Robotic Rectosigmoid Resection with Totally Intracorporeal Colorectal Anastomosis (TICA) for Recurrent Ovarian Cancer: A Case Series and Description of the Technique.

Background: Most patients with ovarian cancer relapse within 2 years. Prospective randomized trials, such as DESKTOP III and SOC-I, have shown the role of secondary cytoreduction in improving oncological outcomes in selected patients, when complete tumor resection is achieved. Recent retrospective series suggest that minimally invasive surgery is a feasible option in oligometastatic recurrences, such as rectal ones.

Less is more? Comparison between genomic profiling and immunohistochemistry-based models in endometrial cancer molecular classification: A multicenter, retrospective, propensity-matched survival analysis.

Background: Genomic profiling-based model (GP-M) is the gold-standard for endometrial cancer (EC) molecular classification, but several issues related to the availability of genomic sequencing in low-income settings remain and health disparities in the management are increasing. This study aims to investigate the non-inferiority of the immunohistochemistry-alone model in classifying ECs compared to the standard genomic profiling-based model in terms of oncologic outcomes.

Methods: All preoperative uterine-confined ECs undergoing surgical staging were retrospectively included.

Robotic Recto-Sigmoid Resection with Total Intracorporeal Colorectal Anastomosis (TICA) in Recurrent Ovarian Cancer.

Background: About 70% of women affected by ovarian cancer experience relapse within 2 years of diagnosis. Traditionally, the standard treatment for recurrent ovarian cancer (ROC) has been represented by systemic chemotherapy. Recently, several retrospective studies have suggested that secondary cytoreductive surgery could provide better clinical outcomes than chemotherapy alone, in the case of complete tumor cytoreduction.

Robotic approach for the treatment of gynecological cancers recurrences: A ten-year single-institution experience.

Introduction: Although the management of gynecological cancers recurrences may be challenging, due to the heterogeneity of recurrent disease, the aim of this work is to present a descriptive analysis of gynecological malignancies recurrences in our institution treated by robotic approach.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective review and analysis of data of patients who underwent robotic surgery for recurrent gynecological malignancies at Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Rome, from January 2013 to January 2024.

Results: A total of 54 patients underwent successful robotic cytoreductive surgery.

Distributed fiber optic shape sensing with simultaneous interrogation of multiple fibers based on Rayleigh-signature domain multiplexing.

We propose a method for shape sensing that employs Rayleigh-signature domain multiplexing to simultaneously probe the fibers or cores of a shape sensing setup with a single optical frequency-domain reflectometry scan. The technique enables incrementing the measurement speed by a factor equal to the number of multiplexed fibers at the expense of an increased noise floor in accordance with the Cramér-Rao lower bound. Nonetheless, we verify that the shape reconstruction performance of the proposed method is in very good agreement with that of conventional sequential core interrogation.

Minimally-Invasive Secondary Cytoreduction in Recurrent Ovarian Cancer.

The role of secondary cytoreductive surgery (SCS) in the treatment of recurrent ovarian cancer (ROC) has been widely increased in recent years, especially in trying to improve the quality of life of these patients by utilising a minimally-invasive (MI) approach. However, surgery in previously-treated patients may be challenging, and patient selection and surgical planning are crucial. Unfortunately, at the moment, validated criteria to select patients for MI-SCS are not reported, and no predictors of its feasibility are currently available, probably due to the vast heterogeneity of recurrence patterns.

Back to the future: The impact of oestrogen receptor profile in the era of molecular endometrial cancer classification.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of the oestrogen receptor (ER) profile on oncologic outcomes in the new endometrial cancer (EC) risk classification.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analyses were performed in a retrospectively reviewed large series of ECs to assess the presence/absence of oestrogen receptors (ER0\1+ or ER2+\3+) and other molecular factors (i.e.

Machine Learning Estimation of the Phase at the Fading Points of an OFDR-Based Distributed Sensor.

The paper reports a machine learning approach for estimating the phase in a distributed acoustic sensor implemented using optical frequency domain reflectometry, with enhanced robustness at the fading points. A neural network configuration was trained using a simulated set of optical signals that were modeled after the Rayleigh scattering pattern of a perturbed fiber. Firstly, the performance of the network was verified using another set of numerically generated scattering profiles to compare the achieved accuracy levels with the standard homodyne detection method.

Influence of birefringence- and core ellipticity-induced mode coupling on the gain statistics of forward-pumped Raman amplified few-mode fiber links.

The equations describing light propagation in a few-mode fiber for space-division multiplexing are derived under the presence of linear mode coupling and both Kerr- and Raman-induced nonlinearity. By considering physical models of stress birefringence and core ellipticity, the effect of such fiber imperfections on the gain of a forward-pumped Raman-amplified link is assessed through numerical simulations. The average gain and the variation of signal power at the output of the amplified fiber span is numerically evaluated for different levels of coupling strength in fibers supporting 2 and 4 groups of LP modes, identifying three main propagation regimes and assessing the effect of coupling between different groups of degenerate modes.

Rayleigh-Based Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing.

Distributed optical fiber sensing is a unique technology that offers unprecedented advantages and performance, especially in those experimental fields where requirements such as high spatial resolution, the large spatial extension of the monitored area, and the harshness of the environment limit the applicability of standard sensors. In this paper, we focus on one of the scattering mechanisms, which take place in fibers, upon which distributed sensing may rely, i.e.

The Characterization of Optical Fibers for Distributed Cryogenic Temperature Monitoring.

Thanks to their characteristics, optical fiber sensors are an ideal solution for sensing applications at cryogenic temperatures, such as the monitoring of superconducting devices. Their applicability at such temperatures, however, is not immediate as optical fibers exhibit a non-linear thermal response which becomes rapidly negligible below 50 K. A thorough analysis of such a response down to cryogenic temperatures then becomes necessary to correctly translate the optical interrogation readings into the actual fiber temperature.

Experimental characterization of group and phase delays induced by bending and twisting in multi-core fibers.

The local variations of group and phase propagation delays induced by bending and twisting a coupled core three-core fiber are experimentally characterized, for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, along the fiber length, with millimeter-scale spatial resolution. The measurements are performed by means of spectral correlation analysis on the fiber's Rayleigh backscattered signal, enabling for a distributed measurement of the perturbation effects along the fiber length. A mathematical model validating the experimental results is also reported.

Fast and direct measurement of the linear birefringence profile in standard single-mode optical fibers.

Phase birefringence in optical fibers typically fluctuates over their length due to geometrical imperfections induced from the drawing process or during installation. Currently commercially available fibers exhibit remarkably low birefringence, prompting a high standard for characterization methods. In this work, we detail a method that uses chirped-pulse phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry to directly measure position-resolved linear birefringence of single-mode optical fibers.

High-frequency high-resolution distributed acoustic sensing by optical frequency domain reflectometry.

A data analysis algorithm for OFDR-based distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) is proposed, which achieves high acoustic bandwidths of tens of kilohertz with sharp spatial resolutions in the order of centimeters. The non-idealities of the setup as well as the phase noise affecting the measurement are analyzed and a method to compensate them is experimentally demonstrated. The performance of the sensor is evaluated by extensive experimental tests, showing the viability of the proposed technique to achieve high frequency and high spatial resolution distributed acoustic sensing.

Analysis of modal coupling due to birefringence and ellipticity in strongly guiding ring-core OAM fibers.

After briefly recalling the issue of OAM mode purity in strongly-guiding ring-core fibers, this paper provides a methodology to calculate the coupling strength between OAM mode groups due to fiber perturbations. The cases of stress birefringence and core ellipticity are theoretically and numerically investigated. It is found that both perturbations produce the same coupling pattern among mode groups, although with different intensities.

Robust Depth Estimation for Light Field Microscopy.

Light field technologies have seen a rise in recent years and microscopy is a field where such technology has had a deep impact. The possibility to provide spatial and angular information at the same time and in a single shot brings several advantages and allows for new applications. A common goal in these applications is the calculation of a depth map to reconstruct the three-dimensional geometry of the scene.

Statistical analysis of nonlinear coupling in a WDM system over a two mode fiber.

We study the effect of nonlinear coupling in a WDM configuration over a two-mode fiber. A statistical analysis is presented that takes into account the effect of the random phase-sensitive amplification or depletion. Our results show high nonlinear coupling between the modes.

Distributed optical fibre sensing for early detection of shallow landslides triggering.

A distributed optical fibre sensing system is used to measure landslide-induced strains on an optical fibre buried in a large scale physical model of a slope. The fibre sensing cable is deployed at the predefined failure surface and interrogated by means of optical frequency domain reflectometry. The strain evolution is measured with centimetre spatial resolution until the occurrence of the slope failure.

[Tc]duramycin for cell death imaging: Impact of kit formulation, purification and species difference.

Introduction: [Tc]duramycin is a SPECT tracer for cell death imaging. We evaluated the impact of kit formulation, purification and species difference on the pharmacokinetic profile and cell death targeting properties of [Tc]duramycin in order to define the optimal conditions for (pre-)clinical use.

Methods: Three kits were prepared (A: traditional formulation, B: containing 1/3 of ingredients, C: containing HYNIC-PEG-duramycin).

The Label Matters: μPET Imaging of the Biodistribution of Low Molar Mass Zr and F-Labeled Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline).

Poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline)s (PAOx) have received increasing interest for biomedical applications. Therefore, it is of fundamental importance to gain an in-depth understanding of the biodistribution profile of PAOx. We report the biodistribution of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PEtOx) with a molar mass of 5 kDa radiolabeled with PET isotopes Zr and F.

Distributed characterization of localized and stationary dynamic Brillouin gratings in polarization maintaining optical fibers.

We experimentally generate localized and stationary dynamic Brillouin gratings in a 5 m long polarization maintaining fiber by phase-modulation of the pumps with a pseudo-random bit sequence. The dynamic Brillouin gratings are characterized in terms of length, bandwidth, group delay and group delay ripple, optical signal-to-noise ratio and peak to sidelobe ratio by measuring the distribution of the complex reflected signal along the fiber through swept-wavelength interferometry. By numerical processing, the performance of an optimal modulation format enabling null off-peak reflections are estimated and compared to the pseudo-random bit sequence case.

Cryogenic-temperature profiling of high-power superconducting lines using local and distributed optical-fiber sensors.

This contribution presents distributed and multipoint fiber-optic monitoring of cryogenic temperatures along a superconducting power transmission line down to 30 K and over 20 m distance. Multipoint measurements were conducted using fiber Bragg gratings sensors coated with two different functional overlays (epoxy and poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA)) demonstrating cryogenic operation in the range 300-4.2 K.

Distributed measurement of high electric current by means of polarimetric optical fiber sensor.

A novel distributed optical fiber sensor for spatially resolved monitoring of high direct electric current is proposed and analyzed. The sensor exploits Faraday rotation and is based on the polarization analysis of the Rayleigh backscattered light. Preliminary laboratory tests, performed on a section of electric cable for currents up to 2.

Widely time-dispersion-tuned fiber optical oscillator and frequency comb based on multiple nonlinear processes.

An all-fiber optical oscillator based on three nonlinear processes, namely stimulated Raman scattering and broad-band and narrow-band optical parametric amplification, is presented and experimentally characterized. The wavelength tuning is achieved by means of the time-dispersion technique and spans over 160 nm. Through the same technique a fast tunable optical frequency comb has been realized exploiting cascaded four-wave mixing.