MicroRNA Transcriptomes Reveal Prevalence of Rare and Species-Specific Arm Switching Events During Zebrafish Ontogenesis.

In metazoans, microRNAs (miRNAs) are essential regulators of gene expression, affecting critical cellular processes from differentiation and proliferation, to homeostasis. During miRNA biogenesis, the miRNA strand that loads onto the RNA-induced Silencing Complex (RISC) can vary, leading to changes in gene targeting and modulation of biological pathways. To investigate the impact of these "arm switching" events on gene regulation, we analyzed a diverse range of tissues and developmental stages in zebrafish by comparing 5p and 3p arms accumulation dynamics between embryonic developmental stages, adult tissues, and sexes.

Is There a Relationship Between Birth Quartile and Vertical Jump Performance Among Young Male Elite Volleyball Athletes?

Vertical jump is an important skill that influences volleyball performance. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between vertical jump performance and birth quartile of Brazilian male youth volleyball players. We calculated chi-square goodness-of-fit tests to compare the athletes' birthdate distributions in quarters of their birth years (Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4) according to player age categories (U17, U18, U19, and U21).

Antifungal edible coatings for fruits based on zein and chitosan nanowhiskers.

Fresh produce have a more limited shelf life than processed ones. Their sensory attributes such as appearance and surface texture are important features in consumer perception and liking. The decomposition of fresh produce, which is caused by enzymes, chemical reactions, and microbial infections, often caused by Colletotrichum species, is inevitable.

Targeting ryanodine receptor type 2 to mitigate chemotherapy-induced neurocognitive impairments in mice.

Chemotherapy-induced cognitive dysfunction (chemobrain) is an important adverse sequela of chemotherapy. Chemobrain has been identified by the National Cancer Institute as a poorly understood problem for which current management or treatment strategies are limited or ineffective. Here, we show that chemotherapy treatment with doxorubicin (DOX) in a breast cancer mouse model induced protein kinase A (PKA) phosphorylation of the neuronal ryanodine receptor/calcium (Ca) channel type 2 (RyR2), RyR2 oxidation, RyR2 nitrosylation, RyR2 calstabin2 depletion, and subsequent RyR2 Ca leakiness.

Osteosarcoma in a free-living yellow armadillo (Euphractus sexcinctus).

An adult male free-living yellow armadillo (Euphractus sexcinctus) was found by hunters and referred for clinical evaluation because of a tumour-like lesion on the carapace. The animal was lethargic and weak with severe dehydration, enophthalmos and cachexia, and was euthanized because of its very poor clinical condition. Necropsy revealed a whitish, exophytic, irregular and moist mass (7 × 6.

Upper and Lower Limbs Acute Fatigue Did Not Mitigate Male Trained Air Force Soldiers' Marksmanship.

In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of acute fatigue on pistol shooting performance among Air Force marksmen. We compared the accuracy, precision, speed-accuracy trade-off, shooting cycle time, and hits on a silhouette target among 12 Brazilian Air Force servicemen ( age = 21.5, - 1.

Adaptive Parameters for LoRa-Based Networks Physical-Layer.

Sub-GHz communication provides long-range coverage with low power consumption and reduced deployment cost. LoRa (Long-Range) has emerged, among existing LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Networks) technologies, as a promising physical layer alternative to provide ubiquitous connectivity to outdoor IoT devices. LoRa modulation technology supports adapting transmissions based on parameters such as carrier frequency, channel bandwidth, spreading factor, and code rate.

Tube-in-tube endoscopic vacuum therapy for treatment of colorectal anastomotic leaks: A low-cost, patient-friendly, feasible and efficient technical modification of sponge-based endoscopic vacuum therapy.

Background And Aims: Colorectal endoscopic vacuum therapy (CR EVT) is usually performed using sponges passed through the anus. It may be associated with patient discomfort and displacement of the aspiration tube.

Methods: With the tube-in-tube endoscopic vacuum therapy modification (CR TT-EVT), it is possible to position the aspiration tube in the pelvic cavity through the abdominal wall.

Does Relative Age Effect Exist in Paralympic Sport? A Study With Brazilian Paralympic Swimmers.

A Relative Age Effect (RAE), by which young athletes with birthdates early in a calendar year have experienced a team selection advantage that persists throughout their careers, has been found to be prevalent in many sports. However, this phenomenon has not been investigated in the Paralympic sports context. Thus, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of RAE among male and female Brazilian Paralympic swimmers.

Prevalence of the Relative Age Effect in Elite Brazilian Volleyball: An Analysis Based on Gender, the Playing Position, and Performance Indicators.

Athletes born closer to an arbitrary cut-off date are more likely to reach an elite level in sport, which is supported by a phenomenon called the relative age effect (RAE). It is important to determine whether this phenomenon is present in a sport to minimize this selection bias. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of RAE in elite volleyball athletes, considering the influence of gender, the playing position (Setter, Middle, Libero, Opposite, and Outside Hitter) and the performance level (attack points, aces, and block points).

The Relative Age Effect in Male and Female Brazilian Elite Volleyball Athletes of Varied Competitive Levels.

Volleyball is a popular sport in Brazil, and the relative age effect (RAE) is known to occur within it; but less is known of how RAE relates to elite Brazilian volleyball players' age, sex, and competitive levels. We aimed to investigate RAE prevalence with data from two seasons of play among players in the Superliga A (2020/2021 and 2021/2022 seasons), and Superliga B (2021 and 2022 seasons) made available from the Brazilian Volleyball Confederation (CBV), the club's official website, or direct consultation with the CBV. After removing duplicate data, we grouped these 1,063 athletes by their dates of birth, sex, and competition level (Superliga A or B).

The variant in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase causes morphological and functional cerebrovascular deficits in mice.

Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) particularly Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRDs) are increasing; however, mechanisms driving cerebrovascular decline are poorly understood. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a critical enzyme in the folate and methionine cycles. Variants in notably   are associated with dementias, but no mouse model existed to identify mechanisms by which increases risk.

Pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and transcriptomic analysis of chronic levetiracetam treatment in 5XFAD mice: A MODEL-AD preclinical testing core study.

Introduction: Hyperexcitability and epileptiform activity are commonplace in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and associated with impaired cognitive function. The anti-seizure drug levetiracetam (LEV) is currently being evaluated in clinical trials for ability to reduce epileptiform activity and improve cognitive function in AD. The purpose of our studies was to establish a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) relationship with LEV in an amyloidogenic mouse model of AD to enable predictive preclinical to clinical translation, using the rigorous preclinical testing pipeline of the Model Organism Development and Evaluation for Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease Preclinical Testing Core.

Interacts With High Fat/High Sugar Diet to Accelerate Alzheimer's Disease-Relevant Phenotypes in Mice.

Obesity is recognized as a significant risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Studies have supported the notion that obesity accelerates AD-related pathophysiology in mouse models of AD. The majority of studies, to date, have focused on the use of early-onset AD models.

Expectation of Teaching and Self-Controlled KR in Motor Skills Acquisition: Are There Additive Effects?

Recent evidence suggests learning a motor skill with the expectation of teaching it enhances motor learning. The mechanisms underlying this effect seem to be similar to those of another motor learning condition, the self-control of knowledge of results (KR). Considering the similarities between the mechanisms that underlie these conditions, we aimed to investigate the learning effects obtained through expected teaching and self-controlled conditions, and whether these effects would be additive.

Did the Absence of Crowd Support During the Covid-19 Pandemic Affect the Home Advantage in Brazilian Elite Soccer?

This study aimed to investigate the impact of crowd absence due to the COVID-19 pandemic on home advantage in Series A and B of professional Brazilian male soccer. Moreover, we sought to compare the home advantage between different competitive levels. Data from 2018 to 2020 Brazilian professional soccer championships (Series A and B) were analyzed, consisting of 2280 matches.

Macrobrachium amazonicum (Crustacea, Decapoda) Used to Biomonitor Mercury Contamination in Rivers.

Open-air landfill's may be are considered as a potential source of human environmental exposure to chemical substances such as, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and toxic metals. Due to possible availability of mercury in the environment caused by open landfill emissions, this study evaluates the spatiality and seasonality of macroinvertebrates, in particular shrimps (Macrobrachium amazonicum), exposure to mercury (Hg). Information regarding Hg accumulation in this crustacean may be important for the development of public policies aiming conservation and preservation of ecosystems surrounding landfills in Amazon, and around the world.

Understanding the Modus Operandi of MicroRNA Regulatory Clusters.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that regulate a wide range of biological pathways by post-transcriptionally modulating gene expression levels. Given that even a single miRNA may simultaneously control several genes enrolled in multiple biological functions, one would expect that these tiny RNAs have the ability to properly sort among distinctive cellular processes to drive protein production. To test this hypothesis, we scrutinized previously published microarray datasets and clustered protein-coding gene expression profiles according to the intensity of fold-change levels caused by the exogenous transfection of 10 miRNAs (miR-1, miR-7, miR-9, miR-124, miR-128a, miR-132, miR-133a, miR-142, miR-148b, miR-181a) in a human cell line.

Relative Age Effect is Modulated by Playing Position but is Not Related to Competitive Success in Elite Under-19 Handball Athletes.

This study aimed to verify the occurrence of the relative age effect (RAE) in male elite young handball athletes according to the playing position and its association with team performance in a World Championship. Data from 383 handball athletes from 24 countries who participated in the 7 World Men's Championship in the under-19 category were analyzed. RAE was investigated from the birth trimester of the athletes, their playing position, and final ranking in the Championship.

Zooplankton From a Reef System Under the Influence of the Amazon River Plume.

At the mouth of the Amazon River, a widespread carbonate ecosystem exists below the river plume, generating a hard-bottom reef (∼9500 km) that includes mainly large sponges but also rhodolith beds. The mesozooplankton associated with the pelagic realm over the reef formation was characterized, considering the estuarine plume and oceanic influence. Vertical hauls were carried out using a standard plankton net with 200 μm mesh size during September 2014.

MirrARbilitation: A clinically-related gesture recognition interactive tool for an AR rehabilitation system.

Background And Objective: Interactive systems for rehabilitation have been widely investigated for motivational purposes. However, more attention should be given to the manner in which user movements are recognized and categorized. This paper aims to evaluate the efficacy of using a clinically-related gesture recognition tool, based on the international biomechanical standards (ISB) for the reporting of human joint motion, for the development of an interactive augmented reality (AR) rehabilitation system -mirrARbilitation.

Effects of high voltage electrical stimulation on the rate of pH decline, meat quality and color stability in chilled beef carcasses.

Objective: To determine the effects of high voltage electrical stimulation (HVES, 800 Voltage) on rapid decreases in pH values and improvements in meat quality.

Methods: A total of 50 beef carcasses were applied, divided into two groups, one as a control and another for HVES. Meat quality was evaluated based on M.

Improved synthesis of seven aromatic Baylis-Hillman adducts (BHA): evaluation against Artemia salina Leach. and Leishmania chagasi.

We described a very efficient procedure to prepare seven aromatic compounds (1-7), a new class of antileishmanial substances, through Baylis-Hillman reaction (BHR). With one, all the Baylis-Hillman adducts were prepared in quantitative yields by reaction of the corresponding aromatic aldehydes in acrylonitrile at 0 degrees C in only 10-40min reaction time. We present our results about the toxicities of these compounds evaluated on the microcrustaceous Artemia salina Leach.