Activation of the kynurenine pathway predicts mortality and neurological outcome in cardiac arrest patients: A validation study.

Purpose: Activation of the kynurenine pathway (KP) has been shown to predict outcome in cardiac arrest (CA) patients. We validated these findings in a Swiss cohort.

Methods: We measured admission tryptophan and kynurenine levels in 270 consecutive CA patients (38 in-hospital CA) and investigated associations with in-hospital mortality and neurological outcome at hospital discharge.

IRE1β negatively regulates IRE1α signaling in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress.

IRE1β is an ER stress sensor uniquely expressed in epithelial cells lining mucosal surfaces. Here, we show that intestinal epithelial cells expressing IRE1β have an attenuated unfolded protein response to ER stress. When modeled in HEK293 cells and with purified protein, IRE1β diminishes expression and inhibits signaling by the closely related stress sensor IRE1α.