Pancreas sparing duodenectomy and aortic reconstruction with custom-made bovine pericardial tubular graft for primary aorto duodenal fistula. Case report.

Primary aorto-duodenal fistula (PADF) is a rare life-threatening condition consisting in a direct communication between the abdominal aorta and the gastrointestinal tract without any previous vascular intervention. PADF results most commonly from an abdominal aortic aneurism (AAA) or aortic bacterial/mycotic infection, with the fistula forming between the native aorta and the third or fourth portion of the duodenum. Symptoms are nonspecific and the diagnosis is often delayed after AAA rupture with high rate of morbidity and mortality.

Endoscopic management of intramural spontaneous duodenal hematoma: A case report.

Background: Intramural duodenal hematoma is a rare condition described for the first time in 1838. This condition is usually associated with blunt abdominal trauma in children. Other non-traumatic risk factors for spontaneous duodenal haematoma include several pancreatic diseases, coagulation disorders, malignancy, collagenosis, peptic ulcers, vasculitis and upper endoscopy procedures.

Genetically driven CD39 expression shapes human tumor-infiltrating CD8 T-cell functions.

In our study, we investigated the role of CD39 on tumor-infiltrating CD8 T lymphocytes (CD8 TILs) in colorectal, head and neck and pancreatic cancers. Partially confirming recent observations correlating the CD39 expression with T-cell exhaustion, we demonstrated a divergent functional activity in CD39 CD8 TILs. On the one hand, CD39 CD8 TILs (as compared to their CD39 counterparts) produced significantly lower IFN-γ and IL-2 amounts, expressed higher PD-1, and inversely correlated with perforin and granzyme B expression.

Intrapancreatic accessory spleen false positive to 68Ga-Dotatoc: case report and literature review.

Background: Intrapancreatic accessory spleen (IPAS) is an uncommon finding of pancreatic mass. Differential diagnosis with pancreatic tumor, especially with non-functional neuroendocrine tumor (NF-NET), may be very hard and sometimes it entails unnecessary surgery. A combination of CT scan, MRI, and nuclear medicine can confirm the diagnosis of IPAS.

Wnt3a/β-Catenin Signaling Conditions Differentiation of Partially Exhausted T-effector Cells in Human Cancers.

In this study, we investigated the role of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in antitumor immune responses. We report that the concentration of secreted Wnt3a was significantly higher in conditioned medium from tumor or nontumor tissues obtained from all hepatocellular carcinoma or colorectal cancer patients tested, than in serum of healthy donors or patients. In addition, both Wnt3a and β-catenin were overexpressed by tumor-infiltrating and nontumor-infiltrating CD4 or CD8 T cells.

Regulatory T cells with multiple suppressive and potentially pro-tumor activities accumulate in human colorectal cancer.

Tregs can contribute to tumor progression by suppressing antitumor immunity. Exceptionally, in human colorectal cancer (CRC), Tregs are thought to exert beneficial roles in controlling pro-tumor chronic inflammation. The goal of our study was to characterize CRC-infiltrating Tregs at multiple levels, by phenotypical, molecular and functional evaluation of Tregs from the tumor site, compared to non-tumoral mucosa and peripheral blood of CRC patients.