Unusual bifrontal cerebral infarction related to pituitary apoplexy. An uncommon presentation and literature review.

Background: Pituitary apoplexy (PA) is a syndromic condition described in 1950. The main symptoms are headache, visual impairment, ophthalmoplegia, and hypopituitarism. The relationship between stroke and PA is uncommon and two mechanisms are described: vascular compression and vasospasm.

Impact of COVID-19 on Neurosurgery in Brazil's Health System: The Reality of a Developing Country Affected by the Pandemic.

Background: The coronavirus disease identified in 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic changed neurosurgery protocols to provide ongoing care for patients while ensuring the safety of health care workers. In Brazil, the rapid spread of the disease led to new challenges in the health system. Neurooncology practice was one of the most affected by the pandemic due to restricted elective procedures and new triage protocols.

IDH1-mutant primary intraventricular gliosarcoma: Case report and systematic review of a rare location and molecular profile.

Background: Gliosarcoma (GS) is classified as an IDH-wild-type variant of glioblastoma (GBM). While GS is already an unusual presentation of GBM, IDH1-mutant cases are especially rare. We present an IDH1-mutant primary intraventricular GS case report and a systematic review of the molecular profile in GS correlating to the prognostic and pathogenesis of IDH1/2 mutations.

Pure endoscopic transsphenoidal treatment of skull base ameloblastoma with intracranial extension: Case report and literature review.

Background: Ameloblastoma is a benign locally invasive lesion that represents 1% of all oral tumors. Epidemiological characteristics are variable in the literature. The most common origin sites are mandible and maxilla.

Intraparenchymal Epidermoid Cyst Close to Broca Area-Awake Craniotomy and Gross Total Resection.

Background: Epidermoid tumors, or epidermoid cysts (ECs), are benign, slow-growing, congenital, and rare lesions that represent approximately 0.2%-1.8% of all intracranial tumors.

Tenth case of bilateral hemifacial spasm treated by microvascular decompression: Review of the pathophysiology.

Background: Bilateral hemifacial spasm (BHFS) is a rare neurological syndrome whose diagnosis depends on excluding other facial dyskinesias. We present a case of BHFS along with a literature review.

Methods: A 64-year-old white, hypertense male reported involuntary left hemiface contractions in 2001 (aged 50).

Endoscopic Endonasal Surgery for Treatment of Pituitary Apoplexy: 16 Years of Experience in a Specialized Pituitary Center.

Objective: Symptomatic pituitary apoplexy is a rare but life-threatening condition caused by sudden hemorrhage or infarction of a pituitary adenoma. In the current study, we aim to evaluate the clinical presentation, management, and clinical outcomes in a cohort of patients who were treated for this condition in our center in the last 16 years.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent endoscopic endonasal surgery for treatment of symptomatic pituitary apoplexy between 2001 and 2016 in our center.

Long-Term Follow-Up of Anterior Pituitary Deficiency after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Prospective Cohort.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of hypopituitarism in the acute stage after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) as well at the chronic stage, at least 1 year after bleeding, to assess its implications and correlation with clinical features of the studied population.

Patients And Methods: This was a prospective cohort study that evaluated patients admitted between December 2009 and May 2011 with a diagnosis of SAH secondary to cerebral aneurysm rupture. Clinical and endocrine assessment was performed during the acute stage after hospital admission and before treatment at a mean of 7.

Surgical treatment of the intracranial pial arteriovenous fistula.

Background: Pial arteriovenous fistula (PAVF) is a rare vascular condition comprising of one or more arterial vessels that are in direct communication with the draining veins. The condition is also characterized by the absence of a nidus. Due to high blood flows, varicose systems adjacent to the fistula appear.

Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery in elderly patients with pituitary adenomas.

Object: With the increase in the average life expectancy, medical care of elderly patients with symptomatic pituitary adenoma (PA) will continue to grow. Little information exists in the literature about the surgical treatment of these patients. The aim of this study was to present the results of a single pituitary center in the surgical treatment of PAs in patients > 70 years of age.

E-learning for neurosurgeons: Getting the most from the new web tools.

As open access resource, the role of Internet has been increasing in our professional life. There are several emergent new tools that can facilitate and make it more efficient to get accurate and reliable information. In this article, we discuss how we can manage to get the most from these new instruments, like blogs, Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn, in order to improve clinical practice.

Open-ring enhancement in pseudotumoral multiple sclerosis: important radiological aspect.

Introduction. Observation of open-ring enhancement in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is considered a specificity marker for diagnosing pseudotumoral multiple sclerosis (MS). This finding is of great value in the differential diagnosis of tumefactive lesions.

Vitamin B12 extensive thoracic myelopathy: clinical, radiological and prognostic aspects. Two cases report and literature review.

The myelopathy caused by vitamin B12 deficiency is known as subacute combined degeneration. It is rare, but a well known cause of demyelination of the dorsal columns of the spinal cord. The magnetic resonance imaging is characterized by an increased signal on T2-weighted images involving the posterior columns of cervical and thoracic cord.

Skin closure in vascular neurosurgery: A prospective study on absorbable intradermal suture versus nonabsorbable suture.

Background: The craniotomy performed with minimal hair removal and closure with intradermal suture alone is an option in neurosurgical procedures, which can help faster psychological recovery of the patient, as it allows a better cosmetic result. This study is aimed at evaluating if such method is safe and effective, compared with continuous skin sutures with 2-0 nylon.

Methods: We analyzed the sutures in 117 patients undergoing craniotomies for cerebral aneurysm clipping.

Blogs for neurosurgeons.

Blogs are useful tools to research and to disseminate information. As they allow people who do not have specific knowledge on the building of sites to post content on the internet, they turned out to be very popular. In the past years, there has been a rapid expansion of blogs on several subjects and nowadays there are over 156 million blogs online.

Pseudotumoral form of cerebral Schistosomiasis mansoni.

Objective: To describe published cases of cerebral mansoni schistosomiasis and three others and discuss the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral pseudotumoral schistosomiasis.

Case Descriptions: In case 1, a 20-year-old man presented with occipital headache, intense dizziness, visual alterations, nausea, decreased appetite, and asthenia. Cranial computed tomography (CT) revealed an expansive cerebellar lesion in the right hemisphere with no contrast enhancement.

Pure endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for treatment of acromegaly: results of 67 cases treated in a pituitary center.

Object: Acromegaly is a chronic disease related to the excess of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor–I secretion, usually by pituitary adenomas. Traditional treatment of acromegaly consists of surgery, drug therapy, and eventually radiotherapy. The introduction of endoscopy as an additional tool for surgical treatment of pituitary adenomas and, therefore, acromegaly represents an important advance of pituitary surgery in the recent years.

Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery: surgical results of 228 pituitary adenomas treated in a pituitary center.

Pituitary tumors are challenging tumors in the sellar region. Surgical approaches to the pituitary have undergone numerous refinements over the last 100 years. The introduction of the endoscope have revolutionized pituitary surgery.

Headache associated with pituitary tumors.

The objective of this study is to analyze the presence of headache in pituitary tumors and their characteristics, the relationship between pituitary tumor size, biological type, local extension and intrasellar pressure (ISP). This is a prospective study, of 64 consecutive patients presenting with primary pituitary masses at Neuroendocrinological Department of General Hospital of Fortaleza from October 2005 to December 2006. We analyzed sex, age, headache (laterality, site, severity, quality, frequency, duration, associated symptoms, time of onset, trigger, alleviating factors and familial history) and tumor characteristics (type, size, quiasmatic compression, cavernous sinus invasion, sella turcica destruction, cystic or solid mass and ISP).