Bioprinted Multicomponent Hydrogel Co-culture Tumor-Immune Model for Assessing and Simulating Tumor-Infiltrated Lymphocyte Migration and Functional Activation.

The immune response against a tumor is characterized by the interplay among components of the immune system and neoplastic cells. Here, we bioprinted a model with two distinct regions containing gastric cancer patient-derived organoids (PDOs) and tumor-infiltrated lymphocytes (TILs). The initial cellular distribution allows for the longitudinal study of TIL migratory patterns concurrently with multiplexed cytokine analysis.

Bioprinted cancer-stromalmodels in a decellularized ECM-based bioink exhibit progressive remodeling and maturation.

Constant matrix remodeling and cellular heterogeneity in cancer are key contributors to its development and can profoundly alter treatment efficacy. Developingmodels containing relevant features that can recapitulate these aspects of the tumor microenvironment and that are well characterized can circumvent the limitations of conventional 2D cultures and animal models. Automated fabrication methods combined with biomimetic biomaterials have provided the opportunity to create platforms that can potentially incorporate a heterogeneous population of cells in a 3D environment that allows cell-cell and cell-ECM interactions with reproducibility.

Constructing 3D In Vitro Models of Heterocellular Solid Tumors and Stromal Tissues Using Extrusion-Based Bioprinting.

Malignant tumor tissues exhibit inter- and intratumoral heterogeneities, aberrant development, dynamic stromal composition, diverse tissue phenotypes, and cell populations growing within localized mechanical stresses in hypoxic conditions. Experimental tumor models employing engineered systems that isolate and study these complex variables using techniques are under development as complementary methods to preclinical models. Here, advances in extrusion bioprinting as an enabling technology to recreate the three-dimensional tumor milieu and its complex heterogeneous characteristics are reviewed.

Decellularized ECM hydrogels: prior use considerations, applications, and opportunities in tissue engineering and biofabrication.

Tissue development, wound healing, pathogenesis, regeneration, and homeostasis rely upon coordinated and dynamic spatial and temporal remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules. ECM reorganization and normal physiological tissue function, require the establishment and maintenance of biological, chemical, and mechanical feedback mechanisms directed by cell-matrix interactions. To replicate the physical and biological environment provided by the ECM , methods have been developed to decellularize and solubilize tissues which yield organ and tissue-specific bioactive hydrogels.