Acyclic Stereocontrol in the Additions of Nucleophilic Alkenes to α-Chiral N-Sulfonyl Imines.

Diastereoselective Lewis acid-mediated additions of nucleophilic alkenes to N-sulfonyl imines are reported. The canonical polar Felkin-Anh model describing additions to carbonyls does not adequately describe analogous additions to N-sulfonyl imines. Herein, we describe the development of conditions to produce both syn and anti products with high diastereoselectivity and good yields.

Diastereoselective Base-Catalyzed Formal [4 + 2] Cycloadditions of N-Sulfonyl Imines and Cyclic Anhydrides.

A diastereoselective base-catalyzed Mannich reaction of cyclic, enolizable anhydrides and N-sulfonyl imines for the synthesis of δ-lactams is reported. This anhydride Mannich reaction tolerates imines derived from aryl and enolizable aldehydes. A base-catalyzed product epimerization pathway ensures high anti diastereoselectivity in aryl and achiral enolizable imines.

Targeting quinolone- and aminocoumarin-resistant bacteria with new gyramide analogs that inhibit DNA gyrase.

Bacterial DNA gyrase is an essential type II topoisomerase that enables cells to overcome topological barriers encountered during replication, transcription, recombination, and repair. This enzyme is ubiquitous in bacteria and represents an important clinical target for antibacterial therapy. In this paper we report the characterization of three exciting new gyramide analogs-from a library of 183 derivatives-that are potent inhibitors of DNA gyrase and are active against clinical strains of gram-negative bacteria (, , and 3 of 10 wild-type strains tested) and gram-positive bacteria (, , , and ; all 9 of the wild-type strains tested).

How active are rural children and adolescents during PE class? An examination of light physical activity.

Background: Few studies have examined non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) or light physical activity among a group of rural youth, particularly during physical education (PE) class. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the percent of PE class time spent in NEAT is related to school level (elementary versus high school) in a group of rural youth.

Methods: Accelerometer data from 357 students (192 elementary, 165 high school) were included in the analysis.

Assessing moderate to vigorous physical activity in rural West Virginia elementary school physical education classes.

Background: Physical education (PE) provides a natural opportunity for students to be physically active during the school day; however, the amount and intensity of this activity varies. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that students engage in MVPA for at least 50% of their PE class period. The purpose of the present study was to quantify the amount of MVPA that occurs during elementary school PE.

Exploring the relationship between parental concern and the management of childhood obesity.

Parental concern about child weight has been identified as a factor in parental monitoring and regulation of child diet. However, little is known about factors that influence parental concern or about how concern may influence parent management of child physical activity. The objectives of the current study were to identify the factors associated with parental concern about child weight and determine if parental concern is associated with specific actions to improve diet and increase physical activity.