Muscle Activity Before and After Subacromial Injection.

Context: Shoulder muscle activation in patients with subacromial impingement is highly cited and variable in the literature. Differences between studies could be due to artifacts introduced by normalization practices in the presence of pain. Ultimately, this lack of knowledge pertaining to pathogenesis limits the clinical treatment and restoration of muscular function.

Gravitational torque partially accounts for proprioceptive acuity.

Proprioception of the upper extremity is commonly measured using joint position sense tasks. Recent evidence suggests heightened position sense at elevation angles in the shoulder and elbow near 90° in the sagittal plane. The influence of external torque has been suggested to play a pivotal role in the heightened acuity in elevated positions due to increased moment arm with respect to gravitational vectors.

Patients with type 2 diabetes demonstrate proprioceptive deficit in the knee.

Aim: To investigate proprioceptive discrepancies in the lower extremity in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 46 older persons were divided into a T2DM group ( = 23) and a control group who did not have T2DM ( = 23). Participants were given a brief warm up with stretching exercises.

Subacromial Anesthetics Increase Proprioceptive Deficit in the Shoulder and Elbow in Patients With Subacromial Impingement Syndrome.

Shoulder proprioception gives information regarding arm joint position and movement direction. Several studies have investigated shoulder proprioceptive acuity in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome (SIS); however, differences in protocols and between-subjects designs have limited scientific inferences regarding proprioception and SIS. We aimed to determine within-subject differences in shoulder and elbow proprioceptive acuity in 17 patients with stage 2 SIS following treatment of a local anesthetic injection.

Normalization to Maximal Voluntary Contraction is Influenced by Subacromial Pain.

In this study, we aimed to determine if electromyography (EMG) normalization to maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC) was influenced by subacromial pain in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome. Patients performed MVICs in unique testing positions for each shoulder muscle tested before and after subacromial injection of local anesthetic. In addition to collection of MVIC data, EMG data during an arm elevation task were recorded before and after injection.