miRNA and mRNA Signatures in Human Acute Kidney Injury Tissue.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an important contributor to the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). There is a need to understand molecular mediators that drive recovery and progression to CKD. In particular, the regulatory role of miRNAs in AKI is poorly understood.

The Kidney Precision Medicine Project and Single-Cell Biology of the Injured Proximal Tubule.

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has led to major advances in our understanding of proximal tubule subtypes in health and disease. The proximal tubule serves essential functions in overall homeostasis, but pathologic or physiological perturbations can affect its transcriptomic signature and corresponding tasks. These alterations in proximal tubular cells are often described within a scRNA-seq atlas as cell states, which are pathophysiological subclassifications based on molecular and morphologic changes in a cell's response to that injury compared with its native state.

Lesson on obesity and anatomy of adipose tissue: new models of study in the era of clinical and translational research.

Obesity is a serious global illness that is frequently associated with metabolic syndrome. Adipocytes are the typical cells of adipose organ, which is composed of at least two different tissues, white and brown adipose tissue. They functionally cooperate, interconverting each other under physiological conditions, but differ in their anatomy, physiology, and endocrine functions.

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement with corevalve self-expanding bioprosthesis: Clinical and durability data up to 12 years.

Background And Aims: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) determined a paradigm shift in the treatment of patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis but data on very long-term durability are lacking. We sought to evaluate the clinical and hemodynamic outcomes of the CoreValve porcine pericardial self-expanding bioprosthesis at 12-year follow-up.

Methods: 882 inoperable or high-risk patients were treated with the CoreValve bioprosthesis in 8 Italian high-volume centers between 2007 and 2011.

Correction: Zwergel et al. Novel Quinoline Compounds Active in Cancer Cells through Coupled DNA Methyltransferase Inhibition and Degradation. 2020, , 447.

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Role of Perturbated Hemostasis in MASLD and Its Correlation with Adipokines.

The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) continues to rise, making it one of the most prevalent chronic liver disorders. MASLD encompasses a range of liver pathologies, from simple steatosis to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) with inflammation, hepatocyte damage, and fibrosis. Interestingly, the liver exhibits close intercommunication with fatty tissue.

Redox State Modulatory Activity and Cytotoxicity of L. (Oleaceae) Leaves Extract Enriched in Polyphenols Using Macroporous Resin.

The food products derived from are a fundamental part of the Mediterranean diet, and their health-promoting effects are well known. In this study, we analyzed the phytochemical characteristics, the redox state modulatory activity, and the cytotoxic effect of an olive leaf aqueous extract enriched by macroporous resin on different tumor and normal cell lines (LNCaP, PC3, HFF-1). HPLC-DAD analysis, the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride methods confirmed the qualitatively and quantitatively high content of phenolic compounds (130.

miRNA and mRNA Signatures in Human Acute Kidney Injury Tissue.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an important contributor to the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). There is a need to understand molecular mediators that drive either recovery or progression to CKD. In particular, the role of miRNA and its regulatory role in AKI is poorly understood.

Neurological Complications in Pregnancy and the Puerperium: Methodology for a Clinical Diagnosis.

Neurological complications in pregnancy and the puerperium deserve particular attention from specialists due to the worsening of the clinical picture for both the mother and the fetus. This narrative review of existing data in the literature aims to analyze the most common "red flag symptoms" attributable to neurological complications such as pre-eclampsia (PE), eclampsia, HELLP syndrome, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS), stroke, CVS thrombosis, pituitary apoplexy, amniotic fluid embolism and cerebral aneurysm rupture, with the aim of providing a rapid diagnostic algorithm useful for the early diagnosis and treatment of these complications. The data were derived through the use of PubMed.

Arthroscopic Hill-Sachs Filling Technique Using an Absorbable Interference Screw.

We present an arthroscopic technique used to treat traumatic shoulder instability in the patient with a Hill-Sachs lesion, especially an off-track lesion. The incidence of this bony defect is approximately 40% to 90% of all anterior shoulder instability cases-and up to 100% in patients with recurrent anterior instability. Incorrect management of this humeral bone defect can lead to treatment failure, and it is essential to define characteristics such as the lesion's location, depth, width, and orientation.

Splenocolic fistula in a patient with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: A case report and review of literature.

A fistula that connects the bowel to other organs, such as the urinary bladder or small intestine, is a relatively frequent complication, often associated with inflammatory diseases such as diverticulitis, Crohn's disease, colorectal cancer, or lymphoma. Splenocolic fistula is an extremely rare condition described in the literature. It can occur in cases of splenic tumors, including splenic diffuse large B cell lymphoma.

The density of crown-like structures in epicardial adipose tissue could play a role in cardiovascular diseases.

Purpose: The visceral fat of patients affected by abdominal obesity is inflamed, and the main histopathologic feature is the high density of crown-like structures (CLS). Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a visceral fat of paramount importance for its relationships with coronary vessels and myocardium. Its inflammation in patients with abdominal obesity could be of clinical relevance, but histopathological studies on CLS density in EAT are lacking.

Mechanical Performance and Metallurgical Characteristics of 5 Different Single-file Reciprocating Instruments: A Comparative In Vitro and Laboratory Study.

Introduction: Because there are no data regarding an instrument recently introduced on the market (OneRECI; Coltene MicroMega, Besançon, France), the aim of this study was to assess its mechanical and metallurgical properties comparing them with the following widespread reciprocating instruments: Reciproc (VDW, Munich, Germany), Reciproc Blue (VDW), EdgeOne Fire (EdgeEndo, Albuquerque, NM), and WaveOne Gold (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland).

Methods: A total of 65 nickel-titanium files from 5 different reciprocating systems (OneRECI, Reciproc, Reciproc Blue, EdgeOne Fire, and WaveOne Gold) were evaluated throughout a combined mechanical and metallurgical method. Mechanical performances of the selected file were examined by subjecting each specimen to cyclic fatigue and torsional and bending resistance tests, whereas their metallurgical properties were assessed by analyzing the nickel-titanium alloy composition and the phase transformation temperatures through energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively.

Associations of urinary and dietary cadmium with urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine and blood biochemical parameters.

Cadmium is a heavy metal with established adverse effects on human health, namely on bone, liver and kidney function and the cardiovascular system. We assessed cadmium exposure and its correlation with biomarkers of toxicity. We recruited 137 non-smoking blood donors without a history of chronic disease or cancer who resided in the Northern Italy province of Reggio Emilia (mean age 47 years, range 30-60 years) in the 2017-2019 period.

Comparison of Two Alternative Procedures to Obtain Packed Red Blood Cells for β-Thalassemia Major Transfusion Therapy.

β-thalassemia major (βTM) patients require frequent blood transfusions, with consequences that span from allogenic reactions to iron overload. To minimize these effects, βTM patients periodically receive leucodepleted packed red blood cells (P-RBCs) stored for maximum 14 days. The aim of this study was to compare two alternative routine procedures to prepare the optimal P-RBCs product, in order to identify differences in their content that may somehow affect patients' health and quality of life (QoL).

Opioids and Breast Cancer Recurrence: A Systematic Review.

Breast cancer has the greatest epidemiological impact in women. Opioids represent the most prescribed analgesics, both in surgical time and in immediate postoperative period, as well as in chronic pain management as palliative care. We made a systematic review analyzing the literature's evidence about the safety of opioids in breast cancer treatment, focusing our attention on the link between opioid administration and increased relapses.

Association of Urinary and Dietary Selenium and of Serum Selenium Species with Serum Alanine Aminotransferase in a Healthy Italian Population.

The trace element selenium is of considerable interest due to its toxic and nutritional properties, which markedly differ according to the dose and the chemical form. It has been shown that excess selenium intake increases the risk of type 2 diabetes and, possibly, other metabolic diseases like hyperlipidemia and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). For the latter, however, epidemiologic evidence is still limited.

Novel Quantification of Extracellular Vesicles with Unaltered Surface Membranes Using an Internalized Oligonucleotide Tracer and Applied Pharmacokinetic Multiple Compartment Modeling.

Purpose: We developed an accessible method for labeling small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) without disrupting endogenous ligands. Using labeled sEVs administered to conscious rats, we developed a multiple compartment pharmacokinetic model to identify potential differences in the disposition of sEVs from three different cell types.

Methods: Crude sEVs were labeled with a non-homologous oligonucleotide and isolated from cell culture media using a commercial reagent.

Associations between Urinary and Dietary Selenium and Blood Metabolic Parameters in a Healthy Northern Italy Population.

Selenium is both an essential nutrient and a highly toxic element, depending on its dose and chemical forms. We aimed to quantify urinary selenium excretion and dietary selenium intake in 137 healthy non-smoking blood donors living in the northern Italian province of Reggio Emilia. We assessed selenium status by determining urinary selenium levels (mean 26.

Gastric ghrelin cells in obese patients are hyperactive.

Background/objectives: Distribution and activity of ghrelin cells in the stomach of obese subjects are controversial.

Subjects/methods: We examined samples from stomachs removed by sleeve gastrectomy in 49 obese subjects (normoglycemic, hyperglycemic and diabetic) and quantified the density of ghrelin/chromogranin endocrine cells by immunohistochemistry. Data were compared with those from 13 lean subjects evaluated by gastroscopy.

Multiple reaction monitoring profiling as an analytical strategy to investigate lipids in extracellular vesicles.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) convey information used in cell-to-cell interactions. Lipid analysis of EVs remains challenging because of small sample amounts available. Lipid discovery using traditional mass spectrometry platforms based on liquid chromatography and high mass resolution typically employs milligram sample amounts.

Antiproliferative Effect and Cell Cycle Alterations Induced by Salvia officinalis Essential Oil and Its Three Main Components in Human Colon Cancer Cell Lines.

Colon cancer is one of the most common human malignancies, and chemotherapy cannot yet prevent recurrence in all patients. Essential oils are phytocomplexes with antiproliferative properties. In this study, we elucidated the antiproliferative properties and the effect on cell cycle progression of Sicilian Salvia officinalis essential oil and its three main compounds, α-thujone, 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol) and camphor, on three human colon cancer cell lines.

Novel Quinoline Compounds Active in Cancer Cells through Coupled DNA Methyltransferase Inhibition and Degradation.

DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) play a relevant role in epigenetic control of cancer cell survival and proliferation. Since only two DNMT inhibitors (azacitidine and decitabine) have been approved to date for the treatment of hematological malignancies, the development of novel potent and specific inhibitors is urgent. Here we describe the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a new series of compounds acting at the same time as DNMTs (mainly DNMT3A) inhibitors and degraders.

Improving the Patency of Jugular Vein Catheters in Sprague-Dawley Rats by Using an Antiseptic Nitrocellulose Coating.

Preclinical studies in animals often require frequent blood sampling over prolonged periods. A preferred method in rats is the implantation of a polyurethane catheter into the jugular vein, with heparinized glycerol as a lock solution. However, analysis of various biologic compounds (for example, microRNA) precludes the use of heparin.