system following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a multisite retrospective study of clinicians from outpatient practices at a single health care system who received patient satisfaction scores via Press Ganey surveys starting 1 year prepandemic (January 1, 2019) through 2 years into the pandemic (December 31, 2021).

A Rare Case of Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis (Wegener's Granulomatosis) Presenting With Otologic Symptoms and Facial Paralysis.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is an uncommon disorder that causes inflammation of the blood vessels in the nose, throat, lungs, and kidneys. We describe a 20-year-old female who presented to the emergency room with acute left facial paralysis, worsening left-sided otalgia secondary to a hyperemic tympanic membrane with middle ear granulation tissue, nasal obstruction with associated intermittent epistaxis, and cough. A high index of suspicion for GPA helped make an early diagnosis with subsequent initiation of treatment.

Long-term visual outcomes and histopathologic findings after cataract surgery in Ebola virus disease survivors in the Ebola virus RNA persistence in ocular tissues and fluids (EVICT) study.

Background/objectives: Ebola virus disease (EVD) survivors develop post-acute ophthalmic sequelae, including a high prevalence of uveitis that may be complicated by vision-threatening cataract. After the non-detection of Ebola virus (EBOV) RNA in sampled ocular fluid, vision impairment due to cataract can be treated safely and effectively via manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS). However, the long-term ocular visual outcomes and assessment of ocular tissues, including for genomic RNA, have been infrequently or not reported in Western African survivors.

Inability to rescue stalled ribosomes results in overactivation of the integrated stress response.

Endogenous and exogenous chemical agents are known to compromise the integrity of RNA and cause ribosome stalling and collisions. Recent studies have shown that collided ribosomes serve as sensors for multiple processes, including ribosome quality control (RQC) and the integrated stress response (ISR). Since RQC and the ISR have distinct downstream consequences, it is of great importance that organisms activate the appropriate process.

Surgical site infection following isolated lumbar discectomy increases odds of revision lumbar surgery within first 6 months, but not beyond.

Background Context: Lumbar discectomy is a commonly performed surgery following which surgical site infection (SSI) may occur. Prior literature has suggested that, following SSI related to lumbar fusion, the rate of subsequent lumbar surgeries is increased over prolonged periods of time. This has not been studied specifically for lumbar discectomy.

Visual acuity and vision-related quality of life outcomes following cataract surgery in Ebola virus disease survivors.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to assess relationships between vision-related quality of life (QoL) and visual acuity (VA) in Ebola virus disease (EVD) survivors after cataract surgery in the Ebola Viral Persistence in Ocular Tissues and Fluids (EVICT) Study.

Materials And Methods: EVD survivors with undetectable Ebola virus (EBOV) ribonucleic acid in their aqueous humour were eligible to receive manual small-incision cataract surgery (MSICS). Among those that received surgery, assessments of VA and vision-related QoL were assessed pre-and post-cataract surgery.

Anterior cervical decompression and fusion at one and two levels: trends and factors associated with structural allograft versus synthetic cages.

Background: Following decompression in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), reconstruction is typically done with structural allograft or a synthetic cage. Relative trends and factors associated with utilizing these implants have not been well characterized.

Methods: The PearlDiver 2011 to 2021 M157 database was used to identify adult patients undergoing 1- or 2-level ACDF.

Diagnosis of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma masquerading infectious retinitis by retinal biopsy.

Purpose: To report a case of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma masquerading as infectious retinitis that was diagnosed via a retinal biopsy.

Observations: A 72-year-old female patient was referred to our ophthalmology clinic for evaluation of retinitis and vasculitis in the right eye (OD). On examination, best-corrected visual acuities (BCVAs) were hand motions OD and 20/20 in the left eye (OS).

Retinopathy Associated With Ritonavir Treatment for HIV Infection: A Case Series Reappraisal in the COVID-19 Era.

To report 3 cases of retinopathy secondary to ritonavir use in the treatment of HIV. A retrospective review of patient records was performed for data including ophthalmic examination findings, demographic and HIV clinical characteristics, and progression of maculopathy disease. The review identified 3 patients with a history of HIV treated with antiretroviral therapy including ritonavir who had been evaluated for bilateral vision loss in both eyes.

Acute and chronic glutamate NMDA antagonist treatment attenuates dopamine D antagonist-induced reduction of nicotine self-administration in female rats.

Multiple interacting neural systems are involved in sustaining nicotine reinforcement. We and others have shown that dopamine D receptors and glutamate NMDA receptors both play important roles in nicotine reinforcement. Blockade of D receptors with the antagonist SCH-23390 (0.

Emerging Pathogenic Viral Infections of the Eye.

Global health security threats and the public health impact resulting from emerging infectious diseases including the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and recent Ebola virus disease outbreaks continuously emphasize the need for a comprehensive approach to preparedness, management of disease outbreaks, and health sequelae associated with emergent pathogens. A spectrum of associated ophthalmic manifestations, along with the potential persistence of emerging viral pathogens in ocular tissues, highlight the importance of an ophthalmic approach to contributing to efforts in the response to public health emergencies from disease outbreaks. This article summarizes the ophthalmic and systemic findings, epidemiology, and therapeutics for emerging viral pathogens identified by the World Health Organization as high-priority pathogens with epidemic potential.

Innovation in dermatology: where are the dermatologists? A retrospective review of the Pitchbook Database.

To investigate the extent to which dermatologists are involved in innovative dermatology start-up companies, we analyzed the Pitchbook database which covers private capital markets. From January 1, 2010 to June 23, 2021, there were 105 dermatology companies, of which six (5.7%) had a dermatologist chief executive officer (CEO), 16 (15.

Triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension for suprachoroidal use in the treatment of macular edema associated with uveitis.

Introduction: Macular edema due to noninfectious uveitis is a sight-threatening complication that is routinely treated with corticosteroids. Triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension for suprachoroidal use (Xipere) is an alternative treatment option for patients with non-infectious uveitis associated macular edema.

Areas Covered: This review describes the recently FDA approved triamcinolone acetonide injectable suspension that can be injected into the suprachoroidal space.

Hemothorax and Pneumothorax Secondary to Costal Involvement in Hereditary Multiple Exostoses: A Systematic Review of Reported Cases in the Literature.

Hereditary multiple exostoses (HME) are an autosomal dominant skeletal disorder characterized by the development of multiple benign osteochondromas (exostoses) that frequently involve long bones of the body. Less commonly, the ribs are a site of involvement, and long-term friction between an exostosis and pleura can produce a hemothorax or pneumothorax. The purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive review of existing literature on pneumothorax or hemothorax secondary to costal exostosis in HME patients.

Update on the management of uveitis in children: an overview for the clinician.

Introduction: Pediatric uveitis comprises a range of ocular inflammatory diseases that may lead to vision impairment, often due to ocular complications from the disease itself or side effects of therapies. The impact on vision, visual functioning, and vision-related quality-of-life over the lifetime horizon can be substantial, underscoring the importance of appropriate ophthalmic evaluation, diagnostic testing and treatment. This review focuses on the anatomic classification, laboratory diagnosis, associated systemic diseases, and management of pediatric uveitis.