Probiotic Microorganisms in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Live Biotherapeutics as Food.

(1) Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are characterized by chronic and complex inflammatory processes of the digestive tract that evolve with frequent relapses and manifest at any age; they predominantly affect young individuals. Diet plays a direct role in maintaining the gut mucosal integrity and immune function. Regarding the diet, the administration of probiotics stands out.

Encapsulation of polyketide colorants in chitosan and maltodextrin microparticles.

This study aimed to encapsulate Talaromyces amestolkiae colorants in maltodextrin and chitosan microparticles using the spraydrying technique and to evaluate the biopolymers' capacities to protect the fungal colorant against temperature (65 °C) and extreme pH (2.0 and 13.0).

Insect residues as an alternative and promising source for the extraction of chitin and chitosan.

This work aimed to obtain and characterize chitin and chitosan extracted from the rearing residues of Tenebrio molitor, Zophobas morio, and Blaptica dubia insects in different growth stages in the same rearing cycles chitin and chitosan yielded 11.21 %-20.89 % and 6.

Development and characterization of antioxidant and antimicrobial poly (butylene adipate-co-terephtalate) (PBAT) film incorporated with oregano essential oil and applied in sliced mozzarella cheese.

The objective was to develop and characterize biodegradable films with antimicrobial and antioxidant action, using poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) incorporated with OEO - essential oil (Origanum vulgare). The degradation temperature of the OEO increased after incorporation into the PBAT matrix, however, the degradation of the matrix did not undergo considerable changes. The films showed increase in elongation and modulus of elasticity with presence of OEO, however, it reduced the maximum tension.

Bioprospecting and selection of tolerant strains and productive analyses of microalgae grown in vinasse.

In order to contribute to the biotechnology of microalgae cultivated in vinasse, we carried out the bioprospection of tolerant species and synthesized biomolecules of the total biomass (microalgae and bacteria), recovered from cultures. To use vinasse as a culture medium for the microalgae, waste was centrifuged and used in concentrations from 5 to 50%. Daily cell densities, growth rates, and EC50 values were obtained.

Starch chemical modifications applied to drug delivery systems: From fundamentals to FDA-approved raw materials.

Starch derivatives are versatile compounds that are widely used in the pharmaceutical industry. This article reviews the advances in the research on hydrophilic and hydrophobic starch derivatives used to develop drug delivery systems over the last ten years, specifically microparticles, nanoparticles, nanocrystals, hydrogels, and scaffolds using these materials. The fundamentals of drug delivery systems, regulatory aspects, and chemical modifications are also discussed, along with the synthesis of starch derivatives via oxidation, etherification, acid hydrolysis, esterification, and cross-linking.

Mixed and disseminated paracoccidioidomycosis after liver transplantation: Case report.

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic granulomatous fungal infection rarely associated with solid organ transplantation. We report the second case of PCM in an adult after liver transplantation. A 47-year-old woman who had undergone liver transplantation was hospitalized for flu-like symptoms and multiple erythematous ulcerated skin papules.

Preparation and characterization of C-phycocyanin coated with STMP/STPP cross-linked starches from different botanical sources.

This work aimed to use sodium trimetaphosphate/sodium tripolyphosphate cross-linked potato, banana, corn, cassava, and breadfruit starches as wall materials for C-phycocyanin encapsulation, characterize them and evaluate their in vivo pharmacological effects in an inflammation model. The cross-linked starches were successfully obtained, characterized, and submitted to C-phycocyanin encapsulation by freeze-drying. The characterization of cross-linked starches-C-phycocyanin composites by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, and differential scanning calorimetry demonstrated that the C-phycocyanin was encapsulated between amorphous chains of cross-linked starches.

Spirulina sp. LEB 18 cultivation in a raceway-type bioreactor using wastewater from desalination process: Production of carbohydrate-rich biomass.

This study aimed to evaluate the biomass production of Spirulina sp. LEB 18 cultivated in wastewater from the desalination process. The outdoor cultivations (210 L) were performed using as culture medium 100% wastewater supplemented with 25% of Zarrouk constituents (Tcs).

Brackish Groundwater from Brazilian Backlands in Spirulina Cultures: Potential of Carbohydrate and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Production.

The composition of brackish groundwater from Brazilian backlands contains important elements necessary for metabolism in microalgae. This study evaluated the use of 100% brackish groundwater with different amounts of Zarrouk nutrients for Spirulina sp. LEB 18 cultivation.

Production and characterization of Spirulina sp. LEB 18 cultured in reused Zarrouk's medium in a raceway-type bioreactor.

The objective was to evaluate the effect of reusing Zarrouk's medium on a Spirulina sp. LEB 18 culture by determining kinetic parameters, chemical composition, biofuels, and thermal characterization. Cultivation was performed in a raceway bioreactor for 7 days, the supernatant was reused for four cycles.

Xanthan Gum Production by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris IBSBF 1866 and 1867 from Lignocellulosic Agroindustrial Wastes.

This study aimed to evaluate the properties of xanthan gum produced by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris 1866 and 1867 from lignocellulosic agroindustrial wastes. XG was produced using an orbital shaker in a culture medium containing coconut shell (CS), cocoa husks (CH), or sucrose (S) minimally supplemented with urea and potassium.

Population dynamics of Siderastrea stellata Verrill, 1868 from Rocas Atoll, RN: implications for predicted climate change impacts at the only South Atlantic atoll.

Coral reefs are one of the most vulnerable ecosystems to ocean warming and acidification, and it is important to determine the role of reef building species in this environment in order to obtain insight into their susceptibility to expected impacts of global changes. Aspects of the life history of a coral population, such as reproduction, growth and size-frequency can contribute to the production of models that are used to estimate impacts and potential recovery of the population, acting as a powerful tool for the conservation and management of those ecosystems. Here, we present the first evidence of Siderastrea stellata planulation, its early growth, population size-frequency distribution and growth rate of adult colonies in Rocas Atoll.